FEDERAL POLYTHECNIC

BAUCHI,BAUCHI.
SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
AND TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND
ELECTRONICS TECHNOLOGY

AUTOMATED SMART BLIND STICK

FOR THE VISUALLY IMPAIRED.

DANJUMA ELKANNAH WUDELWE

(FTB/EEET/HND/21/142559)
BITRUS SOLOMON
(FPTB/EEET/HND/21/142556)
Mr.Idiege Augustine Oko
De SUPERVISOR
INTRODUCTION
 Outwardly, disabled individuals are individuals who think that it’s hard to
perceive the littlest detail with sound eyes.

 The standard and old-fashioned courses help for individuals with visual
shortcomings are the walking stick (similarly called white stick or stick) and
guide canines which are depicted by various imperfections (Tirupal, Murali,
Sandeep, Kumar & Kumar, 2021).

 We are providing a solution to this by presenting the “Smart Blind Stick”. This
stick consists of various sensors like an ultrasonic sensor, a water sensor with a
GPS-GSM module, and with Atmega328 microcontroller.
PROBLEM STATEMENT
a) Blind people can’t easily recognize obstacles or stairs while using
normal blind stick.

b) No safety features on the normal blind stick, Blind person has

trouble to maintain daily activity, lots of difficulties get raised while
they are travelling from one place to another place.
AIM AND OBJECTIVES
AIM
The main aim of this project is to design and fully implement automatic

smart blind stick for the blind people.

i. To develop a prototype hardware for modern blind stick.

ii. To find out the location of the blind using a GPS module.

iii. To be able to send SMS and also detect moisture along the path of the blind.
PROJECT SCOPE AND
LIMITATIONS
The scope of this project focuses on the visually impaired and
deaf person’s having sight issues and trouble navigating.

The limitations are as follows:

• Occasional false alarm .

• Electronic interference from other devices that may sometimes occur.

LITERATURE REVIEW
Problem Proposed
S/N Authors identified Methodology Result Limitation solution
Elsonbaty The main aim It is a development of the traditional blind stick as it acts as 1)Both indoor and 1)The battery To make use
1 (2021) is to make new a companion for the blind when walking by sending audio outdoor navigation are must be of a renewable
technology alerts to the blind via a headphone connected to the phone possible with the charged. energy power
easier to use with obstacles (water/walls/stairs / muddy ground) and also device. 2) If the stick supply such as
for visually enables him to make a phone call to ask for help. EasyEda 2)The location of a is not charged, a solar plate
disabled software was used for designing and simulating electrical blind person may be it will not and a high
people. circuits, was used to model the electric circuit. This system monitored at any time, work. amp hour
functions similarly to a white cane in that it assists blind providing added battery that
people in scanning their surroundings for obstacles or security. last for long.
orientation marks. This system will be mounted on a white 3)Detects obstacles and
cane with an ultrasonic sensor, and a water sensor to detect notifies the blind
changes in the environment. Ultrasonic sensors detect person through
obstacles in front of it using ultrasonic wave reflection, vibration and speech
water detection sensors detect whether there is a puddle. production.
Literature Review Cont’d
Problem Proposed
S/N Authors identified Methodology Result Limitation solution
Grover et Smart Blind The blind stick is integrated with three ultrasonic sensors, panic switch, 1.The physically 1. There is a 1). OpenCV
2 al., (2020) Stick is a fully navigation switch, and Bluetooth and soil moisture detector along with Arduino impaired person requirement of can be used
automated as UNO. The three ultrasonic sensors are used to detect obstacles ahead using is taught the a prior training to recognize
well as manually ultrasonic waves. On sensing obstacles, the sensor passes this data to the person positions of the of the blind faces and
operated, easy to through the microphone device. The navigation process is implemented by buttons present in person in order object in
maintain, cheap smart stick with Global Positioning System (GPS) for the blind, which will the smart blind to use the front of
and comfortable detect the obstacle and hurdle in the path and also determine the position and stick. 2. The device. 2.The visually
to use device. It location through GPS coordinates. The technologies used for the device include owner should device cannot impaired and
is an innovative embedded C language for programming and coding, Atmega328 have an Android recognize alert them.
device designed microcontroller is used which is a low power CMOS microcontroller, GSM phone so that the objects.
for visually (Global System for Mobile Communication) for voice communication, installed 3.The device
disabled people Bluetooth to connect microphone with the device and GPS (Global Positioning application can can’t
for refined System) to interface with device for navigation. It is not an effortless task for a be used. differentiate
navigation and blind person to use this device with complete accuracy as it requires a between person
advanced necessary training to help the user understand the information and to react to or object; it
obstacle them in real time. will simply
detection. sense there is
an obstacle.
Literature Review Cont’d
Problem identified Proposed
S/N Authors Methodology Result Limitation solution
A.S Physical movement is a challenge The emergency button at the top aims to facilitate 1.The 1.The 1). The
3 Romadhon for visually impaired persons, the user when in dangerous conditions, the GPS process of process of module
et al because it can become tricky to module will provide coordinates to the GSM connecting connecting used to
(2020) distinguish where he is, and how module and later it will be forwarded to the the neo6 m the GPS detect
to get where he wants to go from android device, the installation of the pulse hart GPS module module to a obstacle
one place to another. they usually sensor at the top aims to read the heartbeat of the to a satellite satellite can be
use their hearing senses for user so the heart rate can be known that the user requires a requires a adjusted so
navigation assistance in their condition. Figure 4.1. The final result Overall considerable considerable as to detect
daily activities, but if they are system testing involves all components in the time of time of about from little
only use the sense of hearing it smart stick system that has been well integrated, about 5 5 minutes, more
will be dangerous for their safety, to find out all the components have worked we minutes, especially if distance.
so it needed to develop an can see the results of reading all components on especially if the GPS
intelligent and smart stick to the serial monitor such as ultrasonic sensors, the GPS module is in
assist and alert visually impaired water detection sensors, heart rate sensors, GSM module is in a confined
persons from obstacles and give modules, DFplayer and SIM800l modules. a confined space.
information about their location. space.
METHODOLOGY

Block diagram of proposed system.

System Flow Chart
CONCLUSION
Automatic blind aid is an innovative way to reduce the user
from related hazards. This project if properly implemented will
help reduce the above stated problem. Therefore, it can be c
oncludat fingerprint and GSM based security system will be a
better alternative to using exam paper card to efficiently reduce
the chance of impersonation d durinion during