Scribd
Upload
54 views

View Factor - Heat Transfer

The document discusses view factors, which are the proportion of radiation leaving one surface that strikes another surface. It provides definitions and equations for calculating view factors between surfaces. Specific examples are given for view factors between a sphere and box, a partition in a duct, and surfaces of a tube.

Uploaded by

niyasking0123
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
54 views

View Factor - Heat Transfer

The document discusses view factors, which are the proportion of radiation leaving one surface that strikes another surface. It provides definitions and equations for calculating view factors between surfaces. Specific examples are given for view factors between a sphere and box, a partition in a duct, and surfaces of a tube.

Uploaded by

niyasking0123
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 9

View

Factor:
In radiative heat transfer, a view factor, , is the proportion of the radiation which
leaves surface that strikes surface . In a complex 'scene' there can be any
number of different objects, which can be divided in turn into even more surfaces
and surface segments.

View factors are also sometimes known as configuration factors, form


factors, angle factors or shape factors.

To compute radiation exchange between any two surfaces,we must first


introduce the concept of view factor
The view Factor
Integral:
• The view factor Fij is defined as the fraction of the radiation leaving surface i
that is intercepted by surface j. To develop a general expression for Fij, we
consider the arbitrarily oriented surfaces Ai and Aj .Elemental areas on each
surface, dAi and dAj , are connected by a line of length R, which forms the polar
angles i and j , respectively, with the surface normals ni and nj . The values of R,
i , and j vary with the position of the elemental areas on Ai and Aj
• From the definition of the radiation intensity, the rate at which radiation leaves
dAi and is intercepted by dAj may be expressed as

• Where is the intensity of radiation leaving surface i by emission and


reflection is the solid angle subtended by dAj when viewed from dAi.
With from it follows that

• Assuming that surface i emits and reflects diffusely and substituting from we then
obtain
• The total rate at which radiation leaves surface i and is intercepted by j may then
be obtained by integrating over the two surfaces. That is

• where it is assumed that the radiosity Ji is uniform over the surface Ai . From the
definition of the view factor as the fraction of the radiation that leaves Ai and is
intercepted by Aj

• it follows that
• Similarly, the view factor Fji is defined as the fraction of the radiation that leaves
Aj and is intercepted by Ai . The same development then yields

• View Factor Relations:

• =

BY Equating the two Equations we get:

This expression, termed the reciprocity relation, is useful in determining


one view factor
• Parallel Plates with Midlines Inclined Parallel Plates of Equal Width and a Common
Connected by Perpendicular Edge

Perpendicular Plates with a Common Edge Three-Sided Enclosure


Geometry Relation

Parallel plates of widths, 𝑤𝑖,𝑤𝑗 with 𝐹𝑖𝑗=[(𝑊𝑖+𝑊𝑗)2+4]1/2−


midlines connected by [(𝑊𝑗−𝑊𝑖)2+4]1/22𝑊𝑖
perpendicular of length 𝐿 where 𝑊𝑖=𝑤𝑖/𝐿,𝑊𝑗=𝑤𝑗/𝐿

Inclined parallel plates at angle, 𝛼,


of equal width, 𝑤, and a common 𝐹𝑖𝑗=1−𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝛼2)
edge

Perpendicular plates of
𝐹𝑖𝑗=1+(𝑤𝑗/𝑤𝑖)−[1+(𝑤𝑗/𝑤𝑖)2]1/22
widths, 𝑤𝑖,𝑤𝑗 with a common edge
SUMS:
• EXAMPLE 13.2
• Determine the view factors F12 and F21 for the following geometries

• 1. Sphere of diameter D inside a cubical box of length L =D.


• 2. One side of a diagonal partition within a long square duct.
• 3. End and side of a circular tube of equal length and diameter
Solution:
Known: Surface geometries
Find:View Factors

You might also like