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1 Diabetes Basics

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Dr. Swarup Das
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10 views14 pages

1 Diabetes Basics

Uploaded by

Dr. Swarup Das
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DIABETES

DIABETES CARE
CARE TASKS
TASKS AT
AT SCHOOL:
SCHOOL:
What
What Key
Key Personnel
Personnel Need
Need to
to Know
Know

DIABETES BASICS

1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org
Goal: Optimal Student Health
and Learning

All school staff members


should have basic
knowledge of diabetes
and know who to contact
for help.

1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org
2
Learning Objectives

Participants will be able to understand:


• What is diabetes?
• Why care at school is required
• Basic components of diabetes care at school
• Short and long term consequences of diabetes

1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org
3
What is Diabetes?
In diabetes:
Body does not make or properly use insulin

Insulin is needed to:


Move glucose from blood into cells for energy

If insulin isn’t working, high blood glucose results:


Energy levels are low
Dehydration
Complications

1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org
4
Type 1 Diabetes
• Autoimmune disorder

• Insulin-producing cells destroyed

• Daily insulin replacement necessary

• Age of onset: usually childhood, young adulthood

• Most common type of diabetes in children and adolescents

1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org
5
Type 1 Diabetes

ONSET: relatively quick

increased urination increased thirst


SYMPTOMS: tiredness hunger
weight loss dry skin
blurred vision

uncertain, both genetic and


CAUSE: environmental factors

1-800-DIABETES 6 www.diabetes.org
Type 2 Diabetes

Insulin resistance – first step


Age at onset:
• Most common in adults
• Increasingly common in youth
− overweight
− inactivity
− genes
− ethnicity

1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org
7
Type 2 Diabetes

ONSET: variable timeframe


for children

tired, thirsty, hunger,


SYMPTOMS: increased urination
• some children show no
symptoms at diagnosis
• others are symptomatic
with very high blood
glucose levels

1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org
8
Diabetes is Managed,
But it Does Not Go Away.

GOAL:
Maintain target
blood glucose

1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org
9
Diabetes Management
Constant Juggling - 24/7
Insulin/
medication
with: BG

BG Physical
activity
and

Food
BG intake
1-800-DIABETES 10 www.diabetes.org
Diabetes Management
Routine Care:
• Many students will be able to handle all or almost all
routine diabetes care by themselves
• Some students will need school staff to perform or
assist with routine diabetes care

Emergency Care:
• ALL students with diabetes will need help in the event
of an emergency situation

1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org
11
Care in the Schools:
School Nurses and Others
A School nurse is most appropriate to:
• Coordinate diabetes care
• Supervise diabetes care
• Provide direct care (when available)
• Communicate about health concerns to parent/guardian and health care
team
However, a school nurse is not always available.
Non-medical school staff can be trained to assist
students:
• For both routine and emergency care
• Including insulin and glucagon administration
1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org
12
Diabetes Medical Management Plan (DMMP)
• Basis for all school-based diabetes care plans
• Developed by student’s personal health care team and
parent/guardian
• Signed by a member of student’s personal health care team
• Individualized
• Implemented collaboratively by the school diabetes team:
- School nurse
- Student
- Parent/guardian
- Other school personnel
1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org
13
Where to Get More Information

American Diabetes Association


1-800- DIABETES
www.diabetes.org

National Diabetes Education Program/NIH


www.ndep.nih.gov

1-800-DIABETES www.diabetes.org
14

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