Scribd
Upload
5 views

OISD

Uploaded by

Anonymous Adler
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
5 views

OISD

Uploaded by

Anonymous Adler
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 13

OISD 114- HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS AND

THEIR HANDLING
OIL INDUSTRY SAFETY DIRECTORATE
• Oil industry safety directorate, OISD is an advisory body under the ministry of petroleum
and natural gas. Set up in the 1986 after Bhopal disaster, the directorate advises the oil
and gas industry in India on all matters of health , safety and environment.
• All public sector ( PSU) oil companies are members of OISD. Private oil companies can
also become members in case they desire.
• Unlike other regulatory agencies, OISD helps the member oil and gas companies to
enhance the level of safety through self regulation. OISD has published a number of
standard/ recommendations practice in sitting of petroleum operation , philosophies,
inspection, maintenance, fire protection etc. it is obligatory for the member companies to
use these standard and recommended practices for new installations and installation in
operations. Many other statuary agencies like CCE and others cite OISD
standards/recommended practices in their procedure and requirements.
• OISD has also published guidelines for internal and external safety audits. Based on
these guidelines, formal safety audits of oil/gas installations of various PSUs under
Ministry of P & NG are conducted periodically by an external team under the leadership
of OISD.
• Petroleum organizations can use these guidelines for their own internal audits. OISD has
also made a model disaster management plan that can be used by an installation as
guidelines for developing its own disaster/ emergency management plan.
OIL INDUSTRY SAFETY DIRECTORATE:
The main responsibilities OISD are:
• Standardization;
• Formulation of the disaster management plan;
• Accident analysis;
• Evaluation of safety performance.
OISD has framed rules and guidelines for safe distances to be
observed for various facilities in an oil installation. All the new
liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) bottling plants in India are
designed based on the guidelines of OISD. Further, The LPG
plants can be started only after the approval of OISD.
OISD has also issued guidelines for the safe operations of
petrol stations and standards related to petroleum installations.
TARRIF ADVISORY COMITEE

• Tariff advisory committee, TAC, is an advisory body formed to


regulate rates, terms and conditions of business of general
insurance companies in India.
• TAC approves and monitors various fire fighting facilities and
electrical installations in the industry.
• Fire fighting manual first brought out in 1903 by Calcutta fire
association was revised, updated and issued by TAC in 1982 in
two parts- Part I and part II. These manuals lay down guidelines
for design and operation of private fire fighting facilities to be
maintained by the industry. These guidelines have been used
extensively in petroleum installations. Based on the degree of
compliance to the recommendations of these manuals. TAC
makes periodical inspections of those installations
CORROSIVE CHEMICALS
Chemicals, which will cause damage to the living tissue
and/or chemically attack metallic containers and
structures are corrosive chemicals.
OXIDISING SUBSTANCES (OXIDISER):
Oxidising substances means a chemical that initiates or
promote combustion in other materials, thereby causing
fire either of itself or through release of oxygen or other
gases.
PYROPHORIC SUBSTANCES
Chemicals which are so reactive that on contact with air
and its moisture, oxidation/ hydrolysis occurs at such a
rate so as to cause ignition. Some of these reactions
liberate flammable gases.
INCOMPATIBLE CHEMICALS
These are chemical substances which in contact with each other cause
hazardous reactions which may be violent or produce toxic materials.

STEL (SHORT TERM EXPOSURE LIMIT)


It is defined as a 15 minutes time weighted average exposure, which
should not be exceeded at any time during a workday even if the 8 hours
time weighted average is within the TLV. Exposure at the STEL should not
be longer than 15 minutes and should not be repeated more than four
times per day. There should be at least 60 minutes interval between
successive exposures at the STEL.

TLV (THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUE)


The term refers to concentrations of air contaminants in the working
environment to which it is believed, nearly all workers may be exposed
repeatedly day after day without adverse effect. Normally, it is the time
weighted average concentration in ppm or gm/m 3 for a normal 8-hour
work day or 40 hour workweek
UEL and LEL
In the case of gases or vapour, which form flammable mixtures with air,
there is a minimum concentration of vapour in air below which the
propagation of flame does not occur in contact with a source of ignition.
This is called Lower Explosive Limit (LEL).

Similarly, there is a maximum concentration of vapour above which the


propagation of flame does not occur on contact with a source of ignition.
This is called Upper Explosive Limit (UEL).

This range of minimum to maximum concentration is termed as Flammable


(Explosive) range.
NUMBERING THE NFPA PICTORIAL REPRESENTATION OF HAZARD

NFPA pictorial representations consist of a diamond, divided into 4 parts.

These parts, starting from left block (in clockwise direction), represent Health
Hazard, Flammability Hazard, Reactivity Hazard and Space for additional
information such as water reactivity, oxidant and radiation hazard.

The colour codes for these hazards are : blue for health, red for flammability,
yellow for reactivity and colourless for additional information.

The intensity of hazard is grouped into five classes with numerical indications as 0,
1, 2, 3 & 4 in the ascending order of hazard intensity
STORAGE OF HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS- STORAGE IN BULK
• The inventory of all hazardous chemicals for that matter must be kept as
minimum as possible.
• The environment at the location must be compatible with the chemical
stored.
• The tank should have a dyke of suitable material (compatible with the
chemical) of volume equal to the volume of the larger storage tank. The dyke
should have facility to: drain off rain water into storm water channel ; route
high volume spillage / leakage to suitable neutralizing pit nearby ;
• The flooring of the area where corrosive chemicals are stored, shall be
impervious and made of corrosion resistant materials.
• Each storage tank should have necessary instruments to monitor its level,
pressure and temperature preferably with remote indications at control
room or field operators cabins. Abnormal rise in level / pressure /
temperature should alert control room by alarm. Quite often, the level
gauges pose problems of choking, leakage from drain connections, leakage
from broken gauge glasses leading to accidents. Hence, it is suggested to
have guarded, illuminated level gauges. Level gauges should have provision
for in-situ cleaning.
STORAGE OF HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS- STORAGE IN BULK

• The tanks should be fitted with vents/relief


systems of adequate capacity discharging to a safe
height.
• Wherever atmospheric release of the vapour is not
advisable, the relief should be routed to a
neutralising system. Flame arrestors are
recommended for the vents of atmospheric
storage tanks containing Class A (flash point less
than 23 degree centigrade) chemicals.
• Capacity requirement in case of high vapour
evolution resulting from heating due to fire of
adjacent tank also should be considered
UNLOADING OF TANK TRUCKS / TANK WAGONS

• Before the tanker enters the industry premises, the tanker is to


be inspected for authorized entry and safe & sound condition
of the tanker, its contents and that of the prime mover.
• Tankers entering plant are to be fitted with flare arresters on
their exhaust.
• The quality of the chemical in the tanker should be ascertained
before unloading to avoid contamination of chemical already
at storage.
• In case of flammable chemicals, the prime mover (engine)
should be kept of. The tanker should be properly blocked
from movement before connections are made for unloading
hazardous chemicals.
• In case of flammable chemicals, the unloading point should
be located at a safe distance outside the storage dyke
UNLOADING OF TANK TRUCKS / TANK WAGONS

• Coupling used for connecting hose to tanker must be leak


proof. Flange connections are preferred. Where threaded
connections are used, the threaded portion should be
properly preserved against corrosion.
• For flammable chemicals, the tanker and the hose are to be
properly earthed before starting unloading operation.
• Unloading should preferably be done in day time.
• Unloading should be done under personal supervision of
responsible staff authorized by the management.
• Gas / chemical leak detection system to sound an alarm at
the control room/site may be provided wherever possible,
so that quick remedial measures can be taken. Wherever
necessary, quick/remote isolation valves should be provided.

You might also like