BLEPT REVIEW

(PROF. ED)
CHILD ADOLESCENT AND
LEARNER’S DEVELOPMENT
BY: DR. JESSA TORIO-EUGENIO
FACULTY, Early Childhood Education
Department, PSU-Bayambang
 QUESTION #1
Which of the following best describes Jean Piaget's concept of "conservation"?

A. The ability to recognize that objects exist even when they cannot be seen
B. The understanding that quantities remain consistent despite changes in shape or arrangement
C. The ability to organize objects into hierarchies and categories
D. The ability to take the perspective of others
 QUESTION #2
Erik Erikson's stage of "Industry vs. Inferiority" primarily occurs during which developmental period?

A. Infancy
B. Early Childhood
C. School Age
D. Adolescence
 QUESTION #3
Lev Vygotsky is best known for his theory involving:

A. Stages of cognitive development

B. Psychosocial development
C. Social learning and the Zone of Proximal Development
D. Moral development stages
 QUESTION #4
According to Lawrence Kohlberg, which level of moral development is characterized by obedience to authority
to avoid punishment?

A. Pre-conventional
B. Conventional
C. Post-conventional
D. Autonomous
 QUESTION #5
Which of the following terms refers to the ability to understand and manage one's own emotions and to
understand and influence the emotions of others?

A. Emotional Intelligence
B. Social Intelligence
C. Cognitive Intelligence
D. Practical Intelligence
 QUESTION #6
In Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Systems Theory, the immediate environment in which a child directly interacts,
such as family and school, is known as the:

A. Microsystem
B. Mesosystem
C. Exosystem
D. Macrosystem
 QUESTION #7
Albert Bandura's concept of "self-efficacy" refers to:

A. A person's belief in their capability to perform a task

B. The ability to learn through observation
C. The influence of reinforcements on behavior
D. The internal conflict between desires and societal rules
 QUESTION #8
Which type of attachment is characterized by infants who seem indifferent to their caregiver's presence or
absence?

A. Secure attachment
B. Anxious-ambivalent attachment
C. Avoidant attachment
D. Disorganized attachment
 QUESTION #9
The term "scaffolding" in the context of education and development refers to:

A. Providing students with the answers to difficult questions

B. Building a physical structure to aid in learning
C. Offering support to learners which is gradually removed as they become more competent
D. Encouraging competition among students to promote learning
 QUESTION #10
Which of the following is NOT one of Gardner's Multiple Intelligences?

A. Linguistic Intelligence
B. Logical-Mathematical Intelligence
C. Spiritual Intelligence
D. Interpersonal Intelligence
 QUESTION #11
During which stage of Piaget's cognitive development do children begin to think logically about concrete
events?

A. Sensorimotor
B. Preoperational
C. Concrete Operational
D. Formal Operational
 QUESTION #12
Which of the following is an example of intrinsic motivation?

A. Studying to get a good grade

B. Reading a book for enjoyment
C. Completing chores to receive allowance
D. Playing a sport to win a trophy
 QUESTION #13
Which stage in Erikson's psychosocial development theory involves young adults seeking to form intimate
relationships?
A. Trust vs. Mistrust
B. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
C. Identity vs. Role Confusion
D. Intimacy vs. Isolation
 QUESTION #14
According to B.F. Skinner, which of the following is most effective for behavior modification?
A. Observation of others
B. Positive and negative reinforcement
C. Cognitive restructuring
D. Free association
 QUESTION #15
Which of the following describes a "secure attachment" in infants?
A. Avoidance of the caregiver upon return
B. Seeking comfort from the caregiver when distressed
C. Indifference to the caregiver's presence
D. Excessive dependence on the caregiver
 QUESTION #16
At what stage does Kohlberg's theory suggest that individuals begin to think about society's rules and laws in
terms of abstract principles and justice?]
A. Pre-conventional
B. Conventional
C. Post-conventional
D. Autonomous
 QUESTION #17
Which of the following best explains the concept of "egocentrism" in Piaget's theory of cognitive development?
A. The ability to understand another person's point of view
B. The inability to differentiate between one's perspective and that of others
C. The tendency to focus on the most striking feature of an object
D. The ability to understand abstract concepts
 QUESTION #18
Which stage of Freud's psychosexual development is characterized by the focus on pleasure centers on the
genitals?
A. Oral stage
B. Anal stage
C. Phallic stage
D. Latency stage
 QUESTION #19
In the context of learning theories, which of the following is most associated with B.F. Skinner?
A. Classical conditioning
B. Operant conditioning
C. Social learning theory
D. Cognitive development theory
 QUESTION #20
Which of the following is an example of "metacognition"?
A. Memorizing a list of words
B. Understanding the steps to solve a math problem
C. Thinking about how you are thinking and learning
D. Applying learned knowledge to a new situation
 QUESTION #21
What is the primary focus of Carol Gilligan's critique of Kohlberg's theory of moral development?
A. It overemphasizes justice and underemphasizes care
B. It overemphasizes cultural factors
C. It fails to account for cognitive development
D. It does not differentiate between genders
 QUESTION #22
What is the significance of "critical periods" in child development?
A. There are times when children are particularly resistant to learning
B. They are periods when certain types of learning are most effective
C. They are stages where children are most vulnerable to negative influences
D. They are phases when children achieve cognitive milestones at an accelerated rate
 QUESTION #23
Which of the following best characterizes Vygotsky's view on the role of language in cognitive development?
A. Language is primarily a tool for social interaction
B. Language plays a minimal role in cognitive development
C. Language is the foundation for all cognitive development
D. Language is developed independently of cognitive processes
 QUESTION #24
Which philosopher introduced the concept of "tabula rasa" to describe the mind at birth?
A. Jean-Jacques Rousseau
B. John Locke
C. Immanuel Kant
D. Sigmund Freud
 QUESTION #25
Which of the following is a key element of Maria Montessori's educational philosophy?
A. Rote memorization
B. Structured curriculum
C. Self-directed learning
D. Teacher-centered instruction
 QUESTION #26
What did Jean-Jacques Rousseau believe about children's natural development?
A. Children are born sinful and need strict discipline
B. Children should be taught through formal education as early as possible
C. Children are inherently good and should develop freely in a natural environment
D. Children's minds are blank slates that need to be filled with knowledge
 QUESTION #27
According to Erik Erikson, what is the primary developmental task of adolescence?
A. Developing a sense of trust
B. Achieving a sense of autonomy
C. Forming a coherent identity
D. Establishing intimate relationships
 QUESTION #28
Who introduced the concept of the "Zone of Proximal Development"?
A. Jean Piaget
B. Lev Vygotsky
C. Albert Bandura
D. B.F. Skinner
 QUESTION #29
Which of the following is a principle of Jerome Bruner's theory of cognitive development?
A. Fixed stages of development
B. Learning through reinforcement
C. Discovery learning and scaffolding
D. The unconscious mind drives behavior
 QUESTION #30
According to John Dewey, what is the primary purpose of education?
A. To prepare individuals for future employment
B. To transmit cultural heritage
C. To foster critical thinking and problem-solving skills
D. To instill discipline and order
 QUESTION #31
Which developmental theorist focused on the impact of early childhood experiences on personality
development?
A. B.F. Skinner
B. Jean Piaget
C. Sigmund Freud
D. Lev Vygotsky
 QUESTION #32
•Who emphasized the importance of unconditional positive regard in therapeutic settings?
•A. Sigmund Freud
•B. B.F. Skinner
•C. Carl Rogers
•D. Albert Bandura
 QUESTION #33
A 6-year-old child is struggling to complete a puzzle. According to Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal Development
(ZPD), what should a teacher do to best support the child?
A. Let the child figure it out on their own to encourage independence
B. Give the child the correct answer to prevent frustration
C. Provide hints and ask guiding questions to help the child complete the puzzle
D. Remove the puzzle and give the child a simpler task
 QUESTION #34
An adolescent is facing peer pressure to engage in risky behavior. According to Erikson's theory, what stage is
this individual likely navigating, and what is a potential positive outcome?
A. Industry vs. Inferiority; developing a sense of competence
B. Identity vs. Role Confusion; forming a strong sense of personal identity
C. Intimacy vs. Isolation; establishing intimate relationships
D. Generativity vs. Stagnation; contributing to society
 QUESTION #35
A teacher notices that some students are highly motivated by grades, while others seem to enjoy learning for its
own sake. Which motivational theory best explains this observation?
A. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
B. Self-Determination Theory
C. Skinner's Operant Conditioning
D. Gardner's Multiple Intelligences
 QUESTION #36
A 10-year-old child demonstrates advanced reasoning skills and enjoys solving complex problems but struggles
with social interactions. According to Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences, which two intelligences might
this child have a disparity between?
A. Linguistic and Interpersonal
B. Logical-Mathematical and Interpersonal
C. Spatial and Intrapersonal
D. Bodily-Kinesthetic and Naturalistic
 QUESTION #37
A student learns better through hands-on activities rather than lectures. According to Kolb's learning styles,
which style best describes this student?
A. Converging
B. Assimilating
C. Diverging
D. Accommodating
 QUESTION #38
A teacher observes that a student excels in group work but struggles with independent tasks. According to
Bandura's social learning theory, which factor might be contributing to this behavior?
A. Lack of reinforcement
B. High self-efficacy in social contexts
C. Poor cognitive development
D. Inadequate scaffolding
 QUESTION #39
A student can solve math problems but struggles to explain the reasoning behind their solutions. According to
Piaget, which stage of cognitive development might this student be in?
A. Sensorimotor
B. Preoperational
C. Concrete Operational
D. Formal Operational
 QUESTION #40
A high school student excels in science and math but finds it difficult to engage in creative writing assignments.
According to Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence, which type of intelligence might this student possess?
A. Analytical intelligence
B. Creative intelligence
C. Practical intelligence
D. Emotional intelligence
 QUESTION #41
A middle school student often acts out in class and seems uninterested in the lessons. What approach might a
teacher take based on Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs to address this behavior?
A. Assign more challenging work to engage the student
B. Provide a stable and supportive classroom environment to meet the student's basic and psychological needs
C. Implement stricter discipline to enforce rules
D. Encourage competition among students to motivate the student
 QUESTION #42
A student prefers to learn new concepts by first understanding the big picture before focusing on details. Which
cognitive style does this describe?
A. Field-dependent
B. Field-independent
C. Holistic
D. Sequential
 QUESTION #43
A teacher observes that a student seems to learn best when working with peers and engaging in discussions.
Which educational theory best supports incorporating more group work into the classroom?
A. Behaviorism
B. Constructivism
C. Humanism
D. Information Processing Theory
 QUESTION #44
An adolescent is showing signs of disengagement and poor academic performance, despite previously being a
high achiever. According to Erikson's theory, which developmental challenge might they be facing, and what is
an appropriate response?
A. Identity vs. Role Confusion; providing opportunities for exploring different roles and self-reflection
B. Intimacy vs. Isolation; encouraging them to form close friendships and relationships
C. Generativity vs. Stagnation; involving them in community service and mentoring younger students
D. Industry vs. Inferiority; giving them additional academic support and tutoring
 QUESTION #45
An adolescent is showing signs of disengagement and poor academic performance, despite previously being a
high achiever. According to Erikson's theory, which developmental challenge might they be facing, and what is
an appropriate response?
A. Identity vs. Role Confusion; providing opportunities for exploring different roles and self-reflection
B. Intimacy vs. Isolation; encouraging them to form close friendships and relationships
C. Generativity vs. Stagnation; involving them in community service and mentoring younger students
D. Industry vs. Inferiority; giving them additional academic support and tutoring
 QUESTION #46
A middle school teacher wants to encourage a student who struggles with writing to improve. The student shows
anxiety and reluctance to write. According to the principles of Self-Determination Theory, what approach should
the teacher take?
A. Assign daily writing tasks and strictly enforce deadlines
B. Offer choices in writing topics and provide supportive feedback
C. Focus solely on grammar and structure improvements
D. Compare the student's work with peers to motivate improvement
 QUESTION #47
A high school student often disrupts the class and seeks attention through negative behaviors. According to
Adler's theory of individual psychology, which strategy might help address this behavior?
A. Implementing strict disciplinary measures to deter disruptions
B. Ignoring the student’s behavior to avoid reinforcing it
C. Encouraging the student to participate in class leadership roles
D. Reducing academic demands to lower stress
 QUESTION #48
A teenager is frequently tardy and appears disorganized, often forgetting assignments and materials. According
to executive function theories, what intervention might be most effective?
A. Implementing a strict penalty system for tardiness and missing assignments
B. Providing organizational tools and teaching time management skills
C. Reducing the academic workload to prevent overwhelm
D. Assigning a peer tutor to manage the student’s assignments
 QUESTION #49
An adolescent is highly anxious about exams and often performs poorly despite thorough preparation. According
to cognitive-behavioral theory, what strategy might help reduce the student's test anxiety?
A. Encouraging the student to study more intensively
B. Teaching relaxation techniques and cognitive restructuring
C. Allowing the student to opt out of difficult exams
D. Providing easier tests to boost confidence
 QUESTION #50
A teacher wants to foster a growth mindset in students who believe their intelligence is fixed. According to Carol
Dweck's theory, what is the most effective way to change these students' beliefs?
A. Praising students for their inherent intelligence
B. Setting easy tasks to ensure success
C. Praising effort, strategies, and progress
D. Comparing students' performance with their peers