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Introduction To Logarithms

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CRYSTAL MAE TAMAYO
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5 views

Introduction To Logarithms

Uploaded by

CRYSTAL MAE TAMAYO
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INTRODUCTION TO

LOGARITHMS
Objectives: at the end of the lesson, students are able to:
• define logarithm; and
• rewrite exponential equations into logarithmic forms
and vice versa.
What is logarithm?
- “logos” means proportion
- “arithmos” means numbers

Let a, b, and c be positive real numbers such that


b ≠ 1. The logarithm of a with base b is denoted by
logba, and is defined as c = logba if and only if
a = bc .
Reminders!!!
1. In both the logarithmic and exponential forms, b is the
base. In the exponential form, c is an exponent; this
implies that the logarithm is actually an exponent.
Hence, logarithmic and exponential functions are
inverses.

2. In the logarithmic form logbx, x cannot be negative.

3. The value of logbx can be negative.


Definition: Common logarithms are logarithms with base 10;
logx is a short notation for log10x.

Definition: Natural logarithms are logarithms to the base e


(approximately
2.71828), and are denoted by “ln”. In other words, lnx is another
way of
writing logex.
2 =x
5 log2x = 5
Write exponential form to logarithm form.

Answers:

1. = 125 1. log5125 = 3
2. 2. log7() = -2
3. = 3. log2⁄3 () = 2
4. log0.110000 = -4
4. = 10000
5. log41 = 0
5. =1
6. 6. log721 = b
7. 7. lnx = 2
8. 8. cannot be written in logarithmic form
Write exponential form to logarithm form.

Answers:

1. log381 = 4
1. = 81
2. log5 = 2
2.
3. log( = -3 3. =
4. log42 = 4. =2
5. log100.001 = -3 5. = 0.001
6. ln8 = a 6.
7. Log m = n 7.
Evaluate the ff. logarithmic expressions.

1. log232
2. log9729
3. log16
4. log327
5. log55
BASIC PROPERTIES OF
LOGARITHMS

Objectives: at the end of the lesson, students are able to:


• determine the basic properties of logarithms; and
• apply the basic properties of logarithms
Definition
Let b and x be real numbers such that b > 0 and b ≠ 1,
the basic properties of logarithms are as follows:

1. logb1 = 0

2. logb = x

3. If x > 0, then = x
Use the basic properties of logarithms to find the value of the following
logarithmic expressions.

Answers:

1. log10 1. Property 2
2. lne 3 2. Property 2
3. log64 3. Property 2
4. 5log52 4. Property 3
5. log1 5. Property 1

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