22/07/2024

1G: Finding the Equation of a Line

 the value of the value of

𝒚 =𝑚 𝒙+𝑐
gradient -intercept

𝑦 -intercept
the line crosses the
-axis at +1

𝑥 𝒚 =2 𝒙+𝟏
gradient
1 unit right,
2 units up
Gradient of a Line : a number that describes how steep a line is

Mountain Hill
4 up 2 up
4 across 4 across

The mountain is twice as steep as the hill.

 𝐶h𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑦 Rise
𝐺𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡=
𝐶h𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑥 Run
6

4
2 4
𝐺𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡=¿ ¿2
3
42 2

0
0 1 2 3 4 5
 What is the equation of this line?

𝑦 =𝒎 𝑥 + 𝒄
m = gradient =
+4
=

=2
+2
c = -intercept = +1

𝑦 =𝟐 𝑥+𝟏
 What is the equation of this line?

𝑦 =𝒎 𝑥 + 𝒄
m = gradient =

c = -intercept = +1
-2
−𝟏
𝑦= 𝑥 +𝟏 +4
𝟐
 Finding Equations of Lines from Coordinates
A line passes through (0, 0) & (2, 2). What is the equation of the line? Sketch

Equation of any line:

= gradient
= -intercept

1) Find the gradient of the line. 2) Pick a coordinate.

Substitute coordinate values & gradient to find .
Gradient =

𝒙𝒚 𝒚 =𝑚 𝒙+𝑐
1 2
(0, 0) & (2, 2)
(0, 0) 𝟎=1(𝟎)+𝑐

2− 0 2
0=𝑐
𝑚= ¿ =1
2− 0 2

3) Use gradient and -intercept to form the equation.

𝒚 =𝑚 𝒙+𝑐 𝒚 =1 𝒙 𝒚 =𝒙
 Finding Equations of Lines from Coordinates
A line passes through (1, 3) & (2, 5). What is the equation of the line? Sketch

Equation of any line:

= gradient
= -intercept

1) Find the gradient of the line. 2) Pick a coordinate.

Substitute coordinate values & gradient to find .
Gradient =

𝒙𝒚 𝒚 =𝑚 𝒙+𝑐
1 2
(1, 3) & (2, 5)
(1, 3) 𝟑=2(𝟏)+𝑐

5−3 2
3=2+ 𝑐
𝑚= ¿ =2 1=𝑐
2− 1 1

3) Use gradient and -intercept to form the equation.

𝒚 =𝑚 𝒙+𝑐 𝒚 =2 𝒙+1
 Finding Equations of Lines from Coordinates
A line passes through (1, 5) & (2, 8). What is the equation of the line? Sketch

Equation of any line:

= gradient
= -intercept

1) Find the gradient of the line. 2) Pick a coordinate.

Substitute coordinate values & gradient to find .
Gradient =

𝒙𝒚 𝒚 =𝑚 𝒙+𝑐
1 2
(1, 5) & (2, 8)
(1, 5) 𝟓=3(𝟏)+ 𝑐

8 −5 3
5=3+ 𝑐
𝑚= ¿ =3 2=𝑐
2 −1 1

3) Use gradient and -intercept to form the equation.

𝒚 =𝑚 𝒙+𝑐 𝒚 =3 𝒙+ 2
 Finding Equations of Lines from Coordinates
A line passes through (−3, −10) & (4, 25). What is the equation of the line?Sketch

Equation of any line:

= gradient
= -intercept

1) Find the gradient of the line. 2) Pick a coordinate.

Substitute coordinate values & gradient to find .
Gradient =

𝒙𝒚 𝒚 =𝑚 𝒙+𝑐
1 2
(4, 25) 𝟐𝟓=5( 𝟒)+𝑐
(-3, -10) & (4, 25)
25− −1035
25=20 +𝑐
𝑚= ¿ =5 5=𝑐
4 −− 3 7

3) Use gradient and -intercept to form the equation.

𝒚 =𝑚 𝒙+𝑐 𝒚 =5 𝒙+5
 Finding Equations of Lines from Coordinates
A line passes through (4, −4) & (−3, 10). What is the equation of the line?Sketch

Equation of any line:

= gradient
= -intercept

1) Find the gradient of the line. 2) Pick a coordinate.

Substitute coordinate values & gradient to find .
Gradient =

𝒙𝒚 𝒚 =𝑚 𝒙+𝑐
1 2
(4, −4) −𝟒=− 2(𝟒)+ 𝑐
(4, -4) & (-3, 10)
10 − − 414
− 4=− 8+𝑐
𝑚= ¿ =− 2 4=𝑐
− 3 − 4− 7

3) Use gradient and -intercept to form the equation.

𝒚 =𝑚 𝒙+𝑐 𝒚 =4 −2 𝒙
 Finding Equations of Lines from Coordinates
A line passes through (8, −7) & (−6, 0). What is the equation of the line? Sketch

Equation of any line:

= gradient
= -intercept

1) Find the gradient of the line. 2) Pick a coordinate.

Substitute coordinate values & gradient to find .
Gradient =
𝒙𝒚 𝒚 =𝑚 𝒙+𝑐
(−6, 0)
1
1 2 𝟎=− (−𝟔)+𝑐
(8, -7) & (-6, 0) 2
0=3 +𝑐
0 − − 77 1
𝑚= ¿ =− −3=𝑐
−6−8 −14 2

3) Use gradient and -intercept to form the equation.

1
𝒚 =𝑚 𝒙+𝑐 𝒚 =− 𝒙 − 3
2
Exercise 1G