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Time Division Multiple Access (Tdma)

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LEEBAN MOSES M
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29 views

Time Division Multiple Access (Tdma)

Uploaded by

LEEBAN MOSES M
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TIME DIVISION MULTIPLE

ACCESS [TDMA]

By,
KAVINPRASATH TS
7376234CO102
ADVANCE WIRLESS COMMUNICATION
21CO53
INTRODUCTION IN TDMA?
Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) is a digital modulation technique used in digital
cellular telephone and mobile radio communication. TDMA is one of two ways to divide
the limited spectrum available over a radio frequency (RF) cellular channel. The other is
known as frequency division multiple access (FDMA). In simplest terms, TDMA enables
multiple users to share the same frequency by dividing each cellular channel into different
time slots. In effect, a single frequency supports multiple and simultaneous data channels.
So, with a two-time slot TDMA, two users can share the same frequency. With a three-time
slot TDMA, three users can share the same frequency and so on.
HOW DOES ITS WORKS?
 In TDMA, users transmit in rapid succession, each using their own time slot. This shuttling
process is so fast each user thinks they occupy the same RF channel at the same time. By
allocating a discrete amount of bandwidth to each user, TDMA increases the amount of data
that can be carried over the channel, while enabling simultaneous conversations.

 In North America, a variant of TDMA called North American TDMA is used. Almost all 2G
cellular systems use TDMA,

 Digital Advanced Mobile Phone Service

 Global System for Mobile communication (GSM)

 Personal Digital Cellular (PDC)

 Integrated Digital Enhanced Network

 TDMA is also used in Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications, a standard used to


create cordless telephone systems in Europe, Australia, South America and Asia.
WHAT IS TDMA NETWORK
 Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) is a complex technology, because it requires
an accurate synchronization between the transmitter and the receiver. TDMA is used in
digital mobile radio systems. The individual mobile stations cyclically assign a
frequency for the exclusive use of a time interval.

 In most of the cases, the entire system bandwidth for an interval of time is not assigned
to a station. However, the frequency of the system is divided into sub-bands, and
TDMA is used for the multiple access in each sub-band. Sub-bands are known
as carrier frequencies. The mobile system that uses this technique is referred as
the multi-carrier systems.
LAYOUT DIAGRAM:
FLOW DIAGRAM:
TDMA THEORY :

TIME DIVISION MULTIPLEXING

 VTDMA divides the available  TDMA combines the data from


transmission time into discrete time multiple users into a single channel by
slots, with each time slot allocated to a interleaving their transmissions in time.
specific user or device.  The transmissions occur sequentially,
 Each user is assigned a unique time slot with each user transmitting during their
during which they can transmit their respective time slot. The multiplexed
data. The duration of each time slot is data stream is then de-multiplexed at
determined based on the required data the receiving end to extract the
rate and the number of users sharing individual user's data.
the channel.
TDMA THEORY:
SYNCHRONIZATION EFFICIENT SPECTRUM
UTILIZATION

 Proper synchronization is essential in  TDMA allows multiple users to share


TDMA to ensure that users transmit the same frequency channel by
and receive data at the correct time dividing it into time slots. This efficient
slots. Synchronization ensures that all utilization of the frequency spectrum
users share a common frame structure maximizes the capacity of the
and are aligned with the time division communication system.
schedule.  By allocating separate time slots to
 Various synchronization techniques, different users, TDMA avoids
such as synchronization signals or interference between users transmitting
timing references, are used to maintain at the same time, enabling
accurate timing. simultaneous communication.
APPLICATIONS

 TDMA is used in various communication systems, including wireless cellular


networks, satellite communication, and digital trunking systems.

 In cellular networks, TDMA is employed in 2G GSM (Global System for Mobile


Communications) networks, where it allows multiple users to share the same frequency
band within a cell.

 It is also used in digital trunking systems, such as TETRA (Terrestrial Trunked Radio)
or P25 (Project 25), for efficient public safety and professional communication.
ADVANTAGES

 Permits flexible rates (i.e. several slots can be assigned to a user, for example, each
time interval translates 32Kbps, a user is assigned two 64 Kbps slots per frame).

 Can withstand gusty or variable bit rate traffic. Number of slots allocated to a user can
be changed frame by frame (for example, two slots in the frame 1, three slots in the
frame 2, one slot in the frame 3, frame 0 of the notches 4, etc.).

 No guard band required for the wideband system.

 No narrowband filter required for the wideband system.


DRAWBACKS
 High data rates of broadband systems require complex equalization.

 Due to the burst mode, a large number of additional bits are required for
synchronization and supervision.

 Call time is needed in each slot to accommodate time to inaccuracies (due to clock
instability).

 Electronics operating at high bit rates increase energy consumption.

 Complex signal processing is required to synchronize within short slots.

 Kick start Your Career

 Get certified by completing the course

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