INTERRELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PHYSICAL

FITNESS AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE

AMONG SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
OF PILPILA HIGH SCHOOL

This Research Prepared by:

Baldelamar, Garland Noreen E.
Caculitan, Elmer C.
Reyes, Baby Jane C.
Santos, Jhon Rhey T.
 CHAPTER 1

THE PROBLEM

This chapter will include the background of the study, the scope,
the limitations, and some theories that will be the basis of the study. It
provides general explanations of what researchers will discuss in this
study.
INTRODUCTION

Physical fitness refers to the ability of our body systems to work effectively, promoting
overall health and enabling us to perform daily activities. It involves the coordination of the
heart, lungs, and muscles. On the other hand, academic performance is the measure of how
well a student, teacher, or institution has achieved their educational goals. This is
determined through assessments and examinations.

There is a correlation between physical activity and academic performance. Individuals who
engage in regular physical activity tend to have better grades, attendance, cognitive abilities
(such as memory), and classroom behavior. Higher levels of physical fitness are associated
with improved concentration, memory, and academic success. Research suggests that
physical activity and fitness have a positive impact on academic outcomes. Studies have
shown that regular physical activity can enhance cognitive function and reduce stress and
anxiety, benefiting academic performance.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

This study intended to understand does a high level of physical fitness significantly influence the academic
performance of Senior High School student, and if so, what are the underlying factors contributing to this
relationships. The result of the study proposed to understand the relationship between physical fitness and
academic performance of Senior High student.

How may the students profile be described in terms of their gender, and physical activity?

How may the academic performance of SHS be described?

Is there a significant difference in the physical activity of the students when group according to gender?

To what extent does physical activity relate to the academic performance of the SHS students?
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

To analyze the interrelationship between physical fitness and academic performance among senior high school students.

Specifically, the study aims to:

Describe the students profile in terms of gender, and physical activity.

Describe the academic performance of the SHS students.

Ascertain the difference in the physical activity of the students when grouped to gender

Find out the relationship between physical activity and academic performance.
HYPOTHESES OF THE STUDY

There is no significant difference in the physical activity of the

students when grouped according to gender.

There is no significant relationship between the student’s

physical activity and academic performance.
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

Multiple studies have found a positive relationship between physical fitness and academic performance. Chomitz et al.
(2009) discovered that students with higher levels of physical fitness performed better on standardized academic tests.
Trudeau and Shephard (2008) reviewed several studies and concluded that physical activity has a positive impact on
cognitive performance and academic achievement. These findings highlight the importance of incorporating physical
fitness into the school curriculum.

Physical activity has been shown to improve brain health by enhancing neuroplasticity, increasing blood flow to the
brain, and promoting the release of neurotrophic factors. These physiological changes can lead to improved cognitive
functions such as memory, attention, and executive functioning, all of which are crucial for academic success. The
theory of neurogenesis suggests that physical exercise can stimulate the growth of new neurons in the hippocampus, a
brain region associated with learning and memory.
According to the Health Belief Model (HBM), individuals are more
likely to engage in health-promoting behaviors if they perceive a high
level of threat from health problems and believe that a specific action
will reduce this threat. In the context of high school students,
understanding the long-term benefits of physical fitness on overall
health and academic performance can motivate them to participate in
regular physical activities. Educating students about these benefits can
change their perceptions and encourage a more active lifestyle,
thereby improving their academic outcomes.

Physical fitness can also enhance self-efficacy, which is an individual's

belief in their ability to succeed in specific situations. Increased self-
efficacy can lead to better academic performance as students feel
more confident and capable in their academic pursuits. Additionally,
regular physical activity promotes self-regulation skills such as
discipline and time management, which are important for academic
success.
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Maintaining good physical fitness levels can potentially have a positive impact on the academic
performance of senior high school students at Pilpila High School. Engaging in regular physical activity
and maintaining good physical fitness levels can have several benefits on academic performance. These
benefits may include improved cognitive function, enhanced concentration and focus, increased attention
span, and better memory retention. However, it is essential to consider the individual and contextual
factors that may influence this interrelationship.
Figure 1: This figure shows that maintaining good physical fitness
levels can potentially have a positive impact on the academic
performance of the students. So that they can enhance there
concentration and focus on studying to pass their grades.
SCOPE AND DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY

This research aimed to determine the study relationship between physical fitness and academic
performance among senior high school students. This would encompass analyzing various physical fitness
metrics such as cardiovascular endurance, strength, flexibility and body composition and their potential
impact on academic achievement. This research was conducted during the School Year 2023-2024 at Pilpila
High School. The participants of the study were selected through convenience sampling which is a non
probability sampling method where units are selected for inclusion in the sample because they are easiest for
the researchers access.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The main cornerstone why this research has been pursued and
conducted is to accumulate understanding regarding the impact of
physical activity in student’s academic performance.
Describing the students in terms of their gender, SES, physical activity,
and academic performance will provide basis and sense of familiarity
not just for the participants of the study but also to the parents, teachers,
and other researchers.
Students.
This study will give them knowledge about the importance of
physical fitness and academic performance.
Parents.
This research will raise awareness and provide them with
valuable insight into their children’s educational experiences. It will
offer a deeper understanding of how physical fitness influences
academic performance.
Teachers.
This will offer invaluable information to teachers, shedding
night on the connection between students physical well-being and their
academic achievements. Through this, teachers can tailor their
instructional strategies both academic success and overall health among
students.
Researchers.
This will provide essential insights about the complex
relationship between physical activity and academic performance. This
will offer a nuanced understanding of the mechanism through which
physical fitness influences cognitive functioning and learning
outcomes. In addition, this will inspire further inquiry and exploration
of this dynamic relationship and its implications for educational
practice and policy.
DEFINITION OF TERMS

Physical Fitness- relating to achieved through regular exercise and a

health lifestyle.
Athletic- someone who regularly engages in sports or physical
activities.
Obesity- a medical condition characterized by an excessive amount of
body fat.
Academic- relating to or associated with an academy or school
especially of higher learning.
Student- a person who is enrolled classes at school, college, or
university.
Gender- social and cultural roles, behaviors and expectations
associated with being male, female, or non-binary.
BMI- a person’s weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in
meters.
 CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter provides an overview of studies exploring the relationship
between physical fitness and academic performance, drawing primarily
from existing literature. It encompasses a brief description of studies
investigating physical fitness and academic performance, along with
approaches to measurement techniques and strategies employed among
Senior High School students during the academic year 2023-2024.
RELATED LITERATURE
The literature indicates a concerning trend of declining physical fitness among students,
contributing to a rise in obesity rates. Hannaford (2005) emphasizes the importance of movement
in how individuals embody and express their learning, understanding, and sense of self.
Addressing this issue in every student becomes crucial in managing factors that could potentially
impact both their physical well-being and academic performance.
Furthermore, literature suggests that introducing students to exercise and relaxation techniques
could positively influence physiological stress indicators. Armstrong et al. (1997) observed short-
term reductions in stress through relaxation techniques. Additionally, Jensen (2005) highlights the
positive correlation between physical activity and student achievement, with physical fitness
emerging as a potentially more accurate predictor of health outcomes in children than mere
physical activity (Haga, 2009).
LOCAL STUDIES
Studies consistently demonstrate that regular physical activity during childhood yields various health benefits, such as
improved bone and muscle strength , metabolic health, weight management, and mental well-being. However, despite these
benefits, may students fail meet physical activity guidelines. Pressures to excel academically often lead to reduced physical
education and recess time. Yet, there’s no evidence indicating adverse effects on academic or cognitive performance due to
physical education time reduction. Emphasizing the positive association between academic achievement and physical activity
alongside well-established health benefits may encourage policymakers to prioritize physical activity promotion in schools.

Research on the long-term effects of physical activity on academic outcomes presents mixed findings. While some
studies report small positive relationships between sustained physical activity and academic achievement, others fail to
establish conclusive evidence. Hence, further exploration is warranted to elucidate the precise relationship between physical
activity and academic performance.
FOREIGN STUDIES
Globally, the physical fitness levels of school-aged children and their
potential impact on academic achievement have garnered significant
attention. Researchers utilize questionnaires/fitness tests to measure
physical activity and fitness, alongside academic performance
assessments. Dwyer et al. (2001) found significant correlations between
physical activity measures, physical fitness, and academic ratings
across age and sex groups. These findings underscore the importance of
maintaining or enhancing physical activity programs in schools to
support academic success.
 CHAPTER 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents the research design, sources of data/respondents,
data collection and data analysis utilized in this study.
RESEARCH DESIGN
This research employed descriptive, comparative and correlational
design to analyzed the relationship between physical fitness and
academic performance. It allows to the researchers might use
descriptive design to describe participants characteristics, comparative
design to compare the effectiveness of two treatments and correlational
design examine the relationship between physical fitness and academic
performance.
LOCALE OF THE STUDY
This discusses the place of setting of the study. It provides a
brief description of the place where the study is conducted. Only
important details that are necessary for the current study are included
this indicated the intended audience as well. This study will be
conducted at Pilpila High School and the respondents are the Senior
High School Student who were studying at Pilpila High School this
place was selected by the researchers.
SOURCES OF DATA/RESPONDENTS
The respondents of the study are in Senior High students of Pilpila
High School. Twenty (20) students either grade 11 or 12.The sampling
procedure that the researchers used is convenience sampling since
researchers reached out to certain acquaintances who are eligible to
answer and participate in the conducted research which will happen as
the researchers will need to find participants who involved themselves
to academic performance using the strategy to physically fit while
studying which is the variables in this study.
INSTRUMENTATION AND DATA COLLECTION
To determine the needed data on the study between physical fitness and
academic performance of Senior High students. To determine their
academic and physical engagement, the researcher administered a
research questionnaire. This study was conducted through a survey
questionnaire answered by the participants.
They are required to sign a consent form if they choose to participate in
this study in that way, the participants will not be forced to answer the
survey. Confidentiality was observed and will not violate any rules to
also ensure the safety of the respondents. The researchers will collect
the answers of the respondents to this study.
 CHAPTER 4

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

This chapter presents the results and discussion of the study.
There are a total of 51 students from grade 11 and 12 who study at
Pilpila High School, but 20 selected students have choosing to be
respondents to answer the survey questionnaire that we have prepared
about the interrelationship between physical fitness and academic
performance among senior high student of Pilpila High School. The
section of discussion studied the differences and similarities between
the previous studies mentioned in the literature review chapter and
current data collected.
PROFILE OF THE RESPONDENTS
This study sought to determine the relationship of physical
fitness and academic performance among Senior High students at
Pilpila High School. The findings obtained from the respondents are
presented as follow:
 Profile be described in terms of their gender
Almost of the respondents of this research will be a female I randomly
select all the senior high student of Pilpila High School. The table 1
show the result for gender of the respondents.
 This question relates to the respondents what they gender.
According to the analysis, the majority of the respondents 13 or 65% is
female and 7 or 35% is male. The researchers concluded that
participants is almost female.
 Profile be described in terms of their Body Mass Index
This table showed the response of the selected students of Senior High
of Pilpila High School that determined their body mass index.
 Question 2 shows that 14 or 70% of the students BMI 16-20, 3
or 15% of the students BMI 21-25, next is 2 or 10% of them 26-30 and
lastly 1 or 5% of them 31-35 of her/him BMI. Therefore, concluded that
the majority of respondents in normal status that even the three of them
is overweight.
 Academic performance of students
This table showed the academic performance of selected students of
Senior High of Pilpila High School to determined who excel to
academic achievement.
 CHAPTER 5
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATION
This chapter presents the summary of the findings, conclusions
and recommendations based on the data analyzed in the previous
chapter.
SUMMARY
The study aims to know the relationship of physical fitness and
academic performances of Senior High School students. The data
showed that most of the participants have a connection to physical
fitness and academic performance. It can also help to control and divert
their well-being and help their physical body.
In terms of performing academic performances for physical fitness
most of the respondents agreed that it can boost their academic
performances while doing a physical fitness, in that way then can
achieve a good and better grade when the quarterly grading comes.
CONCLUSION
The study showed that a higher percentages of students found
out in physical fitness that helpful on academic performances. Both
genders had high grades because of physical fitness. It is based on the
types of physical fitness.
The study found out that the need of students regarding in body
composition had been fulfilled through physical fitness. Few
participants has not physically fit but good on their academic
performances.
This study determined the relationship between physical fitness
and academic performance among senior high school of Pilpila High
School. The majority of the students always reflect their academic
performances.
RECOMMENDATION

After conducting a study about Interrelationship between Physical Fitness and Academic Performance among
Senior High School Students of Pilpila High School, the researchers created recommendation after many assessments.
The following recommendation are not faultless so they will need to be verified from experts.

1. Implement Regular Physical Activity Programs. These programs can include sports, exercise routines, and
active breaks during the school day.

2. Integrate Physical Education into Curriculum. Ensure that physical education is an integral part of the
curriculum.

3. Provide Health and Wellness Education. Offer workshops or seminars on the importance of physical fitness
and its impact on academic success.

4. Monitor and Assess Physical Fitness Levels. Conduct regular assessments of students' physical fitness levels
to track progress and identify areas for improvement.

5. Collaborate with Health Professionals. Partner with health professionals, such as physical therapists or
nutritionists, to provide comprehensive support for students' physical well-being.

6. Conduct Further Research. Consider conducting additional studies or surveys to delve deeper into the
relationship between physical fitness and academic performance among senior high school students at Pilpila High
School.
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Bass, J., et al. Title of the Work. 2013

Dwyer, J., et al. Title of the Work. 2001

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Grissom, A. Effect sizes for research: A broad practical approach.2005

Hannaford, J. Smart Moves: Why Learning Is Not All in Your Head. 2005

Haga, P. Emotion Regulation: Antecedents and Well-being Outcomes of Cognitive Reappraisal and Expressive
Suppression in Cross-cultural Samples. 2009

Jensen, K. Towards a Broader Scope of Biomechanics in Developmental Studies. 2005

Pica, R. A Review of Recent Assessment and Treatment Procedures. 2004