Industry 4.

0 in Mechanical Engineering

Chapter 1 Introduction
Prof. Lưu Thanh Tùng
 Industry 4.0 in Mechanical Engineering

Assessment
1. Attend the class, problems. 20%
2. Project + Presentation. 30%
3. Final Exam. 50%
 Industry 4.0 in Mechanical Engineering

Content
1. What Is Industry 4.0

2. Industry 4.0 Conception

3. Industry 4.0 Components

4. Industry 4.0: Design Principles

5. Impact of Industry 4.0

 Industry 4.0 in Mechanical Engineering

What Is Industry 4.0

- Industry 4.0 is a collective term for technologies and concepts of
value chain organization.
- The term “Industry 4.0” was introduced in Germany in 2011,

- The term “Industry 4.0” is used for the industrial revolution taking
place currently
 Industry 4.0 in Mechanical Engineering

What Is Industry 4.0

- The first industry was the introduction of mechanical production
facilities starting in the second half of the eighteenth century.
- The introduction of electricity and the division of labor (i.e.,
Taylorism) in the 1870s led to the second industrial revolution.
- The third industrial revolution, also called “the digital revolution,”
started in the 1970s, when advanced electronics and information
technology (IT) developed the automation of production
processes
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RPC7yo99Nxs&t=64s
 Industry 4.0 in Mechanical Engineering

What Is Industry 4.0

Industry 4.0 is revolutionizing the way companies manufacture,
improve and distribute their products. Manufacturers are integrating
new technologies, including Internet of Things (IoT), cloud
computing and analytics, and AI and machine learning into their
production facilities and throughout their operations
 Industry 4.0 in Mechanical Engineering

What Is Industry 4.0

Industry 4.0 refers to the intelligent networking of machines and
processes in industry with the help of information and communication
technologies.
- Flexible production

- Customer-oriented solutions.

- Optimized logistics.
 Industry 4.0 in Mechanical Engineering

What Is Industry 4.0

Industry 4.0 refers to the intelligent networking of machines and
processes in industry with the help of information and communication.

The essence of Industry 4.0 is the introduction of network-linked

intelligent systems to achieve self regulating production: in this new
workplace, people, machines, equipment and products will communicate
with one another.
Industry 4.0 in Mechanical Engineering

What Is Industry 4.0

 Industry 4.0 in Mechanical Engineering

What Is Industry 4.0

Big Data and Analytics

- The first of the nine pillars is big data and analytics.

- Analytics based on large data sets have recently emerged in the manufacturing
world; such analytics optimize production quality, save energy, and improve
equipment service.
- In the Industry 4.0 context, the collection and comprehensive evaluation of data
from many different sources (production equipment and systems as well as
enterprise- and customer-management systems) will become a standard support
in real-time decision-making.
 Industry 4.0 in Mechanical Engineering

What Is Industry 4.0

Autonomous Robots

- Manufacturers in many industries have long used robots to tackle complex

assignments, but robots are evolving for even greater utility. They are becoming
more autonomous, flexible and cooperative.
- They will interact with one another and work safely side by side with humans
and learn from them
 Industry 4.0 in Mechanical Engineering

What Is Industry 4.0

Simulation

- These simulations will leverage real-time data to mirror the physical world in a
virtual model, which can include machines, products and humans.
- This will allow operators to test and optimize the machine settings for the next
product in line in the virtual world before the physical changeover, thereby
reducing machine setup times and increasing quality.
 Industry 4.0 in Mechanical Engineering

What Is Industry 4.0

Horizontal and Vertical System Integration

With Industry 4.0, companies, departments, functions and capabilities will become
much more cohesive, as cross-company, universal data-integration networks
evolve and enable truly automated value chains
 Industry 4.0 in Mechanical Engineering

What Is Industry 4.0

Industrial IoT

- With the Industrial IoT, more devices (sometimes including even unfinished
products) will be enriched with embedded computing and connected using
standard technologies.
- This will allow field devices to communicate and interact both with one another
and with more centralized controllers, as necessary.
 Industry 4.0 in Mechanical Engineering

What Is Industry 4.0

Cybersecurity

Many companies still rely on unconnected or closed management and production

systems. With the increased connectivity and the use of the standard
communications protocols accompanying Industry 4.0, the need to protect critical
industrial systems and manufacturing lines from cybersecurity threats increases
dramatically.
 Industry 4.0 in Mechanical Engineering

What Is Industry 4.0

The Cloud

- Companies are already using cloud-based software for some enterprise and
analytics applications, but with Industry 4.0, more production-related undertakings
will require increased data sharing across sites and company boundaries.
- At the same time, the performance of cloud technologies will improve, achieving
reaction times of just several milliseconds. As a result, machine data and
functionality will increasingly be deployed in the cloud, enabling more data-driven
services for production systems. Even systems that monitor and control
processes may become cloud-based.
 Industry 4.0 in Mechanical Engineering

What Is Industry 4.0

Additive Manufacturing

Companies have just begun to adopt additive manufacturing, such as 3-D

printing, which they use mostly to prototype and produce individual components.
With Industry 4.0, these additive-manufacturing methods will be widely used to
produce small batches of customized products that offer construction advantages,
such as complex, lightweight designs.
 Industry 4.0 in Mechanical Engineering

What Is Industry 4.0

Augmented Reality

- Augmented-reality-based systems support a variety of services, such as

selecting parts in a warehouse and sending repair instructions over mobile
devices.
- For example, workers may receive instructions on how to replace a particular
part as they are looking at the actual system needing repair. This information
may be displayed directly in their field of vision using devices such as
augmented-reality glasses.
 Industry 4.0 in Mechanical Engineering

Industry 4.0 Components

Internet of Things

- The integration of the IoT with the Internet of Services (IoS) in the manufacturing
process initiated the fourth industrial revolution.
- The IoT allows “things” and “objects,” such as RFID, sensors, actuators and
mobile phones, to “interact with each other and cooperate with their neighboring
‘smart’ components, to reach common goals”.
 Industry 4.0 in Mechanical Engineering

Industry 4.0 Smart Factories

A factory that context-aware assists people and machines in execution of
their tasks.

- Based on the definitions stated above for CPS and the IoT, the smart factory can
be defined as a factory where CPS communicate over the IoT and assist people
and machines in the execution of their tasks.
- An example of a smart factory is the WITTENSTEIN group’s production facility in
Fellbach, Germany. The facility is organized according to the principles of lean
production.
 Industry 4.0 in Mechanical Engineering

Problem
1. You are working in a manufacturing factory with a product of the fan. Let
describe the facts to meet the industry 4.0 such as custom oriented
product, flexible product and Logistics.
2. A factory https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CQhmIq9FESQ&t=37s with
industry 4.0, Let tell the where and what components are applied.
Let use internet to solve this problem.
Industry 4.0 in Mechanical Engineering

Industry 4.0 Design Principles

 Industry 4.0 in Mechanical Engineering

Industry 4.0 Design Principles

Interoperability

Interoperability means all CPS within a plant (workpiece carriers,

assembly station and products) are able to communicate with each
other “through open nets and semantic descriptions”

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tyuAWMgBM4E
 Industry 4.0 in Mechanical Engineering

Industry 4.0 Design Principles

Virtualization

Through virtualization, CPS are able to monitor physical processes.

Sensor data are linked to virtual plant models and simulation models,
creating a virtual copy of the physical world. In the Smart Factory KL
plant, the virtual model includes the condition of all CPS.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HKM14RmD100&t=144s
 Industry 4.0 in Mechanical Engineering

Industry 4.0 Design Principles

Decentralization

The rising demand for individual products makes it increasingly

difficult to control systems centrally. Embedded computers enable
CPS to make decisions on their own. Only in cases of failure are
tasks delegated to a higher level.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2IJja4VFy-o
 Industry 4.0 in Mechanical Engineering

Industry 4.0 Design Principles

Real-Time Capability

For organizational tasks, data must be collected and analyzed in real

time. In the SmartFactoryKL, the status of the plant and all its
equipment is permanently tracked and analyzed. Thus, the plant can
react to the failure of a machine and reroute products to another
machine.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aC1jVzBRKzU
 Industry 4.0 in Mechanical Engineering

Industry 4.0 Design Principles

Service Orientation

The services of companies, CPS and humans are available over the
IoS and can be utilized by other stakeholders. They can be offered
both internally and across company borders. The SmartFactoryKL
plant is based on a service-oriented architecture, wherein all CPS
offer their functionalities in an encapsulated web service. As a result,
the product-specific process operation can be based on the
customer-specific requirements provided by the RFID tag.
https://www.linkedin.com/learning/develop-a-service-orientation/definition-of-a-service-orientation-14162924
 Industry 4.0 in Mechanical Engineering

Industry 4.0 Design Principles

Modularity

Modular systems can flexibly adapt to changing requirements by

replacing or expanding individual modules. Therefore, modular
systems can be easily adjusted to accommodate seasonal
fluctuations or changed product characteristics.

https://www.festo.com/ph/en/e/solutions/industry-segments/process-i
ndustry/modular-automation-id_4801/
 Industry 4.0 in Mechanical Engineering

Industry 4.0 Servitization Framework

- The servitization literature commonly describes three categories of
services offered by manufacturing firms.
- Basic services are “outcome-focused on product provision,” e.g.,
spare parts.
- Intermediate services center on enhancing the product’s use and
condition, e.g., helpdesks or conditioning monitoring.
- Finally, advanced services are focused on the performance of the
product
 Industry 4.0 in Mechanical Engineering

Product Service-System (PSS)

- The concept of a PSS is a special case of servitization. A PSS can
be thought of as a market proposition that extends the traditional
functionality of a product by incorporating additional services.
- Here, the emphasis is on the “sale of use” rather than the “sale of
product.”
 Industry 4.0 in Mechanical Engineering

Product Service-System (PSS)

1. Product: a tangible commodity manufactured to be sold.
2. Service: an activity (work) done for others with an economic value
and often done on a commercial basis.
3. System: a collection of elements, including their relations.
 Industry 4.0 in Mechanical Engineering

Product-Oriented PSS (PoPSS)

Product-oriented PSS refers to physical products surrounded by
product-related services whose aim is to improve the functionality
and performance of the product and/or to manage its life cycle
 Industry 4.0 in Mechanical Engineering

Use-Oriented PSS (UoPSS)

Use-oriented PSS are aimed at offering the maximum possible
availability of the product to sell its effective use rather than its
property rights
 Industry 4.0 in Mechanical Engineering

Result-Oriented PSS (RoPSS))

This might mean, selling the whole management of some activities
(much like outsourcing), letting customers pay-per-service unit (e.g.,
per washed dress, instead of per washing machine sold) or per
functional result (e.g., transporting customer from point A to point B,
regardless of the time and fuel involved)
 Industry 4.0 in Mechanical Engineering

Problems
This is the process in the bottle
manufacturing factory
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/manu
facturing-process-vacuum-insulated-
stainless-steel-roy-hu
Let modify the equipment and
arrange them in order that the factory
become industry 4.0
 Industry 4.0 in Mechanical Engineering

Problems
1. Building the team of 5 persons. Showing the leader and members.
2. Working with the team. Using a computer connecting internet. Let
imagine there is a factory producing the mechanical products. The
products are details of a Engine. Let describe the factory in
industry 4.0 with requirements as follows.
a. Equipment and machines in the factory.
b. IOT in the factory. How to connect equipment and machines.
c. Let show the service orientation in the factory.
d. Modular systems in the manufacturing.