Scribd
Upload
44 views48 pages

Ancient Greece Lesson Year 8

The document provides information about ancient Greece, including details about Greek geography, city-states like Athens and Sparta, forms of government, and culture like the Olympic Games and mythology. It compares and contrasts aspects of Athens and Sparta.

Uploaded by

Lisa Monda
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
44 views48 pages

Ancient Greece Lesson Year 8

The document provides information about ancient Greece, including details about Greek geography, city-states like Athens and Sparta, forms of government, and culture like the Olympic Games and mythology. It compares and contrasts aspects of Athens and Sparta.

Uploaded by

Lisa Monda
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 48

1

Where is Greece?

What do you already know about


Greece?
Have you ever been to Greece?
Geography
BIG IDEA: Greece’s geography and closeness to seas
influenced their need for trade and independent
city-states.

Greece is on the continent of Europe and


consists of many islands. The main part of
Greece is a peninsula
SEAS: Mediterranean Sea (to the South), Aegean
Sea, Ionian Sea
MOUNTAINS: Mountains can be found all
throughout Greece, making it difficult to
develop as a whole, unified country.
Ancient Greece
In ancient times, people
lived along the huge
coastline where food was
plentiful.
They were known for
growing olives. Olives were
used for making medicine
and food. They were an
extremely important part of
the economy. 4
New Towns
The Ancient Greeks
settled in areas around
cities.

Together, the city and


the surrounding area
was called a city-state.
5
The most famous city-
states(polis) were Athens,
Sparta, and Olympia. They
each had their own laws and
rulers.

Olympia

Sparta 6
City-States (Polis)

• Because the geography of Greece is so


mountainous, many settlements were
separated from one another.
• Over time these settlements became known as
cities to the people who lived in them.
• Each city had its own army, and its own
money. They each even had their own
government.
At the center of each
city-state was an
acropolis.

The acropolis is the place where


men gathered to discuss politics
and worship their gods and
goddesses. 8
1-Minute Pause
• 1 minute to think about the following:
– 1 thing that you learned
– 1 thing that you were interested in

9
city-state

Category:
Definition:

Political A city and the


Examples:
surrounding areas;
Athens, Sparta, have their own
Olympia government & laws10
acropolis

Category:
Definition:

Political The place where men


went to discuss politics
Examples:
and worship their gods
Parthenon and goddesses
11
Forms of Government
Within the city-states that were throughout the
country, four forms of government developed.
•Monarchy- rule by one hereditary ruler
•Oligarchy- rule by a small group of people
•Tyranny- rule by a cruel and oppressive
government or ruler.
•Democracy- rule by citizens
Athens and Sparta were probably the
two most famous and powerful city
states in Ancient Greece.

However, their governments were very different.


•Athens was the center of Power, Art,
Science, philosophy
•Placed a heavy emphasis on education
•Philosophers Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle came from
Athens.

•Birthplace of Democracy(around 508 B.C.)


••Wanted to rule themselves and not have a
king or queen!
••Democracy= Citizens have the right to vote
for laws or leaders.
• •ALL citizens can vote and have equal say in what
happens. Sounds fair, right?
• The trick was, the only people that could vote in
Athens were the citizens…
• •-You could only be a citizen if: You were a man
born in Athens
• •-So, only 50% or half of the people in Athens were
citizens.
• •-The people not allowed to vote were:
• *Women
• *Slaves
• *People born outside of Athens
Government of Sparta

•Governed with an Oligarchy:


•2 kings inherited power
• 28 council of Elders-elected
•Assembly was made up of male citizens
•Very little power was given to the
assembly
•Focused on military strength, developing
warriors, and power.
••Had their own army.
• Boys left home at age 7 to begin training.
••Conquered other city-states to gain wealth
and power.
••Three classes of people:
Citizens, non-citizens (women) , slaves
•Training to become strong and powerful
soldiers was the point of education, not
intelligence.
Athens and Sparta were also very different in the
role of boys and girls in society.
ATHENS: Boys:
•Up to 6- taught at home- mother or slave tutor
•6-7 – school-reading, writing, math, literature
•Good citizens was most important=purpose of
education!
•18 – military school/after went to private
schools to learn to debate and public speaking
Girls
•Girls were not regarded as important by the
Athenians.
•Girls could be taught at home. (if they had
rich parents)
•Girls were not allowed to take part in
anything to do with war, business or education.
•Had to be escorted
•Few rights
•Not citizens
Sparta: BOYS
•Age 7 – went to military school for
training for army
•Health and strength most important.
•Unhealthy babies left to die
•At age 20, given a test of strength and
leadership- if passed became a citizen
Sparta: GIRLS
•Girls in Sparta were to grow up to
be the mothers of warriors.
•Although they were not allowed to
fight, girls took part in all the
training because fit ladies produced
fit babies, who would fight!
Athens v Sparta

• Athens and Sparta had very different ways of living


their lives.
• Athens wanted to control as much land as possible
and this led to much war between Greek lands.
Powerful navy
• Sparta, although more powerful kept itself to itself
unless their army was needed. Powerful Army
Athens vs. Sparta

ATHENS SPARTA

Politically
(government and military)

Socially

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E3uTM9gjSGI
Athens or Sparta?
Which was better?
What united the Greek city-
states?

26
Literature
Homer’s Iliad and
Odyssey
Mythological tales

27
Religion
The Ancient Greeks worshiped
and believed in many gods and
goddesses.

28
The Ancient Greeks
wrote myths, or
stories, that explain
the origins of the
world and details the
lives and adventures
of their gods and
goddesses.
29
Zeus- king of the gods. Most
powerful god. Would hurl his
thunderbolt if he was angry.

30
Poseidon- god of the sea.
Has control of the waves
and oceans. Brother of
Zeus.

31
Hera- The queen of the
gods. Wife of Zeus.
Goddess of marriage,
children, and the home.

32
Aphrodite-
goddess of love
and beauty.

33
• The first Olympic
Games were held
in 776 B.C. in the
city-state of
Olympia.

34
• During the first Olympic
Games there was only one
event, the stadion.

The stadion was a short sprint that


lasted the length of the stadium. 35
• Over the years many other events were added
to the Olympic Games.
– Boxing
– Wrestling
– Pankration (Martial Arts)
– Chariot Racing
– Pentathlon

36
• Participation in all athletic events
during the Ancient Olympic
Games was limited to males only.
Sorry girls!

37
• Champions were
awarded an olive branch
from a tree that was
dedicated to the king of
the gods, Zeus. All
champions were viewed
as heroes for the rest of
their lives.

38
• The Olympic Games
were not held just for
the athletic events. The
spectators and the
athletes spent most of
their time worshipping
and honoring the gods.

39
Greek Olympic Art
• The Ancient Greeks painted
images of important events
on their pottery specifically
the Olympics.

40
Picture of 1 of the Following:
Olympic Events (Chariot
Racing, Wrestling,
Pentathlon, Boxing,
Pankration, Stadion)
Size of Picture & Decorated
Sides
Neatness
Colored (no marker)
Spelling & Grammar
Answer in 1 paragraph:
Which Ancient Olympic event
would you most like to 41
compete in? Why?
Forces Uniting the Greeks
How did Greek culture spread
to other areas of the world?

43
Alexander the Great

• Alexander the
Great was NOT
Greek. He was a
prince that was
born in
Macedonia.
44
Why is he important to Ancient
Greece?
• Although Alexander was not
Greek, he was taught by a Greek
philosopher, Aristotle.

• Aristotle taught Alexander to


respect the Greek culture.
Alexander spoke Greek, knew
Greek history, and believed in
the Greek gods.
45
• As King of Macedonia, Alexander’s main job was to
expand his kingdom. Alexander spread Greek
culture to all lands that he conquered.

• It is believed that he would have extended the


Macedonian kingdom to China if he had not died at
a young age. 46
Greek Philosophers
Alexander the Great

Definition: Category:

Macedonian who
conquered Greece and Political/Culture
spread their culture 48

You might also like