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Module 3

Uploaded by

btabuae
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Around the world

ESL LECTURE AND ACTIVITIES: NEW CUTTING EDGE


Learning Outcomes:
- identify adjectives in texts. They will understand that adjectives are words used to describe
nouns and pronouns, adding detail and richness to descriptions.
- use adjectives effectively in their writing. They will practice choosing precise adjectives to
enhance their sentences, improving their ability to express detailed ideas.
- pay closer attention to the text’s descriptive elements, which can help them better visualize
and understand what they are reading.
- analyze how adjectives affect the tone, mood, and imagery in a text.
- learn to create more vivid and precise sentences, which are essential for effective
communication.
Language focus 1
Comparatives and Superlatives
A. Do the quiz below in groups or teams.
B. Listen and check your answers.
Note any answers you didn’t get.
Analysis
1. Revision of basic forms
A. What are the comparative and superlative forms of these adjectives?
Long Big Busy Popular Far
B. What are the rules for one-, two- and three- syllable adjectives? Can you think of two or more irregular adjectives
like far?
2. Big and small differences. Match the sentences to the correct picture
i. X is slightly higher than Y iii. X is little bit higher than Y
ii. X is much higher than Y iv. X is a lot higher than Y
3. Superlative phrases. Complete the missing words in the superlative phrases.
by far the biggest city _______ the world
second/third/fourth biggest city ______ the USA
one ______ the biggest cities.
Practice
Practice
3. Prepare a short presentation in your groups/pairs about the topic given below.
o Write down the name of a nearby country to compare with Kiribati. You can compare
everything that are different from the country you wish to choose and Kiribati.
Reading: Refer to the hand-out.
1. A TV programme asked its viewers to vote for ‘The top 100 places to visit before you die’. They
voted in the five categories listed below. Scan the text and answer these questions.

A. which place won in each category? Which country is it in?


B. Which ones have you heard of before? What do you already know about them?
C. Check these words in your dictionary. Which of the five places do you associate these things
with?
Reading
2. Work in pairs and find these pieces of information as quickly as you can.
Bonus note:
Comparatives – refer to moodle
Superlatives – refer to moodle
Irregular adjectives
Irregular Adjectives and Exceptions
Although there are several rules for writing in English, these rules often have irregularities and
exceptions. Sometimes, the deviants follow a pattern that makes them easy to spot, but this is
not the case for comparative and superlative adjectives.
Irregular adjectives
Adjectives are irregular when their comparative and superlative forms do not adhere to the rules.
Key answers:
Language focus 1:
1. a. Russia b. China 2. River Nile 3. Tokyo, Mexico, Mumbai, Sao Paulo, NY
4. Canada 5. a. Chicago b. Los Angeles 6. a. China b. Ireland c. India d. UK
◦ e. France f. Japan

Analysis
1. Revision of basic forms
A.
Long – longer/longest Big – bigger/biggest Busy – busier/busiest
Popular – more popular/the most popular Far – further/furthest, farther/farthest
Key answers
B. Rules for one- two- or three- syllable adjectives.
One syllable adjectives: adjective + -er/-est
Two syllable adjectives ending in –y: adjective + -er/-est
Other two- or three- syllable adj: more/the most + adj
Other irregular forms: good/better/best bad/worse/worst
Notes:
In one-syllable adjectives with short vowel sounds the final consonant doubles
(big > bigger > biggest) /bɪɡ/
Adjectives ending in –e , add –r / -est
(nice > nicer > nicest)
Adjectives ending in –y, -y changes to –i-
(pretty > prettier > prettiest)
Key answers
2. Big and Small Differences.
Important points to consider:
- much higher / a lot higher have the same meaning.
- opposite of a lot is a little bit ( it is also possible to say a little, but it is not possible to say a lot bit)
Picture a – X is slightly higher than Y; X is a little higher than Y
Picture b – X is much higher than Y; X is a lot higher than Y
3. Superlative Phrases
- by far the biggest city in the world -by far+adj – shows a big difference
- second/third/fourth biggest city in the USA
- one of the biggest cities
Key answers
Practice 1:
A. slightly longer B. most populated C. bit bigger D. fifth biggest
E. much longer F. lot further/farther G. much bigger H. more popular
I. the busiest J. most popular

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