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25 views

CH10 PPT

Uploaded by

Aliaa Habib
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Practical Research: Planning and Design

Twelfth Edition, Global Edition


Chapter 10
Action Research and
Participatory Designs
Action Research and Participatory Designs
• The terms action research and participatory action research
refer to types of inquiry that aim to use research not just to
describe or understand an issue or problem but also to take
action and make concrete changes and transformations in
conditions, resources, practices, and/or policy.
Action-Oriented Models and Designs
• Many designs fall under the umbrella of “action-oriented
research”.
– Action research conducted by teachers (a.k.a., teacher
research)
– Design-based research (DBR)
– Participatory action research (P ART) and youth
participatory action research (YPAR)
– Community-based research designs
Action Research/Teacher Research (1 of 2)
• Action research is often conducted by practicing teachers and
others interested in educational outcomes. (Thus the term,
teacher research.)
• This type of research involves a systematic investigation of an
issue or topic of interest in the context of education.
• Action research is not conducted on or about teachers, but
rather teachers conduct this research for themselves.
Action Research/Teacher Research (2 of 2)
• Four steps in action research:
1. Determine a research question that, when answered, can yield concrete
strategies in the here and now.
2. Collect data that might help to answer that question.
3. Analyze and interpret the data relative to the research question.
4. Develop a plan for research.

• A key component of action research is finishing up with a concrete plan regarding


how to solve the problem at hand.
• It is important to remember that the results should be teacher oriented!
Design-Based Research
• Emerged from the field of educational technology and other learning
sciences.
• Aims to produce theories and knowledge about learning and teaching
that are grounding in real-life contexts.
• Involves manipulating real-life contexts in particular ways and
conducting and refining experiments and interventions so that
researchers can make evidence-based claims about learning.
• Example: Development of instructional software that can help middle
school students learn how to control for confounding variables when
confounding simple physics experiments.
Participatory Action Research (P AR) Youth
Participatory Action Research (Y PAR) (1 of 2)
• Action-oriented approach to research rooted in the theory of Paulo Freire

• Rooted in problem-posing education with the generative themes of students’ lives


are the basis for instruction
• Involves collaboration from inception to implementation between researchers and
those typically considered “subjects” of research
• Research members share leadership throughout the process

• Reflection and praxis oriented, with an end goal of making transformative changes
in social conditions
Participatory Action Research (P AR) Youth
Participatory Action Research (Y PAR) (2 of 2)
• Youth Participatory Action (YPAR) adds the element of involving
young people as co-researchers
• YPAR is a useful instructional tool in classrooms or community
settings
• Acquisition of academic skills is often a focus of Y PAR
• PAR and YPAR are not without some challenges including their
non-traditional approach which counters the notion of academic
researchers maintaining complete control of a study
Community-Based Research (CBR)
Models (1 of 2)
• Usually bound in a particular community setting and involve
developing partnerships with community organizations and
groups
• Many models are premised on the beliefs that:
– communities are a storehouse of resources and knowledge
– community members possess significant expertise and
skills that can provide insights on key community issues
and problems
Community-Based Research (CBR)
Models (2 of 2)

• Sub-models of community-based research include:


– course-based action research (CBAR)
– community-based participatory research (C BPR)
– community-based qualitative research (CBQR)
Course-Based Action Research (CBAR)
• Integrates community-based research and participatory action
research
• Collaborative in nature: students + faculty + community
• Two key goals of CBAR:
1. Foster a commitment to social justice on the part of both
students and faculty
2. Strengthen connections between the university and the
community
Community-Based Participatory Research
• Employs a collaborative, partnership approach to conducing
research
• Acknowledges communities for their strengths and resources
• Is built upon the notion of shared ownership that should yield
relevant and useful findings for the community
Community-Based Qualitative Research
• Uses qualitative methodology to investigate and address issues and problems in particular
community settings

• Collaborative with shared leadership

• Intended to be a transformative process for academic researchers and community co-


researchers

• Usually begin with orienting experiences that:


– help academic researchers learn about the community and pertinent issues
– provide opportunities for dialogue between academic researchers and community
partners

• As with all community models, a significant time commitment is required!


Data Collection and Analysis in Action
Research

• Data collection for action-oriented research is similar to data


collection in other designs. The following are key components:

1. Data-collection strategies are emergent.


2. Data collection is iterative.
3. Data collection is collaborative and ultimately the result of
a coordinated group effort.
Disseminating the Findings of Action
Research Projects
• The dissemination of the findings of action research projects is
similar to other forms of research dissemination. The following
are common methods of dissemination:
– Journals and books
– Conferences and Symposia
– Public forums and events
– Program resources and materials
– Advocacy and activism
Planning and Conducting an Effective
Community Forum (1 of 2)
• Like other forms of research, community based research takes a great deal of
planning. Consider these suggestions for organizing a successful community forum:

1. Meet with co-researchers and community partners in advance to co-plan the


event
2. Identify an appropriate location
3. Widely publicize the event
4. Create a visual presentation
5. Prepare handouts
Planning and Conducting an Effective
Community Forum (2 of 2)
• Like other forms of research, community based research takes a
great deal of planning. Consider these suggestions for
organizing a successful community forum:
6. Provide refreshments, such as beverages and light snacks
7. Provide any appropriate resources for attendees
8. Allow sufficient time for questions and dialogue
9. Consider making the event available on the Internet

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