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Power Quality Presentation

Power quality

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Praveenkumar Kanagaraj
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14 views

Power Quality Presentation

Power quality

Uploaded by

Praveenkumar Kanagaraj
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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THE PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION OF SHUNT ACTIVE POWER

FILTER WITH NEAT DIAGRAM


18EEE01-POWER QUALITY

BY,
RANJITH.M
18TUEE128
SHUNT ACTIVE POWER FILTER

Shunt active power filters (APFs) are used to compensate the power
quality problems of harmonic currents of various harmonics, such as
characteristic harmonics, non characteristic harmonics, inter harmonics,
and subharmonics, reactive current, fluctuating current, unbalanced
currents, and excessive neutral current.
PRINCIPLE OF SHUNT ACTIVE POWER FILTER

The principle of the shunt filter is to produce harmonic currents equal in magnitude but
opposite in-phase to those harmonics that are present in the grid.
Phase shift of the harmonic current is 180 degrees.
Non-linear load with SAPF becomes a linear load.
SAPF is a closed loop structure.
SAPF can compensate reactive power and can also mitigate harmonics and distortions.
I(comp)=I(load)-I(source).
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF SHUNT ACTIVE POWER
FILTER
BLOCKS IN SAPF

Different blocks in SAPF


 PWM Converter
Instantaneous power calculation block
Reference currents calculation block
 DC voltage regulator
PWM CONVERTER

PWM Converter Responsible for power processing.


Consists of VSC or CSC
To force the PWM converter act as a controlled voltage or current source.
VSC is made up of PE devices(GTO, IGBT…)
PE devices are fired based on the APF currents.
APF currents can be calculated using Hysteresis Controller method.
HYSTERESIS CONTROLLER

 Hysteresis Controller
 The method of controlling a VSC in such a way that the output current will be generated based
on reference current values.
 A reference value is kept and is compared with the two input of the controller.
 Based on the error between the 2 inputs and the reference value, signals are generated.
 Inputs to the controller can be taken in two different ways:

1. Direct control method.


2. Indirect control method.
INSTANTANEOUS POWER CALCULATION

Instantaneous Power Calculation


 The crucial part of SAPF which calculates the compensation currents. These currents are
calculates using “P-Q theory.”
 This Constant power control strategy was the first strategy developed for Active power
filters by Akagi et al. in 1983.
This theory uses Clarke’s transformation which consists of real matrix that transform
three phase ‘V’ or ‘I’ into αβγ stationary reference frames.
DC VOLTAGE REGULATOR

It consist of energy storage element such as Capacitor.


Main aim of having a capacitor is to supply real power difference between load and
source during the transient periods.
PI CONTROLLER
 PI controller is one of the most widely used controllers in applications for feedback
mechanisms.
 This is used to generate the signal P loss which is added to the real power calculations
. This loss can be the filter losses.
APPLICATIONS

The shunt filter is applied to three-phase four-wire systems, performing harmonic


current suppression, reactive power compensation and power factor improvement.
In addition, load unbalances compensation is also carried out. Two different control
strategies are presented.
CONCLUSION

Therefore I conclude that in power systems, passive filters are used to suppress
harmonic currents and decrease voltage distortion appearing in sensitive parts of
the system.
Such a shunt configuration diverts harmonic currents to ground, and simultaneously
provide reactive power, which may be used to correct the power factor.

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