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Number Systems

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12 views

Number Systems

Uploaded by

Anas Ghori
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING

NUMBER SYSTEMS

Ms. Rida Shahid


EPE Department
NUMBER SYSTEM

A number system is defined as a system of writing to express numbers. It is the


mathematical notation for representing numbers of a given set by using digits
or other symbols in a consistent manner. It provides a unique representation of
every number and represents the arithmetic and algebraic structure of the
figures. It also allows us to operate arithmetic operations like addition,
subtraction, multiplication and division.

The value of any digit in a number can be determined by:

•The digit
•Its position in the number
•The base of the number system

2
Types of Number Systems
There are various types of number systems in mathematics. The four most
common number system types are:

1. Decimal number system (Base- 10)


2. Binary number system (Base- 2)
3. Octal number system (Base-8)
4. Hexadecimal number system (Base- 16)

3
Decimal number system
The decimal number system has a base of 10 because it uses ten digits from 0
to 9. In the decimal number system, the positions successive to the left of the
decimal point represent units, tens, hundreds, thousands and so on. This
system is expressed in decimal numbers. Every position shows a particular
power of the base (10).

Example of Decimal Number System:

The decimal number 1457 consists of the digit 7 in the units position, 5 in the
tens place, 4 in the hundreds position, and 1 in the thousands place whose
value can be written as:

4
Binary number system
The base 2 number system is also known as the Binary number system
wherein, only two binary digits exist, i.e., 0 and 1. For example, 110101 is a
binary number.

We can convert any system into binary and vice versa.

Example

Write (14)10 as a binary number.

4
Conversion
Binary to decimal:

4
Practice Problems
Convert the following binary numbers in to decimal numbers.

•(10011)2
•(10000101)2

Convert the following decimal numbers in to binary numbers.


•16010
•7610

4
Conversion
Octal to decimal:
Convert 140)8 _____?_____)10

4
Conversion
Octal to decimal:
Convert
• 2671)8 _____?_____)10
• 121)8 _____?_____)10

4
Conversion
Hexadecimal to decimal:

• The base of a hexadecimal system is 16. The 16 symbols


involved in this system include 10 decimal digits and the first
six letters of the English alphabet.
• 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, F.
• Here, the alphabets can be treated 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15,
respectively.

4
Conversion
Hexadecimal to decimal:
Convert
• 7CF)16 _____?_____)10

4
Conversion
Hexadecimal to decimal:
Convert
• 1DA6)16 _____?_____)10
• E8B)16 _____?_____)10

4
PRACTICE PROBLEMS FOR QUIZ
Convert the following.
• 9AF)16 __?__)10 __?
__)2
• C5E2)16 __?__)10 __?
__)2
• 4516)10 __?__)2
• 1011001)2 __?__)10
• 4562)8 __?__)10 __?
__)2

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