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Antiderivative and Indefinite Integrals

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Mhyr Pielago Camba
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23 views

Antiderivative and Indefinite Integrals

Uploaded by

Mhyr Pielago Camba
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Dianne Tolarba

The reverse operation of finding a derivative is called the


antiderivative. A function F is an antiderivative of a function f if
F ’(x) = f (x).

1) Find the antiderivative of f(x) = 5 Theorem 1:

Find several functions that have the derivative of 5 If a function


has more than
Answer: 5x; 5x+ 1; 5x -3; one
antiderivative,
2) Find the antiderivative of f(x) = x2
then the
Find several functions that have the derivative of x2 antiderivatives
differ by at
1 3 1 3 1 3 most a
Answer: x ; or x  ; or x  e constant.
3 3 3
 The graphs of antiderivatives are vertical translations
of each other.
 For example: f(x) = 2x

Find several functions that are the antiderivatives


for f(x)

Answer: x2,
x2 + 1,
x2 + 3,
x2 - 2,
x2 + c (c is any real number)
Let f (x) be a function. The family of all functions that are
antiderivatives of f (x) is called the indefinite integral and has

the symbol f ( x) dx

The symbol  is called an integral sign, and the function f (x)


is called the integrand. The symbol dx indicates that anti-
differentiation is performed with respect to the variable x.
By the previous theorem, if F(x) is any antiderivative of f, then
 f ( x) dx  F ( x)  C
The arbitrary constant C is called the constant of integration.
n 1
x
1.  x n dx   C , n   1 (power rule)
n 1
  C
x x
2. e dx e
1
3.  x dx  ln | x | C
4.  k f ( x) dx  k  f ( x) dx
5.   f ( x)  g ( x) dx   f ( x) dx   g ( x) dx
It is important to note that property 4 states that a constant
factor can be moved across an integral sign. A variable
factor cannot be moved across an integral sign.
A)  2dx  2 x  C

 16e dt  16e
t
B) t
C

 x5  3 5
 3x dx 
4
C) 3   C  x  C
 5 5
   
5 2
D) ( 2 x 3 x 1) dx

  2 x 5 dx   3 x 2 dx   1dx
x 6
 x 3

 2   3   1x  C
 6   3 
1 6
 x  x  xC
3

3
 23 3 
A)
 
 2 x  
x 
4
dx 
2 2
  2 x dx   3 x dx  2 x dx  3 x  4 dx
4
 
3 3

 5 
 x3   x 3  5
6 3 3
 2   3   C  x  x  C
 5   3  5
 
 3  5
6 3 1
 x  3 C
5 x
3
B)
 dw  4  w dw 
5 3
4 w 5

 8 
 w5  5
8
 4   C  x5  C
 8  2
 
 5 
 x  8 x dx 
 x  8x
4 3
 2
C)
  x 2
 dx 

  x dx   8 xdx
2

x3
x  2
  8   C
3  2
3
x
  4x  C
2

3
     x 
2
D) ( x 2)( x 3) dx 3
 3 x 2  2 x  6 dx 

  x dx   3 x dx   2 xdx   6dx
3 2

x 4
x  x
3 2

  3   2   6 x  C
4  3  2 
4
x
  x3  x 2  6 x  C
4

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