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AC Fuel Systems

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Chouaib Ben Boubaker
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11 views

AC Fuel Systems

Uploaded by

Chouaib Ben Boubaker
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Fuel System

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“An aircraft's fuel system has a more
profound effect on aircraft performance
than any other airframe system. Without
fuel, the mission inevitably comes to an
abrupt stop and, unless the flight crew is
very, very lucky, the ensuing forced landing
will cause severe or catastrophic aircraft
damage.”
Introduction

 An aircraft fuel system enables fuel to be loaded, stored,


managed and delivered to the propulsion system
(engine(s)) of an aircraft.
 Fuel systems differ greatly from aircraft to aircraft due to
the relative size and complexity of the aircraft in which
they are installed.
 In the most basic form. a fuel system will consist of a
single, gravity feed fuel tank with the associated fuel
lines connecting it to the aircraft engine.
Introduction

 In a modern, multi-engine passenger or cargo aircraft,


the fuel system is likely to consist of multiple fuel tanks
which may be located in the wings or the fuselage (or
both) and, in some cases, the empennage.
 Each tank will be equipped with internal fuel pumps and
have the associated valves and plumbing to feed the
engines, allow for refueling and defueling, isolate the
individual tanks and, in some applications, allow for fuel
dumping or for optimization of aircraft center of gravity
Fuel Systems

 The purpose of an aircraft fuel system is to store and deliver the


proper amount of clean fuel at the correct pressure to the engine
 Fuel systems should provide positive and reliable fuel flow through
all phases of flight including:
– Changes in altitude
– Violent maneuvers
– Sudden acceleration and deceleration
Fuel Systems

 Fuel systems should also continuously monitor system operations


such as:

– Fuel pressure

– Fuel flow

– Warning signals

– Tank quantity
Introduction

 The fuel system is designed to provide an uninterrupted


flow of clean fuel from the fuel tanks to the engine.

 The fuel must be available to the engine under all


conditions of engine power, altitude, attitude, and
during all approved flight maneuvers.

 Two common classifications apply to fuel systems in


small aircraft: gravity-feed and fuel-pump systems
(Pressure-Feed Systems)
Gravity-Feed System
Gravity-Feed System

 The gravity-feed system utilizes the force of gravity to transfer the


fuel from the tanks to the engine.
 For example, on high-wing airplanes, the fuel tanks are installed in
the wings. This places the fuel tanks above the carburetor, and the
fuel is gravity fed through the system and into the carburetor.
 If the design of the aircraft is such that gravity cannot be used to
transfer fuel, fuel pumps are installed. For example, on low-wing
airplanes, the fuel tanks in the wings are located below the
carburetor.
fuel-pump systems
fuel-pump systems

 Aircraft with fuel-pump systems have two fuel pumps.

 The main pump system is engine driven with an


electrically driven auxiliary pump provided for use in
engine starting and in the event the engine pump fails.
 The auxiliary pump, also known as a boost pump,
provides added reliability to the fuel system.
 The electrically driven auxiliary pump is controlled by a
switch in the flight deck.
Pressure-Feed Systems

 Pressure-Feed Systems require the use of a fuel pump to provide


fuel-pressure to the engine’s fuel-control component
 There are two main reasons these systems are necessary:
– The fuel tanks are too low to provide enough pressure from
gravity
– The fuel tanks are a great distance from the engine
 Also, most large aircraft with higher powered engines require a
pressure system regardless of the fuel tank location because of the
large volume of fuel used by the engines

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