Motivation/Prompting

Questions
Directions: Write 10 definitions of the word found inside the Cloud Callout box. Right after,
reflect on the questions that follow.
Definitions:
BLUNDERS

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Follow-up Questions:
•What do you think are the causes of blunders?
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•What are the possible ways to avoid blunders?
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•How do you think blunders affect communication?
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________.
Communication
 Is guided by culture and context.
 It is predicted by the type of culture dictated
by its context.
 Culture
is manifested in our actions and affects how
we tell the world who we are and what we tell
believe in.
It is also the basis for how we behave in a
certain communication context.
 verbal communication
is always accompanied by non-verbal cues
such as gestures, facial expressions, and other
body movements that add to what you are
saying in different ways.
American vs. Japanese

It is very normal for Americans to

shake hands as a form of greetings
but not for a Japanese who bow
when they greet each other
 Nodding means
YES in some
nationalities like Indians
and Latin Americans, but
in other countries like
Syria, Turkey, and Nodding does not always mean YES.

Greece “nodding” means

NO.
According to Bennett and Bennett (2004), the developmental model of
intercultural sensitivity (DMIS) has six stages which are as follows:
Stage 1: Denial The individual does not recognize cultural
differences
Stage 2: Defense The individual starts top recognize cultural
differences and is intimidated by them
Stage 3: Minimization Although the individual sees cultural differences,
he/she banks more on the universality of ideas
than cultural differences
Stage 4: Acceptance The individual begins to appreciate important
cultural differences in behaviors and eventually in
values.
Stage 5: Adaptation The individual becomes very open to world views
when accepting new perspectives
Stage 6: Integration The individual starts to go beyond his/her own
culture and sees himself/herself the actions based
on multifarious cultural viewpoints.
 “Use words that are free from gender prejudice and
“Ways to avoid
unfair assumptions. Words must not influence the audience
in any particular or unfair direction”.
Gender-Biased
Language”

Sexiest Language Neutral

1. Substitute gender-biased pronouns with articles/determiner.
Chairman Chair/ Chairperson Sexist: Every employee is entitled to his 13th month pay.
Non- sexist: Every employee is entitled to a 13th month pay.
2. Use plural pronouns instead of singular pronouns.
Salesman Salesperson
Sexist: Each employee must submit his proposal next week.
Non-sexist: All employee must submit their proposal next
Congressman Legislator week.
3. Use either/or pronouns (he/she, his/her, his/hers). However, avoid
Spokesman Spokesperson putting men first all the time.
Sexist: Every applicant must fill out his own application form.
Foreman Supervisor Non-sexist: Every applicant must fill out his/her own
application form.
Stewardess Flight Attendant 4. Use second person pronoun (you, your) over third person
pronoun (he, she). Be careful not to change the meaning of the
Waitress Server statement.
Sexist: The sales manager should prepare his marketing
proposal for our new product.
Policeman Police Officer
Non-sexist: You should prepare your marketing proposal for
our new product.
Fireman Firefighter 5. Use appropriate titles
Sexist: Dear Sir (unknown addressee)
Businessman Business Executive Non-sexist: Attention: HR Manager

Manpower Workforce
 You may fail to communicate
Body Language used in
Intercultural Communication effectively if rules and norms of
communication are abandoned.
 Body language is a form of
non-verbal communication in
which visible body language
communicates particular
messages, either in place of,
or in conjunction with speech.

A. Shaking Hands

In the Philippines and America, the cultural gesture of

shaking hands upon greeting is considered the norm when doing a
person-to-person introduction. In fact, to refuse a handshake is
considered a very rude gesture. In Saudi Arabia, you can shake a
man’s hand after meeting him but you cannot shake a woman’s
hand at all in greeting.
B. A- OK sign The A-OK hand gesture in America
and England is quite popular and
considered a general gesture that
denotes an agreement of sentiment.
However, this gesture in Brazil is
the equivalent of using your middle
finger. Likewise, this sign is taken
as an insult in most Latin American
countries, Austria, and France.
C. Thumbs-up!
 The thumbs up gesture can be an
equivalent to the OK gesture and is
widely used within America,
England, and the Philippines. In the
Americas excluding the United
States, Thumbs-Up can be denoted as
a sexual insult and correlates to the
middle finger.
D. Sitting with crossed legs

This is common in North America

and European countries, but it is
considered disrespectful in Asia
and the Middle East where a
straight and balanced posture
prevails as the norm.
E. Pointing using the lips

In some cultures - Filipino, Native

American, Puerto Rican, and many
Latin American cultures - people use
their lips to point, instead of a finger.
In the West, people often kiss when
they meet or when they say goodbye;
in many Asian countries, it is
considered too intimate of an action
to be displayed in public.
 Enhancing Oral Communication in a Multicultural
Setting

1.Learn Foreign Phrases

2. Use simple words
3. Speak slowly and enunciate clearly
4. Observe eye messages
5. Encourage accurate feedback
6. Check frequently for comprehension
7. Accept blame
8. Listen without interrupting
9. Smile when appropriate
10. Follow up in writing
Developing Written Communication to Multicultural
Audiences

1. Consider Local Styles

2. Observe titles and Status
3. Use short sentences and short paragraphs
4. Avoid ambiguous expressions
*Idioms
*Figurative clichés
*Slang
*Acronym
*Abbreviation
*Jargon
5. Strive for Clarity
6. Grammar
7. Cite Numbers carefully
*Spell out

8. Accommodate the reader in organization, tone, and style

 Phrasal verbs with clear single words:
Phrasal verbs Sample Sentence Substitution
add up Rex added up the even numbers. Calculated
Call off The President ordered to call off the meeting. Cancel
Carry on The lecturer will carry on the review despite of power interruption. Continue

Carry out Jem carried out the experiment in the laboratory. Executed
Get across The students could not get their message across due to their limited vocabulary. Communicate

Hold up The engineers cannot hold up their contracts, else they will lose the projects Delay

Make up The teachers were not allowed to make up the documents. Fabricate
Point out The chemist point out the chemical exposure is harmful to people. Explain

Turn down The architect turned down the project due to some work-related problems. Rejected

Come up with The information technologists come up with a new program that makes the Invented
enrolment procedure easier and faster.
Look into Marketing officers look into different strategies that can satisfy their customers. Research

See to The media person would see to the privacy of the informant. Arrange
THANK
YOU!
Exercises/Activities (Individual Activity)

 A. Directions: Have you ever experienced talking to someone and

ended with a fight? Share it with us by transcribing them on the
spaces provided below.
B. Instructions: Identify different words, greetings, and expressions used in
at least three local
languages. Be able to explain the context of their use. Follow the chart below.

Words and Local Languages

Expressions
 Assignment (Individual Activity)

Instructions: You are writing an email to a researcher or an agency requesting

for you to adapt a research instrument. You will need this badly for you to save
yourself from devising your own. What will be the content of your request? Write it on
a short bond paper (handwritten) and submit it the following meeting.