TYPOLOGIES OF

COMMUNITIES
LESSON 4
BY: SIR RJ FERRERAS
LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
distinguish between formal and
informal types of communities;
make a community map of a rural
and urban community; and
explain local and global
communities and their relationship.
SILANG INIWAN (SHORT
DOCUMENTARY)
1. What Is the storyline of the short
film?
2. Is it really happening today? Cite an
example.
3. What can you do as a student to
change this experience?
FORMAL AND INFORMAL
COMMUNITIES
 FORMAL INFORMAL
The group is created as per The group is formed
official authority, fulfill according to the likes,
certain goals or objectives interests, and attitudes of
the members
The group possesses a The group has a loose
systematic hierarchical structure, and the members
structure join to satisfy their social
needs
The position of the member Every member is important
defines his/her importance as any other member
in the group
There is professional There is a personal
relationship among relationship among
members members
The flow of The flow of
communication is communication
restricted due to the stretches in all
chain of command directions
WHAT IS SOCIAL SPACE?
SOCIAL SPACE is defined as a physical
or virtual space which members of the
community visit or where they stay. Some
examples of social space include the social
center, online social media, or other
gathering spaces where people gather or
interact.
 Some social spaces are owned by the
government, the PUBLIC SOCIAL SPACE;
such as town squares, parks, and beaches.
These are spaces generally open and
accessible to people.
 PRIVATE SOCIAL SPACES, on the other
hand, are owned and regulated regularly, such
as shopping malls. These social spaces may be
used by community residents for their
gatherings or simple recreation activities.
RURAL-URBAN
COMMUNITIES
Three general characteristics of rural areas:
Population density is found to be low, meaning
few people populate the entire community, and
they tend to live far apart from each other.
The area is situated geographically distant from
larger urban areas.
Each area typically specializes in a particular
form of livelihood, such as farming
Characteristics of urban areas are as
follows:
There is higher population density, with more
diverse subgroups (ethnic, racial cultural, age,
sexual orientation)
Various industries and businesses are found in
the areas.
A large portion of people lived in rented
apartments or homes.
Transportation is readily available although
this may be costly
Urban areas are highly developed with many
buildings and structures
Traffic and noise levels are high in these areas
The large population gives rise to close
interactions among many people as well as
more intense political involvement among
citizens.
WHAT IS COMMUNITY
SECTOR?
COMMUNITY SECTORS are various
groups or subdivisions of the larger
community divided based on
characteristics such as political,
economic, cultural, and religious beliefs.
HEALTH
Medical and mental health
professionals; pharmacists and
pharmacies; hospitals and other in-
patient facilities, clinics, non-
traditional health practitioners; public
health agencies and systems
EDUCATION
Public and private preschools, K-12
schools, colleges and universities, school
committees, school administrators,
teachers, other educational institution
employees; parents, students, state board of
education; adult basic education (ABE) and
English as Second or Other Language
(ESOL) programs
LAW
ENFORCEMENT
The local and state police, the court
system- judges, probation officers,
prosecutors, court appointed defense
lawyers, court-mandated program for
offenders.
GOVERNMENT
Regional, provincial, state, local, and
tribal government bureaucracies,
agencies, and officials, both elected and
appointed.
BUSINESS
From the self-employed carpenter
to the multinational corporation
with a local facility
YOUTH
Youth themselves (generally viewed as
ages 18 and younger) and those who work
directly with them (youth violence
prevention and outreach programs, Big
Brother/Big Sister, Boys’ and Girls’ Clubs,
scouting, etc.) parents, human service,
culture, and sports/recreation sectors
THE MEDIA
Newspapers and magazines, radio, and
TV, vast array of blogs, videos, online
news, and other materials available on
the internet.
HUMAN
SERVICES
Non-profit professional and volunteer
organizations that provide free and
affordable services such as job training,
food, shelter, elder services, services for
individuals with physical or mental
disabilities, support and advocacy for
immigrants, among others.
RELIGION
Places of worship and their members,
religious organizations (e.g. Knights of
Columbus, CBCP) of all faiths, may
include the hierarchy of a national church
as well (a Roman Catholic archbishop, for
instance)
Service/Fraternal Organization
The Lions, Masons, Rotary, Kiwanis, and
other local and national or international
service organizations, college
fraternities/sororities or other local and
national social clubs, as well veterans’
organizations and the like.
Service/Fraternal Organization
The Lions, Masons, Rotary, Kiwanis, and
other local and national or international
service organizations, college
fraternities/sororities or other local and
national social clubs, as well veterans’
organizations and the like.
COMMUNITY ACTIVIST
VOLUNTEER GROUPS
Individuals for or against political issue, supportive
of existing institutions (“Friends of” the local park, a
school playground volunteer corps), oriented toward
economics (groups that volunteer to help non-profit
and small business owners with financial and
business plans), or more generally concerned with the
quality of community life (e.g. organizers of
community festivals)
CULTURE
Artists such as musicians, dancers and
choreographers, writer, actors and directors,
designers and visual artists, as well as arts
organizations, theaters, orchestras, museums,
galleries, and those who work as support staff in
the arts- stagehands, cameramen, electricians,
set builders, etc. ; regular consumers and
supporters of the arts.
HOUSING DEVELOPMENT
Both public and private non-profit
housing agencies and organizations that
provide rent subsidies and/or affordable
housing, as well as developers who
build market-rate and upscale
residential and commercial properties.
SPORTS AND RECREATION
Sports clubs, town or county recreation
departments, amateur and professional athletic
associations, public and private sports and
recreation facilities, gyms, coaches, personal
trainers, recreation leaders, and camp directors,
as well those who participate in these groups as
athletes, spectators, or supporters.
THE ENVIRONMENT
Individual environmentalists, international, national,
and local environmental organizations, conservation
land trusts, recreational hunters and fishermen, rock
climbers and mountaineers, wildlife biologists and
botanists, ecologists, hikers, canoers/kayakers, and
other outdoor people, hydrologists (water specialists),
those who make a living from a pristine or carefully-
managed environment.
AGRICULTURE
Confined to rural areas, may also include
dairy farmers, cheesemakers,
winemakers and vineyards, and food
processors and packers, including all
consumers of the food produced.
Local and Global Communities
LOCAL
COMMUNITY
Is characterized by close social integration and
physical proximity. Moreover, a local community is
defined as a group of people sharing the same
environment and conditions intent, belief, resources,
preferences, and needs and risks. These factors may
affect the identities of the individuals as well as the
community’s degree of cohesiveness.
In addition, a LOCAL COMMUNITY
may consist of business operators, public
agency staff, residents with interactions
that may include sharing of resources,
information, and assistance. Commercial
relationships may also be present between
local businesses and consumers.
GLOBAL
COMMUNITY
Is a system characterized by integration and
interaction between individuals and groups away
from each other in time or space or both. The word
“global” refers to the nation of the world considered
closely connected by modern telecommunication,
though they are economically, socially and
politically independent
“THERE IS NO POWER FOR
CHANGE GREATER THAN A
COMMUNITY DISCOVERING
WHAT IT CARES ABOUT”