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32 views22 pages

Class 1

Uploaded by

f20210913
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CS F212: Database Systems

Today’s Class
 Course operational details
 Introduction
 overview of DBMS

CS F212 Database Systems 1


Course staff
• Instructor-in-charge : Prof. Yashvardhan Sharma ([email protected])
Instructor : Dr. Amit Dua ([email protected])
Lab Instructors : Devika S ([email protected]),
Shivam Lahoria ([email protected]),
Ramakant Upadhyay([email protected])

Group of Teaching Assistants

CS F212 Database Systems 2


General Info.
• Course website: https://nalanda-aws.bits-pilani.ac.in/
• Office Hrs: : Prof. Yashvardhan Sharma (6111-C) Wednesday (5:00-6:00pm)
Prof. Amit Dua (6120-K) Wednesday (4:00-5:00pm)

• Text Book: Silberschatz A, Korth H F, &Sudarshan S, Database System


Concepts, 7e, TMH, 2019.

http://www.db-book.com
http://www.mhhe.com/silberschatz
CS F212 Database Systems 3
Reference Books
• Ramakrishna R. & Gehrke J.
Database Management Systems, 3e, Mc-Graw Hill, 2014.
http://www/cs.wisc.edu/~dbbook

• Elmarsi R, & Navathe S B.


Fundamental of Database System, 7e, Pearson Education, 2016.
http://www.aw.com/cssupport

CS F212 Database Systems 4


Course Salient features
• Emphasis on theoretical concepts and implementation
details
• Foundational concepts
• ER-Modeling+Relational Model + Normalization
• Query Language – RA, SQL
• Application Development
• Database System Implementation
• Database design and tuning
• Structured labs & Project Assignments
• Reading Assignments

CS F212 Database Systems 5


Why Study Databases?? ?
• Simply fascinating
• Commercially very relevant !!
• DBMS encompasses most of CS
• OS, languages, theory, AI, multimedia, logic
• Significance of Databases with Internet
• Datasets increasing in diversity and volume.
• Numeric and Textual Databases
• Multimedia Databases
• Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
• Data warehousing, Data mining, Business Intelligence, DSS
• Digital libraries, interactive video, Human Genome project
• ... need for DBMS exploding

CS F212 Database Systems 6


Tsunami of Data
• Telecom data ( 4.6 bn mobile subscribers)
 There are 3 Billion Telephone Calls in US each day,
30 Billion emails daily, 1 Billion SMS, IMs.
 IP Network Traffic: up to 1 Billion packets per hour per router. Each ISP has many
(hundreds) routers!
• WWW
• Weblog data (160 mn websites)
• Email data
• Satellite imaging data
• Social networking sites data
• Genome data
• CERN’s LHC (15 petabytes/year)
Tsunami of Data
• No. of pics on Facebook
• 15 bn unique photos
• 60 bn photos stored (4 sizes)
 Imageshack (20 bn)
• Photobucket (7.2 bn)
• Flickr (3.4 bn)
• Multiply (3 bn)
What we Study in this course?? ?
• Foundations
• Data Models: ER, Relational Models
• Query languages : RA, SQL
• Design & Development
• Normalization, Application Development
• Efficiency & Scalability
• Indexing
• Query evaluation
• Concurrency & Robustness
• Transaction Management – concurrency, recovery
• Advanced Database Concepts – XML,JSon Data
Warehousing, Data Mining, Big Data, NOSQL
CS F212 Database Systems 9
Who
Who Needs
Needs Database
Database Systems
Systems

Typical Applications:
Corporate databases Personnel management
Inventory and purchase order
Insurance policies and customer data
……

Web data management Typical Applications:


Web page management
Personalize web pages
……

CS F212 Database Systems 10


Examples of Database Applications
• Purchases from the supermarket
• Purchases using your credit card
• Booking a holiday at the travel agents
• Using the local library
• Taking out insurance
• Using the Internet
• Studying at university

CS F212 Database Systems 11


Database Definition

Database: collection of related data


Data: recorded facts with meaning

1. Represents real-world (mini world)


2. Well planned, clear, and some meaning
3. For a purpose

Any size and complexity


What is a Database, DBMS, Database Systems?
• A very large, integrated collection of structured
data.
• Gigabytes (230 or 109), Terabytes, Petabytes
• Models real-world enterprise.
• Entities (e.g., students, courses)
• Relationships (e.g., Mohan is taking ISC332)
• A Database Management System (DBMS) is a
software package designed to store and manage
large databases with complex features.
• Goal : Store and Retrieve database information
conveniently and efficiently

CS F212 Database Systems 13


Basic Definitions

• Database System: The DBMS software together with the data


itself. Sometimes, the applications are also included.

database system
database
Application
Application
DBMS
DBMS data
catalog

e.g., the student records database system

CS F212 Database Systems 14


Typical DBMS Functionality
• Define a database: in terms of data
types, structures and constraints
• Construct or Load the Database on a secondary storage
medium DBMS
DBMS
• Manipulating the database: querying, generating reports,
insertions, deletions and modifications to its content
• Concurrent Processing and Sharing by a set of users and
programs – yet, keeping all data valid and consistent
• Other features:
• Protection or Security measures to prevent unauthorized
access

CS F212 Database Systems 15


Relational DBMS
• Based on a paper by Ted Codd in 1970
• Queries could be expressed in a very high-level language, which greatly increases
the efficiency of DB programmers

• accountNo balance type


12345 1000.00 savings
67890 2846.92 checking

• SELECT balance FROM Accounts WHERE accountNo=67890;


• SELECT accountNo FROM Accounts WHERE type=‘savings’ AND balance<1200;

CS F212 Database Systems 16


University Database

Courtesy: T1, Elmasri & Navathe


Design an Application

1. Requirement specification and analysis


– Conceptual design

2. Logical design
– Relational DBMS

3. Physical design
What
WhatisisininaaDatabase?
Database?
• A database contains information about a particular
enterprise or a particular application.
• E.g., a database for an enterprise may contain everything
needed for the planning and operation of the enterprise:
customer information, employee information, product
information, sales and expenses, etc.
• You don’t have to be a company to use a database: you can
store your personal information, expenses, phone numbers
in a database (e.g., using Access on a PC).
• As a matter of fact, you could store all data pertinent to a
particular purpose in a database.
• This usually means that a database stores data that are
related to each other.

CS F212 Database Systems 19


Database
DatabaseDesign
Design

ARC database:
BITS
students: names, IDNO, PRNo, … db designer 1
courses: course-no, course-names, …
classroom: number, location, …

SWD database: db designer 2

classroom: number, location, …


office: number, location, …
faculty-residence: building-no, …
student-residence: room-no, …

CS F212 Database Systems 20


Ques

We can use C++/Java to write a data, read and update the


data. Why need a new software and a fresh approach?
Attendance

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