0% found this document useful (0 votes)
29 views20 pages

Circle Theorems

Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
0% found this document useful (0 votes)
29 views20 pages

Circle Theorems

Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 20

CIRCLE THEOREMS

© Oxford University Press 2016


TANGENTS

A straight line can intersect a circle in three possible ways.


It can be:

A DIAMETER A CHORD A TANGENT

B
O O O
B
A
A A

2 points of 2 points of 1 point of


intersection intersection intersection

© Oxford University Press 2016


TANGENT PROPERTY 1

The angle between a


tangent and a radius is a
O right angle.

© Oxford University Press 2016


TANGENT PROPERTY 2

ΙΙ

O
P

ΙΙ
The two tangents drawn
from a point P outside a
A circle are equal in length.
AP = BP

© Oxford University Press 2016


Example
AP is a tangent to the circle.
a Calculate the length of OP.
P b Calculate the size of angle AOP.
B c Calculate the shaded area.
O
x
8 cm 8
6 cm
a OP2  6 2  8 2 b tan x 
6
OP2  100
8
A OP  10 cm x  tan1  
6
  53.13o
AOP

c Shaded area = area of ΔOAP – area of sector OAB


1   53.13 
  8  6      62 
2   360 
 24  16.69
 7.31 cm2 (3 s.f.)
© Oxford University Press 2016
CHORDS AND SEGMENTS
A straight line joining two points on the circumference of a
circle is called a chord.
A chord divides a circle into two segments.

major segment

minor segment

© Oxford University Press 2016


SYMMETRY PROPERTIES OF CHORDS 1

The perpendicular line from the centre


of a circle to a chord bisects the chord.
O

ΙΙ ΙΙ Note: Triangle AOB is isosceles.


A B

© Oxford University Press 2016


SYMMETRY PROPERTIES OF CHORDS 2

AB = CD
D
ΙΙ
Q
ΙΙ If two chords AB and CD are the same
C length then they will be the same
Ι

O perpendicular distance from the


centre of the circle.
Ι

ΙΙ ΙΙ If AB = CD then OP = OQ.
A P B

© Oxford University Press 2016


Example
Find the value of x.

O
Triangle OAB is isosceles
o
96 because OA = OB (radii of circle)
So angle OBA = x.
x B
2x  96  180
A
2x  84
x  42o

© Oxford University Press 2016


THEOREM 1

The angle at the centre is


twice the angle at the
O circumference.

2x

© Oxford University Press 2016


Example
Find the value of x.
x

96o

Angle at centre
= 2 × angle at circumference
96  2x
x  96  2
x  48o

© Oxford University Press 2016


Example
Find the value of x.

62o

Angle at centre
= 2 × angle at circumference
x  2  62
x  124o

© Oxford University Press 2016


Example
Find the value of x.

O
x
84o

Angle at centre
= 2 × angle at circumference
84  2x
x  84  2
x  42o

© Oxford University Press 2016


Example
Find the value of x.
104o

Oy

Angle at centre
= 2 × angle at circumference
y  2  104
y  208
x  360  208
x  152o

© Oxford University Press 2016


THEOREM 2

An angle in a semi-circle is
always a right angle.
O

© Oxford University Press 2016


Example
Find the value of x.

58o O x

Angles in a semi-circle = 90o


and
angles in a triangle add up to 180o.

x  58  90  180
x  32o

© Oxford University Press 2016


THEOREM 3

Opposite angles of a cyclic


quadrilateral add up to
180o.
x  y  180o

© Oxford University Press 2016


Example
Find the values of x and y.
x

Opposite angles in a cyclic


quadrilateral add up to 180o.

75 o 132o
x  132  180 y  75  180
x  48o y  105o

© Oxford University Press 2016


THEOREM 4

x
Angles from the same arc in
the same segment are
equal.
x

© Oxford University Press 2016


Example
Find the value of x.

39o

Angles from the same arc in the same


segment are equal.

x  39o

© Oxford University Press 2016

You might also like