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02 - Macaulays Method

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17 views

02 - Macaulays Method

Uploaded by

BOSS MIKE
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Welcome Structural

Analysis 3
MSA32A
Annaléne Olwagen
Office: ETB 009D
[email protected]
Module 1: Deflection in Beams
• Lecture 2: Macaulays method
Integration method
• If a beam of constant flexural rigidity (EI) is subjected to a number
of loads it is not possible to obtain a single expression for the
bending moment equation of the beam.
• If the loading conditions change along the span of beam, there is a
corresponding change in the bending moment equation.
• This requires that a separate bending moment equation be written
between each change of loads. Double integration are required for
each bending moment equation.
• Though it is solvable, every extra load would cause two more
constants of integration. Therefore for even ordinary forms of
loading, the integrations could be quite complex.
• Solving of the constants introduced by each integration can become
very complex.
Macaulay’s method
• These complications can be avoided by obtaining a
single bending moment equation in such a way that
it becomes continuous for the entire length of the
beam in spite of the discontinuity of loading.

• Macaulay’s method is a means to obtain a single


bending moment equation for the entire length of
the beam.

• From Macaulay’s method, any slope and deflection


of interest can be found.
Macaulay’s Method
• Stepwise expression of moments on a beam subjected to loads

• Used to determine
 Slope (dv/dx) and
 delfection (v)

• Continuous beams subjected to loads

Shape
Material EI = Constant
Macaulay’s Method

X
Macaulay’s Method
Macaulay’s Bracket function

 < > is ZERO if term inside < > is NEGATIVE


 < > is integrated as an “ordinary” function

Global bending moment equation for the beam.


Continuous functions
Macaulay’s method
Steps in Macaulay's analysis

1. Draw a free body diagram of the member and take moments about a cut to obtain an
equation for M(x).

2. Equate M(x) to ; this is Equation 1.

3. Integrate Equation 1 to obtain an expression for the slopes along the beam, (EI dy/dx) ;
this is Equation 2, and has a slope constant of integration (A).

4. Integrate Equation 2 to obtain an expression for the deflections along the beam, EI y ;
this is Equation 3, and has a deflection constant of integration (B).

5. Use known deflections and slopes at support points to calculate the unknown
constants of integration, and any unknown reactions.
Macaulay’s method
Steps in Macaulay’s analysis

6. Substitute the calculated values into the previous equations:


• Substitute for any unknown reactions;
• Substitute the value for A into Equation 2, to give Equation 4;
• Substitute the value for B into Equation 3, giving Equation 5.

7. Solve for required displacements (deflection and slope) by


substituting the location into Equation 4 or 5 as required.
Macaulay’s method
Macaulay’s method
Thank you
Annalené Olwagen
[email protected]
ETB 009D

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