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BRAIN LATERALIZATION
INTRODUCTION:
Brain lateralization, also known as cerebral lateralization or
hemispheric specialization, refers to the phenomenon in
which certain cognitive functions and processes are
predominantly located in one hemisphere of the brain. The
human brain is divided into two hemispheres: the left
hemisphere and the right hemisphere. Each hemisphere has
its own set of functions and is responsible for processing
certain types of information and tasks. In lateralization, the
left hemisphere and right hemispheres of the brain have very
different functions, but they communicate with each other
through their physical connections
. • An example of lateralization is language. For most people
language function is located in the left hemisphere of the
brain, particularly for righthanded people.
•The foundation for this split-brain theory often is based
on research that has been performed on patients who had
their right and left hemispheres of their brain surgically
disconnected to treat severe epilepsy.
•The split-brain theory describes the left side of the brain
as giving rational orders to the right side of the brain, and the
right hemisphere as giving emotionally based commands.
Brain lateralization occurs in certain brain functions. In brain
lateralization, certain regions of the brain perform specific
functions. Many recent studies have shown that the right and
left halves of the brain mostly are used equally, which shows
the functional and physical connections between both the
right and left hemispheres of the brain.
Regions of the brain that are in charge of functions like
memory seem to vary depending upon which hemisphere is
dominant for a particular person. While people's brain
becomes more left-brained or right-brained (lateralized) with
age, there is no difference in physical appearance
(phenotype) that is correlated to being more left- (left-
lateralized) or -right-brained (rightlateralized).