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Lesson 8 Job Design, Individual Motivation

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33 views

Lesson 8 Job Design, Individual Motivation

Uploaded by

Anthony
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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JOB DESIGN

• JOB; A position or a group of positions and similar as regards the kind and content of work
• Job design is a systematic approach to creating jobs that are both motivating for
employees and add value o the organization
• It involves ensuring:
 the content of a job in terms of its duties and responsibilities are ok
 the methods to be used in carrying out the job are good
 relationship that should exist between the job holder and his superiors, subordinates and
colleagues are in order
• Job redesign: refers to changing the tasks or the tasks or the way the work is performed in
an existing job.
• To effectively design jobs one must thoroughly understand the job as it exists through job
analysis and its place in larger work unit .
Elements/ forms of a good job design
• Job rotation
• Job enlargement
• Job enrichment
• Self management teams
• JOB SIMPLIFICATION
Job rotation
• This the movement of employees from one task to another to reduce monotony by increasing variety:
ADVANTAGES:
• Promotes flexibility
• Helps relieve stress
• Employee learning,
• more versatile
• Broader understanding of business hence become better
• Employer learns the employee strengths
• Flexible and knowledgeable workforce that can be sourced throughout the company
• Employee motivation-reduces boredom, more knowledge of company
Benefits:
• productivity
• Reduces leave of absences,
• job security,
• pride in their jobs
• satisfaction,
• health benefit,
• reduces stress of average work day
Job enlargement
• Combining previously fragmented tasks into one job, again to
increase the variety and meaning of repetitive work.
Advantages:
• Motivates,
• improves learning capacity,
• wide range of activities,
• increases the skill of employees,
• wide range of activities hence saves company money
JOB ENRICHMENT
• Job enrichment: assigning additional responsibility/ redesigning jobs
so that they are more challenging to employee and avoid less
repetitiveness to derive meaning .
Ways of job enrichment
• adding extra tasks( job enlargement),
• increasing skill variety,
• adding meaning to job,
• creating autonomy,
• giving feedback
Advantages of job enrichment
 boosts morale,
 Motivates
 Efficiency
 minimizes layers of management
 employees learn more vertical skills that equip them for a higher level position,
 Mental stimulating due to authority
 Focus on tasks
 Better career opportunities
 Autonomy to employees in decision making
 Maximizing the interest and challenge of work by providing the employees with a job that has these
characteristics
 Affords employees much variety, decision making responsibility and control as possible in carrying out the work
 Provides direct feedback through the work itself on how well the employees is doing his job
• Reduces repetitive work
• Increases employees feelings of recognition and achievement
• Provide opportunities for employee advancement i.e promotions into jobs
requiring more skills
• Provide opportunities for employee growth e.g increase in skills and knowledge
without a job promotion
• Learn new skills
• Reduce boredom
• Creates a better work environment
• Higher job satisfaction
• Better utilization of skills
Disad:
• lack of preparation because of lack skills or experience’
• Heavier workload
• Clash with non participants e.g feeling of disconnect,
• Poor performance as a result of heavier workload
Self management teams
 Autonomous work groups whose members determine plan and manage day-day activities
under no supervision
 Wider range of operative skills, decides on methods of work and the planning.,
scheduling and work control, distributes tasks itself among its members and monitors its
own performance.
 Benefits:
 improved quality,
 greater flexibility,
 reduced operating costs,
 faster response to technological change,
 better response to workers values
 increased commitment
Characteristics of self managed teams
• Joint responsibility
• Interdependence
• Empowerment
• Common goal
• Efficiency
• Participation
• Accomplishment
• Open minded
JOB SIMPLIFICATION:
Breaking down jobs into very small parts
Advantages:
• Employee paid higher rewards
• Productivity higher’
• Achieves specialization

Disad:
• Likely to bore a worker and remain absent frequently
• Quality and quantity compromised due to frustration
• Organization may have to attract workers by offering higher wages
Individual motivation

• Self motivation is the ability to drive oneself to take initiative


and action to pursue goals and complete tasks. It's an inner
drive to take action — to create and to achieve. It's what
pushes you to keep going on tasks, especially those you're
pursuing because you want to, not because someone told you
to.
How to self motivate
• Dream- its only when you see where you want to go you will be able to
achieve
• Make concrete plans – realistic goals
• Positive attitude-boosts ones confidence
• Consistency-regularity in your actions
• Procrastinate-Do not delay your days work
• No quiting
• Time management
• Breaktasks into smaller parts
• Reward yourself

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