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Pipe Friction Losses - MEE - 307 - LECTURE - NOTE

Pipe friction losses are caused by fluid movement against pipe walls and depend on pipe diameter, fluid velocity, surface roughness, and fluid properties. The pipe friction loss factor can be obtained from Moody charts or Hydraulics Research Station charts, which combine the Colebrook-White and Darcy-Weisbach formulas. An example problem calculates discharge through a 10 km plastic pipe using these formulas and charts.

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37 views12 pages

Pipe Friction Losses - MEE - 307 - LECTURE - NOTE

Pipe friction losses are caused by fluid movement against pipe walls and depend on pipe diameter, fluid velocity, surface roughness, and fluid properties. The pipe friction loss factor can be obtained from Moody charts or Hydraulics Research Station charts, which combine the Colebrook-White and Darcy-Weisbach formulas. An example problem calculates discharge through a 10 km plastic pipe using these formulas and charts.

Uploaded by

adeolaadeola412
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Pipe Friction Losses/Factor

Pipe Friction Losses (f) are caused by friction generated by the


movement of the fluid against the walls of pipes, fittings, etc.
• Magnitude of the loss depends upon:
• Internal pipe diameter
• Fluid velocity
• Roughness of internal pipe surfaces
• Physical properties of the fluid (e.g., density, viscosity)

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The Pipe friction loss/factor can be obtained by charts detailed as follows
Moody CHART

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Hydraulics Research Station Charts
To derive charts suitable for design, the Colebrook-White and Darcy-Weisbach
formulas were combined to give:

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Hydraulics Research Station Charts

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Example
Problem
A plastic pipe, 10 km long and 300 mm diameter, conveys water from a reservoir (water level 850
m above datum) to a water treatment plant (inlet level 700 m above datum). Assuming the
reservoir remains full, estimate the discharge using the following methods:
1. the Colebrook-White formula;
2. the Moody diagram;
3. the HRS charts.
Take the kinematic viscosity to be 1.13×10−6 m2/s .

Solution
1. Using the combined Colebrook-White and Darcy-Weisbach formula :

We have the following input variables:


1. D = 0.3 m;
2. from the table for effective roughness, 0.03 mm ks = ;
3. the hydraulic gradient is:
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Hence the discharge is:

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3) Using the HRS chart, the solution of the combined Colebrook-White and Darcy-Weisbach
formula lies at the intersection of the hydraulic gradient line (sloping downwards, left to right)
with the diameter (vertical) and reading off the discharge (line sloping downwards left to
right):
10
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Hence, as can be seen from the Figure above, we get:
Which is very similar to the exact result calculated previously.
Exercises

1) A discharge of 400 l/s is to be conveyed from a reservoir at 1050 m AOD to a treatment


plant at 1000 m AOD. The length of the pipeline is 5 km. Estimate the required diameter of
the pipe taking ks= 0.03 mm .
(Ans. 450 mm)
2) The known outflow from a distribution system is 30 l/s. The pipe diameter is 150 mm, it is 500 m
long and has effective roughness of 0.03 mm. Find the head loss in the pipe using:
a. the Moody formula;
b. the Barr formula;
c. check these value against the Colebrook-White formula.
(Ans. 0.0182, 8.94 m)

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