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Topic 14 Food Security

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25 views

Topic 14 Food Security

Uploaded by

jossan addatu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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FOOD SECURITY

INTRODUCTION
Defined by FAO of the United Nations. Global
Food Security is "when all people at all times
have access to sufficient, safe, nutritious food to
maintain a healthy and active life."
FOOD SECURITY AN
EVOLVING CONCEPT
Refers to the ability of individuals, communities, and
countries to access sufficient, safe, nutritious, and
culturally appropriate food to meet their dietary needs
and food preferences for an active and healthy life.
4 Dimensions of Global
Food Security
1 Availability 2 Stability

3 Accessibility 4 Utilization
FOOD SECURITY AND
HUMAN SECURITY
Human security is a broad concept that encompasses the well-being
and safety of individuals, communities, and nations. Food security is an
important component of human security. When people do not have
access to sufficient and nutritious food, their health and well-being are
jeopardized. This can lead to malnutrition, hunger, and other health
problems, which can in turn affect their ability to work, study, and
participate in society.
Key Critique of Food Security

1 Narrow focus
Critics argue that the traditional focus of food security on
increasing food production and access to food overlooks
important factors such as poverty, inequality, and social justice .

2 Market-based solutions
Another critique of food security is that it often relies on market-based
solutions, such as increased trade and investment, to address food
insecurity..
Key Critique of Food Security

3 Environmental impact
Critics also argue that the emphasis on increasing food production can
have negative environmental consequences, such as deforestation, soil
degradation, and water depletion.

4 Technocratic approach
Some critics argue that the emphasis on technological solutions, such as
genetically modified crops, overlooks important social and cultural factors
that affect food security
Global Food Security - Key Trends

1 Population Growth
The world's population is expected to reach 9.7 billion by 2050,
which will put significant pressure on global food production
and distribution systems

2 Climate Change
Climate change is a major threat to global food security, as it can lead to
decreased crop yields, increased food prices, and food and water
scarcity.
Global Food Security - Key Trends
3 Food waste and loss
Globally, around one-third of all food produced is lost or wasted, which
represents a significant economic and environmental cost.

4 Nutrition and health


While the world has made significant progress in reducing hunger and
malnutrition, the prevalence of obesity and diet-related diseases is on the rise.

5 Conflict and instability


Conflict and instability are major drivers of food insecurity,
particularly in regions such as the Middle East and Africa.
Factors that Affects
Food Insecurity
1 Climate
global warming is increasing temperatures by around 0.2°C every 10 years.
Rainfall is increasing in some places, but decreasing in others. Higher
temperatures and unreliable rainfall make farming difficult, especially for those
farming marginal lands, who already struggle to survive. Even advanced
countries (ACs) can be affected by drought. Countries such as Russia and
Australia are huge exporters of wheat and barley respectively. When they
suffer drought there is less food available globally and global food prices
increase, leaving the poor most vulnerable.
2 Technolgy
improvements in technology have increased the amount of
food available. Technology can overcome temperature,
water and nutrient deficiencies in the form of greenhouses,
irrigation and fertilisers. This can incur an economic or
environmental cost. ACs import food from across the globe,
all year round.
Loss of farmland - the growth of the biofuel market is taking
up valuable farmland which is then not used for food.
3 Pests and Diseases
pesticides have increased crop yields. Farmers in
ACs can afford pesticides, whereas most farmers in
low income developing countries (LIDCs) cannot
afford them.
4
Water Stress
irrigation systems provide water for countries with
unreliable or low rainfall. Irrigation can double crop
yields, but it is expensive to put these systems in
place. Water can be taken either from underground
aquifers or directly from rivers. Both have
environmental consequences.
5
Conflict
war forces farmers to flee their land or to fight in conflict. Food can
be used as a weapon, with enemies cutting off food supplies in
order to gain ground. Crops can also be destroyed during fighting.
Food shortages have caused riots and conflict. The South Sudan
region has faced conflict for years, with 4 million people facing
food insecurity. In the Darfur area conflict has lasted years
because of disagreement over land and grazing rights.
6
Poverty
when people have less money, they cannot afford
food and they become unable to work. Families in
developing countries spend much of their income on
food.
Importance of Global
Food Security
1 Promoting health and wellbeing of people all over the world.

2 Supporting economic development

3 Ensuring global food security requires a long-term, sustainable approach.

4 Fostering social stability and peace

5 Strengthening global cooperation


Strategies for Achieving
Global Food Security
1 Address climate change

2 Improve agricultural productivity

3 Promote sustainable food systems

4 Strengthen food systems governance

5 Foster international cooperation


Examples of Successful
Food Security Initiatives
1 Brazilian Zero Hunger Program

2 Malawi Farm Input Subsidy Program

3 Ethiopian Agricultural Transformation Agency

4 Indian National Rural Employment Guarantee Act

5 Rwandan One-Cow-Per-Family Program


Thank you
-GROUP 4 -

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