Lifting Equipment 2

A. Lifting Appliances
Any mechanical device capable of raising or lowering a load.
Cranes, Fork lifts, Lifts, Suspended cradles, Powered hoists,
Manual Hoists, Beam trolleys, etc.

B. Lifting Gear
Any device whatsoever which is used or designed to connect a load
to a lifting appliances which does not form part of the load.
Wire rope slings, chain slings, hooks and fittings, swivels, shackles,
eye bolts, etc.
 CRANE GENERAL 3

Typical lifting appliance: Cranes

Uses
Hazards
Testing
Limitations

Equipment Standards
Inspection/Test Records
Auxiliary Equipment
Manufacturers
Recommendations
CRANE TYPICAL HAZARDS 4

HAZARDS

Crushing
Overhead/Below
Communication
Injury to feet & hands
Pick and carry
Hazardous Electrical Condition 5
 Crane Inspection Records 6

Date of Inspection/Test
Signature of person conducting inspection
Serial number; or other identifier
 LIFTING PLANNING AND EXECUTION 7

Specific LIFTING PLAN is required in following generals

conditions:

Load exceeding 50 tons and 80% (or more) of rated load

chart of crane.
Load exceeding 50% (or more) of rated load chart of crane
and possible failure would endanger existing facilities.
Two booms are required to make the lift.
Poles or derrick have erected for the specific lift.
Lifting operations will take place in an area less than 5
meters from pipelines, electrical cables or other installation.
Lifts in restricted areas of site or whenever requested by
Site Management.
LIFTING PLANNING AND EXECUTION 8

1. 0 12 . 5 9 3 K

1. 113 . 5 4 6 K
9
 CRANE TYPICAL ISSUES 10

Permit Requirements
i.e. Lifts over 50 tonnes
Lift in live plant area
Multi-Crane Lifts
Lift Study requirement
J.H.A. requirement
Other
 Ready to Lift? 11

Lifting plan
Weight to be lifted
Center of Gravity
Nature of the load
Suspension Points
Working Radius
Jib head height
Slew Round Limitations
Ground / Underground
Conditions
Overhead Services
Wind
Crane stability
 CRANE LIFTING BASIC SAFE OPERATION 12

Clear Load to be Lift

Only Competent rigger & Crane operator
Safe Working Load/Angle of any Lifting
Devices respected
Rigging-Lifting Equipment under strict
inspection program
Slings, etc. protected with wooden
softener is necessary
Mats/Stabilizer in use
Signs-Barricades – Nobody directly
under load lifted
Tag lines to be used to guide the load
5m away from live powered line
To stop with wind around 40-50 Km/h –
25MPH-/Beafourt
Man Basket designed and certified
13
14
LIFTING GEARS 15
 Fundamental Safety Concept 16

Working Load Limit (WLL)

The maximum load which an item of lifting equipment is designed to
raise, lower or suspend. The WLL does not account for particular
service conditions which may affect the final rating of the equipment.

The WLL as determined by the manufacturer must NEVER be

exceeded.

Safe Working Load (SWL)

The maximum load (as certified by a competent person) which an item
of lifting equipment may raise, lower or suspend under particular
service conditions, eg. The SWL can be Lower than the WLL

The SWL as determined by the competent person must NEVER be

exceeded.
 Why Safety Factor and Safe Working Load ? 17

Why do we need a safety factors when using wire ropes?

1. Inaccuracies in load weight
Many load weights given to operators and riggers are merely estimates.

2.Shock loading
Shock loading is a fact of life and this can exert forces on a cable far
greater than the actual load being lifted.
3.Wear/use
Reduced capacity of the sling due to wear.
4.Bending
Reduced strength due to bending over sheaves, around a corner etc.
End fittings and attachments are not as strong as the cable itself.
 Safe Working Load 18

S.W.L = Catalogue Breaking Strength

Safety Factor
Safe working load is the maximum
load that can be placed on a cable.
It must never be exceeded.
 Slings Typical Hazards 19

Hazards with Slings

Overloading
Incorrect estimate of load(exceeding S.W.L)
Angle too great between the slings

Load jamming during lifting

Formula for Safe Working Load(SWL) for Wire Rope:

Dia x Dia x 8=SWL in kgs

eg: 10mm x 10mm x 8 = 800 kgs
 Sling Angles 20

o
30

0.52T o
0.52T
60

0.58T 0.58T
90o

0.7T 0.7T
o
120

1 Ton 1 Ton
170o
6 Ton
6 Ton

1 Ton Load
HSE
TRAINING
 A Dangerous Error 21

Too Great of an Angle

 Sling Angles Effects 22

The Effects of Sling Angles

 Wrapping Effects 23

De-rating and Increasing the SWL of Slings

 OTHER EFFECTS 24

OTHERS REDUCTION OF SLINGS CAPACITY

 General Slinging Rules to Follow 25

When Slinging and Handling a Load

A Simple Rule to Thumb for a

Good Safe Working Angle
Make sure that the horizontal distance between the
points of attachment of the load, does not exceed
the length of the slings.
This will ensure that the angle between the two legs
of the sling does not exceed 60°
26
 General Slinging Rules to Follow 27

When Slinging and Handling a Load

Multi-legged Slings
The recommended maximum angle between
the two legs of a sling is 90°

The recommended maximum angle between

the vertical and any leg of a sling is 45°

When slinging a rigid object with a multi-legged

sling it must be assumed that only two of the
sling legs are taking the load.
load
 General Slinging Rules to Follow 28

When Slinging and Handling a Load

Multi-legged Slings
Additional legs do not increase the Safe Working Load
(SWL) of the sling assembly. The SWL of a multi-
legged sling assembly is assessed on the diagonally
opposite legs.

Where an object is flexible and the load is evenly

distributed make sure that each leg takes an even share
of the load.
 General Slinging Rules to Follow 29

Always assume that one sling is taking half the load

General Slinging Rules to Follow 30
General Lifting Rules to Follow 31
General Safety Requirements for Rigging, Lifting and Hoisting 32

Always wear protective clothing and fall arresting

devices as needed
Always wear gloves when slinging and change them
when they are damaged or worn out
A lot of material you will be handling will either be rough
or sharp. Always watch for these hazards
Never exceed the SWL of lifting tackle
Use equipments respecting inspection program
Utilize tag line to control the load and pay attention to
do not be crushed by the load
 SLINGING 33

S
L
I
N
G
S

WEB SLING CHAIN SLING WIRE SLING

 Typical Slings Hazards 34

Hazards with Slings

Poor condition
Broken wires/strands
Corrosion/rust
Severe kinks/bends
Excessive wear
Personal injury
 Typical causes of Slings Breaking 35

CAUSES OF SLINGS BREAKING:

OVERLOADING

BENDING ON SHAPE EDGE

REDUCTIONS OF RESISTING SECTIONS (WIRE

BROKEN).

WIRE SQUEEZE

WIRE ECCESSIVELY WORN

 Typical causes of Slings Replacing 36

SLINGS, CHAINS & LIFTING GEAR SHALL BE REPLACED

WHEN ARE OBSERVED FOLLOWING CONDITIONS:

WORK HARDENING

WEAR/USE

LOOSE WELDING

FLESSION ACTIONS

YIELD
 TYPICAL WIRE ROPE DAMAGES 37

METALLIC ROPES BREAKING CAUSES

AND MAJOR DAMAGE
TYPICAL SYNTHETIC ROPE DAMAGES 38
 WEB-SLINGS 39

Made Of Nylon, Polyester or Polypropylene

The width and softness mean less tendency to
crush fragile objects, to mar or scratch finely
machined, highly polished or painted surfaces.
The flexibility helps to mould themselves to the
shape of the load.
They are not affected by moisture and certain
chemicals.
They are non-sparking and can be used safely in
explosive atmospheres.
They minimise twisting and spinning during lifting.
Inspect visually before use. Check for colour
coding.
 Synthetic Slings 40

Flat Webbing and Round Synthetic Slings

Flat webbing and round synthetic slings are

labeled with the SWL. Do not lift if the label is
missing. Return the sling to the manufacturer
for assessment and relabelling. Synthetic slings are
color coded.
Synthetic Slings Colour Code and Lifting Capacity 41
 Managing Synthetic Slings Conditions 42

Discard a Synthetic Sling if:

It is considered that it has lost more than 10% of
its original breaking strength. (Send the sling to
the manufacturer for regular testing.)
The Label has been removed or destroyed.
There is any damage to the sleeve or protective
coating.
A nylon sling comes into contact with acid.
 Managing Synthetic Slings Conditions 43

Discard a Synthetic Sling if:

A polyester sling comes into contact with a alkaline
substances.
A polyester sling comes into contact with an organic
solvent such as, paint, coal tar or paint stripper.
There are any visible cuts on the sling.
N.B. A nylon sling will lose more than 10% of its strength
when it is wet.
After 6 months exposure to sunlight send a sling in for
testing.
 Managing Synthetic Slings Conditions 44

Synthetic Slings Must Be Stored:

In a clean, dry, well ventilated place
Away from the ground or floor
Away from direct sunlight, ultra-violet light and
fluorescent lights.
Away from extremes of heat.
Away from sources of ignition.
Away from atmospheric or liquid chemicals
Away from the possibility of mechanical damage.
 Managing Synthetic Slings Conditions 45

INSPECTION
Synthetic slings must be inspected before each use.
They must also be inspected by a competent person at
least once every 3 months. If a sling is subject to severe
conditions the inspections should be more frequent.
Send slings for a proof load test at least every 12 months.
 Looking For: 46

Color code status

Any external wear such as abrasion or cuts and contusions.
Internal wear which is often indicated by a thickening of the
sling or the presence of grit and dirt.
Damage to protective coating of the sling.
Damage caused by high temperature, sunlight or chemicals
(indicated by discolouration).
Damage to the label or stitching.
Damage to the eyes or any terminal attachments or end fittings.
Where the sling is covered by a sleeve, the sleeve must cover the
sling for the full length from eye to eye.
 Colour Code Practices for Inspection and 47

Maintenance
A method of marking equipment (normally with paint or adhesive -
tape) to give a visual indication of its certification/inspection status. This
Colour should be changed at each periodic examination.

July January
to to
December June

January July
to to
June December
 48

WORKING LOAD LIMIT AND COLOUR CODE EXAMPLE

SAFE WORKING LOAD TAG

 CHAIN-SLINGS 49

Inspect the chain before use.

Never use a chain in which the links are locked, stretched, or
are without free movement.
Never hammer a chain or hook into position.
Never use an excessively pitted, corroded or worn sling.
Do not carry a load on the point of the hook or insert the point
into a chain link.
Do not put hands or fingers between the sling and its load
while the sling is being tightened around the load.
Do not allow loads to fall on to a sling.
Do not cross, twist, kink or knot a sling.
Do not drag a sling along the ground.
Do not use a sling over sharp corners without protective
padding.
Do not insert bolts or spikes to shorten slings.
Avoid sudden jerks when lifting, take up the slack then apply
the load slowly.
 CHAIN-SLINGS 50

Using Chain for lifting

Always check that the grade on the tag matches the grade
marking on the chain.
chain Do not use if there is no tag on the
chain.

Grade(T)
Most chain being manufactured today for lifting is
Grade(T) or 80 alloy steel.
It is stamped(T),800,80 or 8,HA PWB,or CM and various
combinations of the above.
It has become the most commonly used chain for lifting in
industry.
CHAIN-SLINGS TAD SYSTEM AND SWL 51
CHAIN-SLINGS MARK SYSTEM AND SWL 52
 CHAIN-SLINGS WORKING ANGLES 53

CHAINS LIFTING CAPACITY REDUCTION

RELATED TO THE WORKING ANGLE
 CHAIN-SLINGS ADVANTAGES 54

Chain is considerably heavier than Fiber

Steel Wire Rope of the same lifting
capacity, but is more durable .
It can better withstand rough handling and
can stored without deterioration.
 WIRE ROPE SLINGS 55

Mechanical Damage.
Wire Fracture.
Core break-up.
Core Protrusion.
Wear and deformation at parts badly kinked.
Broken outer and inner wires at ferrule.
Splits in ferrule.
Neck breaks - Broken strands and wires at neck
shank.
Kinking.
Inspect visually before use. Check for colour
coding.
 WIRE ROPES GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 56

Wire Rope
The rope must possess
sufficient strength to take
maximum load.
The rope must withstand
repeated bending without failure
of the wires from fatigue.
The rope must resist abrasion
and corrosion.
The rope must withstand
distortion and crushing.
The rope must resist rotation.
 WIRE ROPES - DAMAGES 57

Disposition of damaged rope

Six wires broken in one wire lay. Wire
Three wires broken in one strand on one
rope lay.
Wear of one-third of the original
Strand
diameter of the outside individual wires.
Rope severely kinked, crushed, cut,
Core
unstranded, or any other damage
resulting in distortion of rope structure.
Considerable corrosion in the valleys
between strands.
Reduction from nominal rope diameter.

Wire rope
WIRE ROPE GENERAL CHARATERISTICS 58

Проволочный трос
MANAGING WIRE-ROPES 59

METALLIC WIRE AND CABLE

WIRE-ROPES CLAMPS SAFE OPERATION 60

CLAMPS AND PULLEY SECTION

DISTANCE
Typical Example of Wire Rope Deterioration 61

Substantial wear severe internal

corrosion

Mechanical damage due to rope

movement over sharp edge
protection whilst under load.
Localised wear due to abrasion on
supporting structure.

Severe corrosion.
Typical Example of Wire Rope Deterioration 62

Break up of IWRC resulting

from high stress application.

Looped wires as a result of

torsional imbalance and/ or
shock loading
Protrusion of rope centre
resulting from build up of turn.

Multistrand rope bird caged

due to torsional imbalance.

Internal corrosion whilst

external surface shows little
evidence of deterioration.
 Storage of Slings 63

Store all slings in a

clean storage cabinet
or area and hang them
or coil them neatly.
Details of use and
maintenance for all
gear must be logged on
a record card by a
qualified person.
Storage of Slings 64
HOOKS 65
 SHACKLES 66

BOW DEE

Uses Incorrect fitting pin

Hazards Deformed/Damaged Shackle
Exceeding S.W.L
 PLATE CLAMPS 67

Horizontal Clamps
Uses
Limitations
Hazards
Incorrect clamp for task
Overloads
Personal Injury
Faulty Equipment
Load(s) Falling

Only for lifting plate

horizontally
 PLATE CLAMPS 68

VERTICAL CLAMPS
Uses
Limitations
Hazards
Incorrect clamp for task
Overloads
Faulty Equipment
Loads Falling
Personal Injury
PLATE CLAMPS – Possible Application Example 69
 HANDLING STEEL PLATE 70

Steel plate can be lifted with:

Plate clamps that are designed to increase the
pressure on the plate as the plate is lifted.
Hooks or shackles where there are lifting holes
in the plate.
Do not use home made type plate clamps or
plate dogs.
HANDLING STEEL PLATE 71
 HANDLING STEEL PLATE 72

Use a spreader beam if the angle between the

legs of a sling is likely to be more than 60°
Steel plate can be lifted vertically or
horizontally.
Always use a spreader beam for lifting steel
plate if the angle between two slings exceeds
60°
HANDLING STEEL PLATE 73
 HANDLING STEEL PLATE 74

Make sure that the angle between slings when

lifting steel plate is 60° or less.
 GIRDER CLAMPS 75

Uses
Limitations
Hazards
Side loading
Not secured correctly
Damaged Equipment
Exceeding S.W.L
Anchorage incapable of
withstanding load
Loads Falling
Personal Injury
 BEAM TROLLEY 76

Uses
Limitations
Hazards
Sideway Loading
Exceeding S.W.L
Anchorage not capable
of withstanding load
Loads Falling
Personal Injury
 JACK 77

Uses
Limitations
Hazards
Poor support/ un-level
working surface
Jack(s) toppling over
Releasing load too quickly
Personal injury
Crushing/Jamming hazard
 HOISTING OPERATION 78

A hoist is an arrangement of pulley and wire ropes or

chains used for lifting objects too heavy to lift by
hand.
Hoisting mechanism is the apparatus (load block,
control mechanism, rope/chains, hook, etc.) that
redirect the forces imposed by an attached load and
so allowed to hoist a load with a minimal energy.
Hoist can be manually operated or power-operated.

They can me portable or permanently attached to an

adequate support/suspension system.
 HOISTING EQUIPMENT 79

Typical Hoisting Equipment are chain block, lever

block/come along, load chain binder, etc.

Chain Blocks Lever Hoist

 HOISTING TYPICAL HAZARDS 80

Exceeding S.W.L
Faulty Equipment
Incorrect attachment
Loads Falling / collapse / compression
Personal Injury
Cut, abrasion during handling
Contact with moving mechanism
Posture / ergonomics
Lost of production/equipment damage
 BASIC SAFETY FOR HOISTING 81

Safe Working Load of each hoist posted on

the machine and tested as needed
Hoist support designed and carefully
evaluated to bear the max load to be lifted
Hoist to be firmly attached to its support
Load shall never exceed the Safe Working
Load of either hoist and support in the
specific hoisting configuration
Hoist should have a safety devices installed to prevent
overloading failure and chain slips while in stopped
position
Hoist to be inspected before use and it shall not be used if
it doesn’t meet safety condition. It shall never be tampered
Formal Lift Plan is required for critical operation, but any
lifting shall be evaluated and if needed planned before to
start the job
 HOISTING OPERATOR PRECAUTION 82

Inspect the equipment for hazards

identification before use
Plan the lift: weight, safe working
load of support and apparatus
Rig properly the load
Centre the load block over
the load before attaching it. If
the hoist is not properly
centred it can swing during the
liftEveryone shall be out of harm’s way when the load
is going to be lifted or moved and it is lifted or moved
Raise and lower the load as smooth as possible.
Avoid to lift the load over people
Never use hoist to lift person
Never use hoist/other equipment if you are not
trained to
HOISTING EXAMPLE 83
 84

LIFTING OPERATION REVIEW

 Primary Basics of Rigging 85

Determine the weight of the load.

Determine the center of gravity of the load
Determine the type of slings and rigging equipment best suited for the
type load.
Properly inspect all rigging equipment prior to application.
Apply a hitch that will hold and control the load.
Protect the rigging equipment from sharp, unyielding surface.
Protect the load, if necessary, from being damaged by the rigging
equipment.
Check out the hoisting devices to assure its limitations will not be
exceeded.
Know load movements and location prior to lifting the load.
Maintain load control from start of the lift to completion.
Keep all personnel clear of suspended loads.
Use proper hand signals during load movements.
 Twelve steps that can lead to an accident 86

Operating equipment without proper training and authorisation.

No securing equipment or work space against unexpected movement, as
in shoring up a trench.
Operating equipment at any speed, without regard recommendations.
Not signalling or warning your co-workers of heavy equipment movement
or other potentially dangerous situations.
Disconnecting hazard lights and audible warning devices.
Using tools and equipment even if you know they’ re not working properly.
Ignoring safety assessment procedures, especially checklist.
Avoiding or delaying calibration, repair, adjustment, or any scheduled
services on your tools and equipment.
Hitching a ride on heavy moving equipment.
Ignoring body position recommendations appropriate for the task.
Initiating horseplay on the job site.
Not wearing PPE
 Unsafe Working and Accidents 87

Results from:

Lacking of training or Knowledge.

Poor maintenance.

Correct plant or equipment not being available.

Misuse of plant or equipment.

Hurry to get the job done.

Overconfidence
 Safe Systems of Work 88

Effectively Communicated:
Planning and suitable cranes/equipment.
Maintenance and testing of equipment.
Supervision of work.
Test certificates and documents.
Prevention of unauthorised use.
Safety of all persons.
 LIFTING OPERATION 89

PRELIMINARY VERIFICATION

CRANE/EQUIPMENT SELECTION

CRANE/EQUIPMENT STABILITY

CRANE/EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE ASSESSMENT

MATERIAL SLINGING ASSESSMENT

 LIFTING OPERATION 90

EQUIPMENT SAFETY MAINTENANCE ASSESSMENT

 Stability 91

A Crane Must have a stable and level Base

Ground Must be able to Carry:
Severe static and dynamic
loads.
Weight of the crane weight of
the load.
Wind stresses.
Shock loading.
Ground Stability 92
 Control of Lifting Operations 93

Duties of Appointed Person

Assess the work to be done.
Ensure all tests, inspections, examinations
and maintenance have been carried out.
Have the authority to carry out duties and to
stop the operation if there is, likely to be
danger.
 Loads 94

Must be:
Correctly slung.
Made secure.
Clear of obstacles.
Palletised loads netted.
Loose materials lifted in a container.
Have a tag line attached.
Clear of people and equipment.
 LIFTING OPERATION 95

PRELIMINARY VERIFICATION:

KNOWLEDGE OR ESTIMATIONS OF THE WEIGHT

THAT ARE TO BE LIFTED.
USE OF CRANE WITH ENOUGH LIFTING CAPACITY.
SLINGING OF THE WEIGHT IN PROPER AND
SAFEST WAY.
RELATIONS BETWEEN WEIGHT AND BOOM
EXTENSION & INCLINATION.
 LIFTING OPERATION 96

PRELIMINARY VERIFICATION

WEIGHT EVALUATION

SLING LIFTING POINT

WEIGHT RIPARTITION (BARICENTER

CONCEPT)

CRANES LIFTING CAPACITY ( DIAGRAMS

AND LIFTING CHART )
LIFTING OPERATION 97
 LIFTING OPERATION 98

CONVENTIONAL WEIGHT OF MATERIALS

MATERIALS MEASURAMENT UNIT WEIGHT IN KG.

STEEL ONE CUBIC METER 7600 - 8100 KG.

WATER AT 4 DEGREE C' ONE CUBIC METER 1000 KG.

ASBESTOS ONE CUBIC METER 2100 - 2800 KG.

BRONZE ONE CUBIC METER 7500 - 8300 KG.

CONCRETE ONE CUBIC METER 2200 - 2500 KG.

ALLUMINIUM ONE CUBIC METER 2800 KG.

IRON ONE CUBIC METER 7400 - 7900 KG.

CAST IRON ONE CUBIC METER 7000 - 7800 KG.

WOOD ONE CUBIC METER 760 - 950 KG.

NICHEL ONE CUBIC METER 8900 - 9200 KG.

BRASS ONE CUBIC METER 8500 - 8600 KG.

STONE ONE CUBIC METER 3000 KG.

LEAD ONE CUBIC METER 11200 - 11300 KG.

COPPER ONE CUBIC METER 8600 - 8900 KG.

SAND ONE CUBIC METER 2000 KG.

TIN ONE CUBIC METER 7300 - 7500 KG.

ZINC ONE CUBIC METER 7200 KG.

LIFTING OPERATION – END ATTACHMENTS 99
LIFTING OPERATION – SHAPE OF THE LOAD 10
0
LIFTING OPERATION – CENTRE OF GRAVITY 10
1

SLINGING RECOMMENDATIONS
 LIFTING OPERATION – GEAR REVIEW 10
2

WEIGHT SLINGING VERIFICATION

LIFTING GEAR CONFORMANCE

LIFTING GEAR CAPACITY
LIFTING OPERATED WITH MORE SLING
(RIPARTITION OF WEIGHT)
CRANE CAPACITY VERIFICATION
USE OF SOFT MATERIALS BETWEEN SHARP
HEDGE AND THE SLING
LIFTING OPERATION – GEAR CAPACITY 10
3

LIFTING GEAR CAPACITY CHART

LIFTING OPERATION – WRAPPING THE LOAD 10
4

SLINGING AND LIFTING OF LOADS

LIFTING OPERATION – ATTACHING THE LOAD 10
5

SLINGING AND LOAD’S LIFTING

LIFTING OPERATION – SAFE LOADING CONSIDERATION 10
6

LIFTING CAPACITY VARIATION

RELATED WITH THE SLINGS ANGLE
 Duties of a Slinger 10
7

Responsible for:
Attaching and detaching
load.
The use of correct lifting
gear.
Initiating and directing
safe movement of Crane.
 LIFTING OPERATION 10
8

COMMON INJURIES HAPPENED AT THE SLINGERS

SQUEESE ( AT FINGER, FEET & HANDS )

ABRASION, CUTTING, PRICK.

CONTUSION IN SOME PART OF THE BODY.

FALLING FROM ELEVATION

Lifting Operation - General Precaution 10
9

PAY ATTENTION

TO

SUSPENDED LOAD:

AVOID TO STAY

UNDER THE LOAD

OR IN A POSITION

WHERE YOU CAN

BE HIT OR

STUCKED BY THE

LOAD
 Lifting Operation - PPE 11
0

Riggers often wear helmets, gloves, eye protection,

face masks and respirators, safety vests and steel
capped boots to protect themselves from injury.

Safety Helmets
Safety helmets with chin straps must be worn
wherever there is a risk of objects falling from
above and on any work site where the hard hat sign
is displayed
 Lifting Operation - PPE 11
1

Gloves
Leather or equivalent types of gloves will protect
your hands from:
Heat and abrasion / Molten metal
Sharp edges / Chemicals (acids, alkalis, solvents, fats
and oils)

Foot Protection
Wear proper safety boots
 Lifting Operation - PPE 11
2

Eye Protection
You must wear eye protection if you are likely to be exposed
to:
Physical injury caused by-flying particles, dust, molten
metal.
Chemical injury caused by-toxic liquids, gases, vapors,
dusts.
Radiation Damage caused by-sunlight,visible light,
infra-red, laser
 LIFTING OPERATION – READY TO START 11
3

PRELIMINARY VERIFICATION

WEIGHT STABILITY

PRESENCE OF MATERIALS NOT SECURED

PAY ATTENTION AT POSITION OF HAND & FEET

KNOWLEDGE OF CONVENTIONAL CRANE SIGNAL

THE WEIGHT MUST BE FREE FROM OBSTRUCTION

AND NOT CONNECTED AT THE GROUND
 LIFTING OPERATION – DURING THE LIFT 11
4

PRELIMINARY VERIFICATION:
HORSEPLAY OR STANDING ON LIFTED WEIGHT IS
FORBIDDEN.
THE CRANE OPERATOR MUST FOLLOW THE
BANKSMAN INDICATION DURING THE LIFTING
OPERATIONS.
 Crane Signalman 11
5

Remain in full view of the crane operator.

Keep the load and equipment in full view.
Stay safely out of range of the load.
Keep in constant communication with the crane operator.
Direct the load so it never passes over anyone.
Stop operations if unauthorised persons enter the crane’s
operating area.
Crane Signalman 11
6

Tag
Lines
 11
7

Crane Signals
LIFTING OPERATION – CHECK AFTER STARTUP 11
8
 LIFTING OPERATION – LOAD TRANSIT CONTROL 11
9

PRELIMINARY VERIFICATION:

PRESENCE OF OBSTACLES IN THE DIRECTION OF

THE LIFTING

KEEP THE WEIGHT CLOSE TO THE GROUND LEVEL

THE CHAINS OR SLINGS ARE TO BE FREE FROM

OBSTACLES

TAG CONTROLLING LINE MUST BE USED.

LIFTING OPERATION 12
0
LIFTING OPERATION 12
1
 LIFTING OPERATION – LANDING PLACE 12
2

PRELIMINARY VERIFICATION:

PRESENCE OF OBSTRUCTION IN THE WORKING

AREA.

WEIGHT LANDING AREA CLEARLY DEFINITED.

DON’T KEEP THE LOAD SUSPENDED.

GOOD STACKING POSITION ( PIPE).

RAISING SLOWLY THE WEIGHT.

LIFTING OPERATION – LANDING PLACE 12
3
LIFTING OPERATION – LANDING PLACE 12
4
LIFTING OPERATION – LANDING PLACE 12
5

SHIFTING OF LOAD
LIFTING OPERATION – LANDING PLACE 12
6

LOWERING OF LOADS
 LIFTING OPERATION – LANDING PLACE 12
7

SLINGING REMOVAL AND HOOK RAISING

LIFTING OPERATION – LANDING PLACE EXAMPLE 12
8
 PARTICULAR LANDING PLACE PREPARATION 12
9

Stacking rolled steel, coils and other round

loads
Round loads must be blocked or
chocked at the bottom to prevent the
whole stack rolling away. Every round
load must be blocked.
PARTICULAR LANDING PLACE PREPARATION 13
0
 PARTICULAR LANDING PLACE PREPARATION 13
1

Stacking rolled steel, coils and other round

loads
Each layer of the stack must be one unit
less than the layer below.
The stack will then resemble a pyramid
 PARTICULAR LANDING PLACE PREPARATION 13
2

Stacking Timber
When stacking shorter lengths of timber place the
alternate layers at right angles. This is called
pigs-tying.
 PARTICULAR LANDING PLACE PREPARATION 13
3

Stacking Timber
Bundles of timber must be strapped and have dunnage
under and between the bundles. When stacks are high they
must be straight and set on level beds. Check for movement
of the ground after rain.
Ladders must be provided for access to the top of high
stacks. To avoid high stacks of timber becoming unstable
tie stacks together with interlocking packing.
 Lifting Accidents 13
4

Lifting Accidents are generally caused by Misuse, Abuse, Neglect :

Lifting Accidents 13
5
Lifting Accidents 13
6
Lifting Accidents 13
7
Lifting Accidents 13
8
Lifting Accidents 13
9
 Conclusion 14
0

Lifting Incidents are always serious, at

least for their potentiality.
Also hoisting incidents often have created
serious damages to site workers
hands/fingers.
Any effort shall be done do avoid such
kind of events applying safe work
practices and safe attitude …..

“give me a lever and I will lift the world !!!”

Conclusion…thousands of tons !!! 14
1