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Sewage Treatment

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Shubhankar Agarwal
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24 views9 pages

Sewage Treatment

Uploaded by

Shubhankar Agarwal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SEWAGE TREATMENT

GROUP 2
VISHAL
SADURTHIYA
NEHA
VISHANT
SEWAGE TREATMENT
• The process of removing contaminants from wastewater and household sewage, both runoff (effluents)
and domestic.
• Sewage is created by residences, institutions, hospitals and commercial and industrial establishments.
• Raw influent (sewage) includes household waste liquid from toilets, baths, showers, kitchens, sinks, and
so forth that is disposed of via sewers. In many areas, sewage also includes liquid waste from industry
and commerce.
• Its aim is to produce an environmentally safe sewage water, called effluent, and a solid waste, called
sludge or biosolids, suitable for disposal or reuse. Reuse is often for agricultural purposes, but more
recently, sludge is being used as a fuel source.
SEWAGE TREATMENT PROCESSES

• Anaerobic Sewage Treatment


• Aerobic Sewage Treatment
ANAEROBIC SEWAGE TREATMENT

• Sewage is partly decomposed by anerobic bacteria in a tank without the introduction of air, containing
oxygen which leads to a reduction of Organic Matter into Methane, Hydrogen Sulphide, etc.
• It is widely used to treat wastewater sludge and organic waste because it provides volume and mass
reduction of the input material to a large extent.
• The effluent produced by this process is highly polluting and cannot be discharged to any watercourse.
It must be discharged into the Aerobic layer of the soil (within the top metre of the ground)
AEROBIC SEWAGE TREATMENT

• aerobic bacteria digest the pollutants.


• To establish an aerobic bacterial colony air should be provided for the bacteria to breathe.
• air is continuously supplied to the Biozone either by direct Surface Aeration using Impellers propelled by
pumps which whisk the surface of the liquid with air
• These achieve almost complete oxidation and digestion of organic matter and organic pollutants to
Carbon Dioxide, Water and Nitrogen, thus eliminating the odour and pollution problem
• STAGE ONE: SCREENING
Screening is the first stage of the wastewater treatment process. Screening removes large objects like, d
sanitary items, cotton buds, face wipes and even broken bottles, bottle tops, plastics and rags that may
block or damage equipment.
Special equipment is also used to remove grit that gets washed into the sewer.
• STAGE TWO: PRIMARY TREATMENT
This involves the separation of organic solid matter (or human waste) from the wastewater. This is done
by putting the wastewater into large settlement tanks for the solids to sink to the bottom of the tank.
The settled solids are called ‘sludge’. At the bottom of these circular tanks, large scrappers continuously
scrape the floor of the tank and push the sludge towards the center where it is pumped away for
further treatment. The rest of the water is then moved to the Secondary treatment
• STAGE THREE: SECONDARY TREATMENT
The water, at this stage, is put into large rectangular tanks. These are called aeration lanes. Air is
pumped into the water to encourage bacteria to break down the tiny bits of sludge that escaped the
sludge scrapping process.
• This is Aerobic. The liquid from the Primary treatment contains dissolved and particulate biological
matter. This is progressively converted into clean water by using indigenous, water-borne aerobic micro-
organisms and bacteria which digest the pollutants.
• STAGE THREE: FINAL TREATMENT
• In some cases, the effluent resulting from secondary treatment is not clean enough for discharge.
• It is usually either Phosphorous or Ammoniacal Nitrogen or both that the E.A. want reduced. Tertiary
treatment involves this process.
• If Phosphorous is the culprit, then a continuous dosing system to remove it is the tertiary treatment.
• If Ammoniacal Nitrogen is the problem, then the
sewage treatment plant process must involve a nitrifying and then de-nitrification stage to convert the
ammoniacal nitrogen to Nitrogen gas that harmlessly enters the atmosphere.
• Finally, the Sludge is periodically removed by tanker and taken for further processing via
aerobic/anerobic processes and then disposed of or re-used, and the treated water may be discharged
• If it is sufficiently clean, it can also be used for groundwater recharge or agricultural purposes

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