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1.0 Measurement

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17 views

1.0 Measurement

Uploaded by

Nurul Nabilah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 36

Chapter 3

MEASUREMENT
Basic Measurement tools

1. Steel ruler
2. Combination set
3. External caliper and internal caliper
4. Divider
5. Try square
6. Bevel gauge
7. Protractor
8. Vernier protractor
9. Surface gauge
Precise measurement tools

1. Micrometer

2. Vernier caliper
1) Micrometer

 It is a precise measurement tool mainly used


in machining workshop.

 It can measured very precisely.

 Types of micrometer:
i. Outside micrometer
ii. Inside micrometer
iii. Depth micrometer
 Outside micrometer

 Inside micrometer

 Depth micrometer
Parts of micrometer

1. Frame
2. Anvil
3. Spindle
4. Sleeve
5. Thimble
6. Rachet
The parts of micrometer
1. Frame
 Semi-circular shape, holds the anvil and spindle.

2. Anvil
 Fix into the frame
 To prevent wear, some of them were braze weld with tungsten
carbide
 It’s a measurement face.

3. Spindle
 Containing threads that can be revolved. When the thimble is
rotated spindle will move forward and backward to the surface of
the anvil.
 Its end were also braze weld with tungsten carbide.
 It’s a measurement face.
4. Sleeve
 Having scales in a parallel line which become the datum of the
micrometer.
 Upper element is scaled to 25 equal parts, each scales equal to 1mm.
 Bottom element having each scales equal to 0.5mm.

5. Thimble
 Circumferential face of the thimble is scaled to 50 equal parts.
 1 part = 0.01mm.

6. Ratchet
 Situated at the end of the thimble.
 To ensure the accuracy of measurement.
 To control and prevent the thimble from excessive turning.
Extra:

 How to use a micrometer:


 resource\Micrometer.html
The principle of micrometer reading

 Micrometer works based on a screw thread movement.

 Its spindle having a thread of 0.5mm pitch.

 It can be rotated with the aid of a nut placed on the thimble,


when the thimble is rotated the spindle will move forward or
backward to the anvil surface.

 Given that the pitch is 0.5mm, thus each complete rotation


of the thimble, the spindle moves 0.5mm.
 Each 1 rotation of the thimble, the spindle movement is
0.5mm, then each scale of the thimble is
1 x 0.5 = 0.01mm
50

 The anvil surface and spindle are called as measuring surface


because the workpiece is measured between these surfaces.

 To begin a measurement, the number ‘0’ on the thimble


must be parallel with ‘0’ on the sleeve.
 0 -25mm Micrometer
 The anvil surface and spindle tightly close when on ‘0’.
 The reading is 0 mm.

 25 – 50mm Micrometer
 Distance of measuring surface is 25 mm apart.
 Reading start from 25mm.

 100 – 150mm Micrometer


 Reading start from 100mm.
 Formula (in short):

 Upper sleeve reading :


 Bottom sleeve reading :
 Thimble reading :

 Total reading :
Kaedah bacaan

1.

Upper sleeve reading = 12 x 1 = 12.00 mm


Bottom sleeve reading = 1 x 0.5 = 0.5 mm
Reading on thimble scale align with horizontal line on sleeve = 16 x 0.01 = 0.16
mm

=
12.66 mm
2.
3.
Turorial 1
1. 2.

 Upper sleeve reading : 12 x 1 =


 Upper sleeve reading : 10 x 1 =  Bottom sleeve reading : 0.5 x 1
 Bottom sleeve reading: 0.5 x 1 =  Thimble reading : 35.5 x 0.01 =
 Thimble reading : 16 x 0.01 =
 Actual reading : mm
 Actual reading : mm
3. 4.

 Upper sleeve reading :  Upper sleeve reading :


 Bottom sleeve reading :  Bottom sleeve reading :
 Thimble reading :  Thimble reading :

 Actual reading :  Actual reading :


5. 6.

  Upper sleeve reading :


Upper sleeve reading :
  Bottom sleeve reading :
Bottom sleeve reading :
  Thimble reading :
Thimble reading :

  Actual reading :
Actual reading :
Vernier Caliper

 Precise measurement tool up to 0.02mm or o.o5mm graduation.

 Consist of 2 scales : Main scale and vernier scale.

 Able to measure:
 External diameter
 Internal diameter
 Depth
Measuring Internal Diameter

Use the inside


jaws of the
caliper as shown
Measuring External Diameter

Use the outside jaws of


the caliper as shown
Measuring Depth of a Hole

Use the depth


gauge of the
caliper as shown
Vernier caliper parts
Difference between 0.02 and 0.05mm graduation

 Vernier scale with o.o5mm


graduation

 Vernier scale with o.o2mm


graduation
1) Vernier caliper with 0.02 mm graduarion

 50 divisions on vernier scale = 49 mm skala utama


1 division = 49/50
= 0.98 mm.

 Difference for 1 division = 1 mm – 0.98 mm


= 0.02 mm

 Thus, 1 division on vernier scale equal to:


0.02 mm.
Example 1

 Main scale reading

= 42 x 1mm = 42.00 mm

 Vernier scale reading

= 16 x 0.02mm = 0.32mm

 Total reading (main scale + vernier scale) :

42.00 + 0.32 = 42.32 mm


Example 2

 Main scale reading


= 65 x 1 = 65.00 mm

 Vernier scale reading

= 39 x 0.02 = 0.78 mm

 Actual reading (main scale + vernier scale) :

65.00 + 0.78 = 65.78 mm


2) Vernier caliper with 0.05mm graduation

 1 division on vernier scale is :

20 division on linear scale = 19mm skala utama


1 division = 19/20.
Difference of division value = 1 – 0.95 mm
= 0.05mm.

 Thus each division on vernier scale = 0.05mm.


Example 1

Main scale reading = 25.00 mm

Vernier scale reading = 8 x 0.05 = 0.40 mm

Actual reading = 25.40 mm


Example 2

Main scale reading = 123.00 mm

Vernier scale reading = 15 x 0.05 = 0.75 mm

Actual reading = 123.75 mm


Vernier protractor

 function
▪ To measure angle precisely up to 5’ or 1/12.
▪ To mark or test an angle.
Vernier protractor parts

1. Blade
comes in various size ( 150mm or 300mm).

2. Dial
 consists of two scale :
▪ Main scale
unit is in degree (0  – 360 )

▪ Skala vernier
Divide into 12 division, each division equal to 5’ or 1/12
Numbered in every 3 division 15,30,45 and 60.
Example 1

 Main scale reading


= 64 00’

 Vernier scale reading

= 2 x 5’ = 10’

Actual reading = 64 10’


Example 2

 Main scale reading

= 20 00’

 Vernier scale
= 9 x 5’ = 45’

Actual reading = 2045’


End of Chapter 1

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