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Lec-10 Part 2

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5 views20 pages

Lec-10 Part 2

Uploaded by

zubair
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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(Solution of Transcendental equations)

Suppose if we are given the equations


of the form
+sinx+=0
log(x) +tanx=2
to find the root of above equation
we used some numerical method
(1) Newton Raphson's method
(2)Secant method
(3) Bisection method
(1) Newton Raphsons method
this method is used to find the root of
Transcendental equations
Mathematically we can represents as
= - ……………(1)
where n= 0 ,1, 2, ……..
Derivation of Newton Raphson Method
suppose is an approximate root of
f(x)=0
let =+h where h is small,
be the exact root of f(x)=0 then f()=0
Now expanding f(+h) by taylor’s theorem, we get
f(+h) = f() +h f’()+ f’’()+……..=0 (1)
Since h is small ,we neglect terms containing
and its higher powers,
then
f() +h f’()=0 ……..(2)
h=- ……………(3)
but we know
=+h
also h = - ………(4)
Put eq(4) in eq(3) we get
= - ……(5)
write eq(5) in iterative form we have
=-
where n= 0 ,1, 2, ……..
Q: Using Newton Raphson method to find
the root of the given equation.
sinx=0
stating with value =0.5
solution: Given that
sinx=0
with the value =0.5
now apply the Newton Raphson method,
we know that
= - ……………(1)
where n= 0 ,1, 2, ……..
For n=0
so eq(1) implies that
= …………(2)
but given that
=0.5 put in eq(2) we get
= 0.5 -…………(3)
now
= 0.5 -
= 0.586
for n= 1 so eq(1) becomes
= …………………(4)
but = 0.586
Put in eq(4) we get
= 0.586 -
which implies
= 0.586 -
= 0.5886
similarly n=2 put in eq(1)
=0.5886
Since and have the same values
so let = = x =0.5886
put in given equation
sinx=0
Q: Apply Newton Raphsons Method
solve the following equation’s
(1) - -3=0 with starting value =2
=1.875 , =1.864 ,= 1.864
(2) -3x=0 with starting value =0
=0.50 , =0.61 , =0.62 ,
(3) log(x)-1- =0 with =3 ,
(Secant method)
This method is also used to solve the
Transcedental equation,
Derivation: we shall derive this method
by using the definition of derivative
We know
f’()= …………….(1)
Now consider the Newton Raphsons
Method
= - ……………(2)
put eq(1) in eq(2) we get
= - ………(3)
by simplification of eq(3) we get
=- ……….(4)
by taking the lcm of eq(4) we get
=

=
we have given to starting value and
where n=1, 2 ,3…….
which is the required secant method.
=

=
we have given to starting value and
where n=1, 2 ,3…….
which is the required secant method.
=………(1)
now for n=1equqtion(1) become
=……………..(2)
but =0.4 ,=0.9 put in eq(2)
we get
=…………(3)
Now our required result will be prove if we
have to find
,
f(0.4)= -3(0.4)
f(0.9)= - 3(0.9) put in eq(3)
we get
=
=0.67
Similarly for n=2
eq(1) implies
=………..(4)
but =0.9 =0.67 put in eq(4)

=(5)
Now consider
f(0.9)= - 3(0.9)
f(0.67)= - 3(0.67) put in eq(5)
we get
=

= 0.624
Similarly for n=3
we get
for n=4
= 0.619
Q: Using the secant method to find the root of the
equation.
sinx-5x+2=0
where the starting values are
=0.4 ,=0.6 .

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