Scribd
Upload
17 views

Lecture 1 Kinetics

Uploaded by

jitmanna3616
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
17 views

Lecture 1 Kinetics

Uploaded by

jitmanna3616
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 16

Aspects of Biochemical Engineering

Kinetics of substrate utilization, product formation and


biomass production of microbial cells-I

Dr. Srijoni Banerjee

1
Difference between Enzymatic and microbial reactions
Enzymes Microbes

 Globular proteins that catalyse a specific  Living organisms that carry out a broad spectrum of
reaction biochemical reactions

 Act on specific substrates  Act on variety of substrates

 Perform only at a particular pH and  Function at an optimal range of pH and temperature


temperature

 No ability to adapt to changing conditions or  Can adapt to changing environmental conditions or


substrate sources substrate sources

 Only substrate is required to carry out the  A growth medium is required comprising of carbon
reaction source, nitrogen source, vitamins, minerals etc.

 Can't repair themselves or reproduce.  Can reproduce and bounce2 back if damaged.
Kinetics of microbial cell growth
 The microbial biomass and product formation can be given as:

i.e.
 The rate of microbial growth is characterized by the net specific growth rate (
:

where, X is cell mass concentration, N is number of cells and t is time


 is the difference between gross specific growth rate ( and the rate of cell
death (
- 3
Kinetic models for microbial cell growth

http://www.cell.com/cms/
attachment/606915/4829793/gr1.jpg

4
Monod model
It is an unstructured-unsegregated model

Where, = specific growth rate,

max = maximum specific growth rate (L h-1),

KS = saturation constant and


S =limiting substrate concentration (g
L-1)
5
Limitations of Monod model

6
Microbial cell growth types
On the basis of mode of cultivation, microbial growth can be of three types:

Microbial Cell Growth

Batch Fed Batch Continuous

7
Batch growth
Phase Description Specific
growth rate

Lag Cell adapt to the new


environment, no or
very little growth
Log Growth achieves its
maximum rate

Stationary Growth ceases due to


starvation
Death Cell losses viability and
lyse

http://academic.pgcc.edu/~kroberts/Lecture/Chapter%206/06-
20_MicrobialGrowth_L.jpg

8
Batch growth Kinetics
This is an unsteady state operation where composition changes
with time

The cell mass (X) balance can be given as:

Input+ cell generation = Output + accumulation + cell death

0 + (X).V = 0+ + (X).V

Where, and are the rate of cell growth and cell death respectively.

For constant volume ‘V’, the above equation can be written as

… (1)

9
Batch growth Kinetics
If cell death is negligible as compared to growth, (==𝞵)

….(2)
In batch growth, remains approximately constant and approaches (as
S>>Ks)

Rearranging and integrating Eq. 2 we get,

… (3)

10
Batch growth Kinetics

(Doubling Time)

(Generation Time)

11
Batch growth Kinetics

….(4)
….(5)

12
Batch growth Kinetics

….(6)

Also,
From Eq. (4) and (6)

… (7)

Eq. (6) and (7) are used to obtain biomass and substrate
consumption profile

13
Estimation of Kinetic parameters

Lineweaver-Burk plot Eadie-Hofstee plot Hanes-Woolf plot


1 1 𝐾𝑆 1 𝞵 [𝑆 ] 𝐾𝑆 1
= + 𝞵= 𝞵 𝑚𝑎𝑥 − 𝐾 𝑆 = + [𝑆 ]
𝞵 𝞵 𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝞵 𝑚𝑎𝑥 [ 𝑆] [ 𝑆] 𝞵 𝞵 𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝞵 𝑚𝑎𝑥
14
Advantages and disadvantages of batch culture
Advantages Disadvantages

 It is easier to set up and maintain  Cannot hold the system in log phase for
long duration
 Can be used to study the life cycle of the  Lower productivity
microbes
 Lower capital investment  Requires high downtime for cleaning and
sterilization
 Reduced risk of contamination or cell  Safety problems when filling, emptying
mutation as the growth period is short and cleaning
 Useful for the production of secondary  Batch to batch variability
metabolites

15
Thank You!!

16

You might also like