Viterbi Decoding 3 Bit
Viterbi Decoding 3 Bit
1. Use viterbi’s algorithm to decode the sequence, 100 110 111 101 001 101 001 010.
● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
a● 100 110 111
● ● ●
b● ● ● ●
c● ● ● ●
d● ● ● ●
metric INPUT
100 110 111
0
a● >000 ● >000 ● >000 ●
>11 >11 10
>11 1 1 >0
1
b● ● ●
1
●
> 1 0
>0 0 >0 0
c● ● 1● 1 ●
>1 >1
10 1 10
>0 1 ●
d● ● ● >100
1 2 3 4
metric INPUT
100 110 111
0 1
a● >000 ● >000 ● >000 ●
>11 >11 10
>11 1 1 >0
1 2
b● ● ●
1
●
> 1 0
>0 0 >0 0
c● ● 1● 1 ●
>1 >1
10 1 10
>0 1 ●
d● ● ● >100
1 2 3 4
metric INPUT
100 110 111
0 1 3
a● >000 ● >000 ● >000 ●
>11 >11 10
>11 1 1 >0
1 2 2
b● ● ●
1
●
> 1 0
>0 0 5 >0 0
c● ● 1● 1 ●
>1 >1
10 1 10
>0 1 ●
d● ● 2● >100
1 2 3 4
metric INPUT
100 110 111
0 1 3 6
a● >000 ● >000 ● >000 ●
>11 >11 0 7
>11 1 1 > 01
1 2 2 3
b● ● ● ●
1 6
> 1 0
>0 0 5 >0 0
c● ● 1● 1 ●4
>1 3
>1 10
10 1
>0 1 ● 3
d● ● 2● >100
4
1 2 3 4
metric Remove m
100 110 111
metric
0 1 3 6
a● >000 ● >000 ● >000 ●
>11 >11 0 7
>11 1 1 > 01
1 2 2 3
b● ● ● ●
1 6
> 1 0
>0 0 5 >0 0
c● ● 1● 1 ●4
>1 3
>1 10
10 1
>0 1 ● 3
d● ● 2● >100
4
1 2 3 4
metric
100 110 111
0 1 3
a● >000 ● >000 ● ● 6
>11 >11
1 1
2 2
b● ● ● ● 3
>0 0 5
c● ● 1● ● 3
>1
10
d● ● ● 3
2●
1 2 3 4
100 110 111
0 3 3 6
● ● ● ●
2 2 3
● ● ● ●
5 3
● ● ● ●
2 3
● ● ● ●
1 2 3 4
101
6 8
● >000 ●
>11 0 6
1 > 01
3 7
● ●
1 01 3
>
3 >0 0
●
1 ●4
>1 5
1 10
>01 ● 5
3● >100
4
4 5
101
6
● ●
6
3
● ●
3
3 4
● ●
●
3● 4
4 5
100 110 111 101
0 3 3 6 6
● ● ● ● ●
2 2 3 3
● ● ● ● ●
5 3 4
● ● ● ● ●
2 3 4
● ● ● ● ●
1 2 3 4 5
001
6 7
● >000 ●
>11 0 6
1 > 01
3 8
● ●
1 01 5
>
4 >0 0
●
1 ●3
>1 5
1 10
>01 ● 6
4● >100
6
5 6
001
6 7
● >000 ●
>11 0 6
1 > 01
3 8
● ●
1 01 5
>
4 >0 0
●
1 ●3
>1 5
1 10
>01 ● 6
4● >100
6
5 6
001
6
● ●
6
3
● ●
5
4 3
● ●
●6
4● 6
5 6
100 110 111 101 001
0 3 3 6 6 6
● ● ● ● ● ●
2 2 3 3 5
● ● ● ● ● ●
5 3 4 3
● ● ● ● ● ●
2 3 4 6
● ● ● ● ● ●
1 2 3 4 5 6
101
6 8
● >000 ●
>11 0 6
1 > 01
5 7
● ●
1 01 3
>
3 >0 0
●
1 ●6
>1 8
1 10
>01 ● 7
6● >100
7
6 7
101
6 8
● >000 ●
>11 0 6
1 > 01
5 7
● ●
1 01 3
>
3 >0 0
●
1 ●6
>1 8
1 10
>01 ● 7
6● >100
7
6 7
101
6
● ●
6
5
● ●
3
3 6
● ●
●7
6● 7
6 7
100 110 111 101 001 101
0 3 3 6 6 6 6
● ● ● ● ● ● ●
2 2 3 3 5 3
● ● ● ● ● ● ●
5 3 4 3 6
● ● ● ● ● ● ●
2 3 4 6 7
● ● ● ● ● ● ●
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
001
6 7
● >000 ●
>11 0 8
1 > 01
3 8
● ●
1 01 7
>
6 >0 0
●
1 ●3
>1 8
1 10
>01 ● 6
7● >100
9
7 8
001
6 7
● >000 ●
>11 0 8
1 > 01
3 8
● ●
1 01 7
>
6 >0 0
●
1 ●3
>1 8
1 10
>01 ● 6
7● >100
9
7 8
001
6 7
● ●
3
● ●
7
6 3
● ●
●6
7●
7 8
100 110 111 101 001 101 001
0 3 3 6 6 6 6 7
● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
2 2 3 3 5 3 7
● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
5 3 4 3 6 3
● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
2 3 4 6 7 6
● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
010
7 8
● >000 ●
>11 0 3
1 > 01
7 9
● ●
1 01 6
>
3 >0 0
●
1 ●9
>1 7
1 10
>01 ● 8
6● >100
8
8 9
010
7 8
● >000 ●
>11 0 3
1 > 01
7 9
● ●
1 01 6
>
3 >0 0
●
1 ●9
>1 7
1 10
>01 ● 8
6● >100
8
8 9
010
7
● ●
3
7
● ●
6
3
● ●
7
●8
6● 8
8 9
100 110 111 101 001 101 001 010
0 3 3 6 6 6 6 7 3
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2 2 3 3 5 3 7 6
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5 3 4 3 6 3 7
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2 3 4 6 7 6 8
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
100 110 111 101 001 101 001 010
0 3 3 6 6 6 6 7 3
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2 2 3 3 5 3 7 6
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5 3 4 3 6 3 7
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2 3 4 6 7 6 8
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
100 110 111 101 001 101 001 010
3
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111 110 011 101 001 101 001 010
1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
100 110 111 101 001 101 001 010
The line (Red colour) is the maximum likelihood path.
a1 3
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b4 b6
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b1
● ● ● ● c2 ● ● ● ● ●
c4 c6
● ● d1 ● ● ● ● ● ● ●