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Probability of Independent and Dependent Events

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Mary Louise Mendoza
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14 views

Probability of Independent and Dependent Events

Uploaded by

Mary Louise Mendoza
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Topic

What are mutually exclusive events?

What are not mutually exclusive


events?
Probability of Independent and
Dependent Events
What is
independent
What is
dependent
Independent Events

Two events are independent if the occurrence of one


of the events does not affect the occurrence of the
other event.
Examples
1. turning up a 6 followed by a 2 in rolling a fair die twice.
2. stopping at 5 and at 3 by spinning a fair spinner twice with 8 congruent
sectors numbered 1 – 8.
3. a tail showing up in tossing a fair coin once and a four turning up in
rolling a fair die once.
4. drawing a King of hearts and a Queen of hearts from a standard deck of
cards if replacement of the first card is done
Dependent Events
Two events are dependent if the occurrence of the
first affects the occurrence of the second so that the
probability is changed.
Example

Drawing a King of hearts and a Queen of hearts from a standard deck of


cards if no replacement of the first card is done.
Solve!
If A and B are independent events, then 𝑃(𝐴 𝑎𝑛𝑑
1. 𝐵) = 𝑃(𝐴) ∙ 𝑃(𝐵) or 𝑃(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) = 𝑃(𝐴) ∙ 𝑃(𝐵)

If A and B are dependent events, then 𝑃(𝐴


2. 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐵) = 𝑃(𝐴) ∙ 𝑃(𝐵 𝑓𝑜𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝐴) or 𝑃(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵)
= 𝑃(𝐴) ∙ 𝑃(𝐵 𝑓𝑜𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝐴)
Problem
A drawstring bag contains 3 green marbles and 1 yellow
marble. Ben draws a marble then returns it in the bag and
then draw another marble. What is the probability that the
first marble is green and the second marble is yellow?
Problem
A box of chocolates contains ten milk chocolates, eight dark
chocolates, and six white chocolates. Lance randomly
chooses a chocolate, eat it, and then randomly chooses
another chocolate. What is the probability that Lance
chooses a milk chocolate and a dark chocolate?
Problem
Find the probability of 1 turning up in rolling a six-face die
once and drawing a lettered card from a deck of 52 playing
cards
Summary
Independent Events

Two events are independent if the occurrence of one


of the events does not affect the occurrence of the
other event.
Dependent Events
Two events are dependent if the occurrence of the
first affects the occurrence of the second so that the
probability is changed.
Evaluation

A. Tell whether the following pairs of events are


independent or dependent. Write IE if the two events are
independent and write DE if the events are dependent
events.
Evaluation

B. Consider the situation below and determine whether the events


are INDEPENDENT or DEPENDENT EVENTS then solve what
is asked. (Show your solution. Enclosed in a box your final
answer)
Problem 1

Car Rental Company has seven white vans, five gray vans, four
black vans and two blue vans. Hans needs three vans for a field
trip. What is the probability that Hans will choose a white van, a
black van, and a gray van?
Problem 2

Two senior students, one from each government schools are


randomly selected to travel to United Kingdom, Wes is in a class of
eighteen students and Ren is in a class of twenty students. Find the
probability that both Wes and Ren will be selected.

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