Get Started with Clean, Transform, Design a Data

Getting Started
Microsoft Data and Load Data In Model in Power
with Power BI
Analytics Power BI BI

Microsoft ©
Create Model
Optimize model
Power BI Calculations
using DAX
performance
Create Reports
 Create Perform
Create
Paginated Advanced
Dashboards
Reports Analytics
Microsoft ©
Create and
Manage Row-Level
Power BI Manage
Datasets Security
Workspaces
 • As the process of analyzing raw data to find trends and
answer questions, the definition of data analytics captures
its broad scope of the field. However, it includes many
techniques with many different goals.
• The data analytics process has some components that can
Data Analytics help a variety of initiatives. By combining these
components, a successful data analytics initiative will
and Microsoft© provide a clear picture of where you are, where you have
Power BI been and where you should go.
• Data analytics is a broad field. There are four primary
Module 1 – types of data analytics: descriptive, diagnostic, predictive
Lesson 1 and prescriptive analytics. Each type has a different goal
and a different place in the data analysis process. These
are also the primary data analytics applications in
business.
 • Data Analysts provide real-time insights
Data across an organization.
Analytics • Connect, prepare and model
and • Connect to and transform data with advanced
data preparation capabilities.
Microsoft ©
• Visualize
Power BI • Create interactive data visualizations and
uncover important insights.
Module 1 – • Publish and share
Lesson 1 • Publish dashboards and share insights to drive
informed action throughout your organization.
 • Descriptive analytics helps answer questions about what
happened. These techniques summarize large datasets to describe
outcomes to stakeholders. By developing key performance
indicators (KPIs,) these strategies can help track successes or
Descriptive failures. Metrics such as return on investment (ROI) are used in
many industries. Specialized metrics are developed to track

and performance in specific industries. This process requires the

collection of relevant data, processing of the data, data analysis
and data visualization. This process provides essential insight into
Diagnostic past performance.
• Diagnostic analytics helps answer questions about why things
Analytics happened. These techniques supplement more basic descriptive
analytics. They take the findings from descriptive analytics and dig
Module 1 – deeper to find the cause. The performance indicators are further
investigated to discover why they got better or worse. This

Lesson 1 generally occurs in three steps:

• Identify anomalies in the data. These may be unexpected
changes in a metric or a particular market.
• Data that is related to these anomalies is collected.
• Statistical techniques are used to find relationships and
trends that explain these anomalies.
 • Predictive analytics helps answer questions about
what will happen in the future. These techniques use
historical data to identify trends and determine if they
Predictive are likely to recur. Predictive analytical tools provide
valuable insight into what may happen in the future
and and its techniques include a variety of statistical and
machine learning techniques, such as: neural
Prescriptive networks, decision trees, and regression.
• Prescriptive analytics helps answer questions about
Analytics what should be done. By using insights from predictive
analytics, data-driven decisions can be made. This
Module 1 – allows businesses to make informed decisions in the
face of uncertainty. Prescriptive analytics techniques
Lesson 1 rely on machine learning strategies that can find
patterns in large datasets. By analyzing past decisions
and events, the likelihood of different outcomes can
be estimated.
 • Data Scientists
• Dealing with all aspects of the project.
• Collecting and analyzing data.
• Visualizing and presenting data.
Overview of • Researching and developing new algorithms and
approaches.
Data Roles – • Data Engineers
Module 1 – • Designing, building, and maintaining data
pipelines.
Lesson 1 • Batch processing of collected data and matching
its format to the stored data.
• Keeping the ecosystem and the pipeline
optimized and efficient.
• Ensuring data is available for data scientists and
analysts to use.
 • Data Architect
• Designing and creating new database systems that
match the requirements of a specific business model
and job requirements.
• Maintaining these systems, both from the
Overview of functionality perspective and the administrative one.
• Keeping track of the data and deciding who can view,
Data Roles use, and manipulate different sections of the data.

Module 1 – • Data Storyteller

• This is a fairly new role in the field of Data Science.
Lesson 1 • Finding the narrative that best describes the data
and uses it to express it.
• Simplifies data, focuses on a specific aspect, analyzes
its behavior, and uses their insights to create a
compelling story that helps people better
understand the data.
 • Other Roles in Data Science
• Machine Learning Scientist (academia)
• Researching new data manipulation approaches and
designs new algorithms to be used.

Overview of • Machine Learning Engineer

• Has strong statistics and programming skills and some
Data Roles knowledge of software engineering.
• Business Intelligence Developer
Module 1 – • Designing and developing strategies that allow
business users to find the information they need to
Lesson 1 make decisions quickly and efficiently.
• Database Administrator
• Monitoring the database for functionality and
creating backups and recoveries.
• Granting permissions to employees based on their job
requirements and employment level.
 Features vary based on licensing
License Type Capabilities Additional capabilities
when workspace is in a
Premium Capacity
Power BI (free) Access to content in My Consume content shared
Workspace with them
Power BI Pro Publish content to other Distribute content to
Power BI workspaces, share
dashboards, subscribe to
dashboards and reports,
users who have free
licenses.

Licensing share with users who have

a Pro license

Module 1 – Power BI
Premium Per
Same as Pro. Can also Distribute content to
share with users who have users who have free and
Lesson 2 User a Premium Per User
license
Pro licenses.

Power BI Same as Premium Per User.

Premium Per
Capacity
The Power BI Desktop
Landscape of
Products and Power BI Service
Services in
Power BI
Module 1 – Power BI Report Builder
Lesson 2
 Connect to 80+ data Shaping and modeling
Power BI sources
Transform data Analyze data
data

Desktop Create measures and Create Publish to Power BI Access to Power

Module 1 – calculated columns visualizations/reports Service Query Editor

Lesson 2
 Access to some data Create
Cloud based service
sources visualizations/reports
Power BI
Service
Module 1 – Create paginated
reports
Create dashboards

Lesson 2
 • Power BI Desktop (application) and Power BI Service
(cloud-based) are bundled together. Even the free
version has a robust feature set.
Power BI
Desktop &
Power BI
Service
Module 1 –
Lesson 2
 Power BI Report
Power BI builder allows for the
Report
Builder –
creation of paginated
Module 1 – reports in the Power BI
Lesson 2 Service.
 Sample Superstore.xlsx

Websites and Additional Information.docx

Module 2
Customer Data.xlsx
Files – see
Video Dates.xlsx
Description IT Spending Analysis.xlsx
 Locally Stored vs. Cloud Stored Excel File implications

Import from Power Pivot and Power View Excel files vs. Get Data

Data Source vs. Dataset

Access Database
Module 2 -
Web
Recap Optimize Performance

Common load errors and how to resolve

Authentication
 This module teaches you the process of
profiling and understanding the condition of
the data. You will learn how to identify
Module 3: anomalies, look at the size and shape of the
data, and perform the proper data cleaning and
Clean, transforming steps to prepare the data for
Transform & loading into the model. We’ll be using the
Sample Superstore Power BI Desktop file that
Load Data we created in the previous module for this
module.
 Left Outer
• All from first table, matching from second

Right Outer
• All from second table, matching from first

Full Outer
• All rows from both tables

Module 3: Inner
• Only matching rows

Join Types Left Anti

• Rows only in first table

Right Anti
• Rows only in second table
 Applied Data Shape Transformations

Module 3: Enhanced the Structure of the Data

Recap Profiled and Examined the Data
 This module teaches the fundamental
concepts of designing and developing a
data model for proper performance and
Module 4: scalability. It will also help you
Design a understand and tackle many of the
common data modeling issues, including
Data Model relationships, security, and performance.
in Power BI We will continue with the Sample
Superstore.pbix file we’ve been using.
 Data modeling can be
defined as making the data
Module 4: you use in Power BI as
What is Data accurate and intentional as
Modeling? possible. Data modeling is a
series of processes.
 Working with Tables

Dimensions and Hierarchies

Create Model Relationships

Module 4:
Lessons Review the Model Interface

Enforce Row-Level Security (RLS)

 Another optimizing
performance tip is breaking
Module 4: down your tables when
Breaking applicable. One large table
Down Tables is not the answer for an
effective data model.
 Fact Tables
• Keeps numeric data that might be aggregated in the
reporting visualizations.
• E.g., Sales, Profits
Module 4: Dimension Tables
Fact vs. • Keeps descriptive information that can slice and dice
Dimension the data in the fact table.
• Require a key field.
• E.g., Customer Info, Product Info
 A golden rule is that you should
not have fact and descriptive
fields in the same table. By
Module 4: breaking down your tables more
Golden Rule efficiently, you will optimize the
performance of your data set.
 One-to-One 1:1
• One manager has one Region

One-to-Many 1:*
• The most common

Module 4: • One customer has many orders

Many-to-One *:1
Relationship • Same as above

s/Cardinality Many-to-Many *:*

• Many students are in many classes (not applicable to our data)
 RLS in Power BI can be used to restrict data
access for given users. Filters restrict data
Module 4: access at the row level, and you can define
filters within roles. In the Power BI Service,
Row-Level members of a workspace have access to
datasets in the workspace. RLS doesn’t
Security restrict this data access. In Desktop, you
set up the security roles and in the Service,
(RLS) you assign users to those roles.
 The Basics of Data Modeling

Implemented Dimensions and Hierarchies

Module 4: Defined relationships and Cardinality
Recap
Enforced Row-Level Security
 This module will introduce you to the
world of DAX and its true power for
Module 5: enhancing a model. You’ll learn about
Create aggregations and the concepts of quick
measures, measures, calculated tables,
Model and calculated columns to solve
calculation and data analysis problems.
Calculations You’ll learn about time intelligence
Using DAX functions and key performance indicators.
 DAX stands for Data Analysis Expressions and is the formula
language used in Power BI. The structure is somewhat
different than basic Excel functions as you will learn in this
module.

Module 5: DAX is a collection of functions, operators, and constants

that can be used in a formula, or expression, to calculate and
return one or more values.
What is DAX context enables you to perform dynamic analysis, in
which the results of a formula can change to reflect the
DAX? current row or cell selection and any related data.
We will be using the Sample Superstore, and Retail Sales
Analysis Desktop files in this module.
 Create Calculated Tables

Create Calculated Columns

Create Quick Measures

Module 5:
Lessons Create Measures

Working with Time Intelligence Functions and Key Performance

Indicators
 Understand DAX

Use DAX for simple formulas and expressions

Create calculated columns and tables

Module 5: Create quick measures and measures
Recap Work with time intelligence functions and Key Performance Indicators
 This module will introduce you to the
steps, processes, concepts, and data
modeling best practices necessary to
Module 6: optimize a data model for enterprise-level
Optimize performance. We’ll be using the Retail
Analysis Sample Desktop file from the
Model previous module and the Sample
Performance Superstore Desktop file created in Module
2.
 Use DirectQuery

Understand the Importance of Variables

Module 6:
Lessons Other Optimization Techniques
 So far, we have imported data into Power BI.
When doing so, we’ve loaded all the data from
Module 6: the data source into Power BI. In some cases,
this creates a large file size and causes some
Optimize performance issues. When you refresh in
Power BI Desktop, it literally re-loads all the
DirectQuery data back into the data model. Depending on
the size of the model, this could be a lengthy
Models process that you perform multiple times a day.
 If file size is a consideration and the data is very large and/or data is
changing frequently and reports must reflect the latest data, use
DirectQuery. DirectQuery connects directly to data in the original
source repository (SQL Server, Azure Analysis Services, etc.) and no
Module 6: data is imported into Power BI. When visualizations are created,
queries are sent to the underlying data source to retrieve necessary

When to use data.

Upon refresh, the necessary queries are resent for each visual for

DirectQuery
updating.
When publishing reports to the service, you will see a dataset as
well as the reports, however, no data is included in the dataset.
vs. Import There is additional detailed information in the Word document
Website Links and Additional Info in the video description.
 Direct Query = 7 KB
Module 6:
File Size –
Import vs. Retail Sample Analysis = 9,453 KB
DirectQuery
 As a data modeler, writing and debugging some DAX calculations can
be challenging. It's common that complex calculation requirements
often involve writing compound or complex expressions. Compound
expressions can involve the use of many nested functions, and possibly
the reuse of expression logic. Using variables in your DAX formulas
helps you write complex and efficient calculations.
Module 6:
What are You can store the result of an expression as a named variable, which
can then be passed as an argument to other measure expressions.
Variables? Once resultant values have been calculated for a variable expression,
those values do not change, even if the variable is referenced in
another expression.
 Improve performance
Module 6: Improve readability
Understand
the Simplify debugging
Importance
of Variables Reduce complexity
 Optimizing Power BI Reports
• Apply the most restrictive filters
• Limit visuals on report pages
Module 6: • Evaluate custom visual performance
Other Optimizing the Environment
Optimization • Capacity settings
Techniques • Gateway sizing
• Network latency
 Using DirectQuery for enhanced performance

Using Variables in DAX functions to reduce complexity.

• The result of the expression is stored in the variable upon declaration. It doesn't

Module 6: have to be recalculated each time it is used, as it would without using a variable.

Recap Other Optimization Techniques

More detailed information in Website Links and Additional Info

Word Doc in Video Description
 This module introduces you to the fundamental
concepts and principles of designing and
building a report, including selecting the correct
visuals, designing a page layout, and applying
Module 7: basic but critical functionality. The important
topic of designing for accessibility is also
Create covered.
Reports We’ll be using the Retail Sample Analysis
Desktop file we’ve been working in and the
Histogram Excel file for this module.
 Design and Create a Report

Enhance the Report

Configure Visual Fields and Format Properties

Create and Configure Sync Slicers

Module 7:
Create a Drill-Through Page

Apply Conditional Formatting

Lessons Create and Use Bookmarks

Histograms

Accessibility
 With drill-through in Power BI reports,
you can create a page in your report that
focuses on a specific entity such as a
Module 7: category, store, or territory. When your
Create a report readers use drill-through, they
right-click a data point in other report
Drill-through pages, and drill through to the focused
Page page to get details that are filtered to that
context.
 There are two main categories of
accessibility features in Power BI.
Built-in accessibility features requiring
Module 7: no configuration.
Accessibility Built-in accessibility features requiring
configuration.
 Keyboard navigation

Module 7: Screen-reader compatibility

Built-in High contrast colors view
Accessibility
Focus mode
(no
configuration) Show data table
 Alt text

Module 7: Tab order

Built-in Titles & labels
Accessibility
Markers
(configuration
required) Report themes
 Design, Enhance, Configure and Format Report

Create and Configure Sync Slicers

Create a Drill-Through Page

Apply Conditional Formatting

Module 7:
Create and Use Bookmarks
Recap
Histograms

Accessibility
 In this module you will learn how to tell a
compelling story using dashboards and the
different navigation tools available. You’ll learn
the features and functionality and how to
Module 8: enhance dashboards for usability and insights.
Create We’ll be using the Sample Superstore – OD
dataset that we published to the Power BI
Dashboards Service in Module 2 as well as the Microsoft©
Forms and Power Automate apps in this
Module.
 Create a Dashboard
• Pin Visuals

Real-time Dashboards
• Use a form

Module 8: Enhance a Dashboard

Lessons Configure a Dashboard Tile Alert

Use Q&A for Analysis

 Dashboards are created in the
Power BI Service. They can
contain report visualizations,
videos, audio, text boxes and
web content including other
dashboards or reports.
Module 8:
What is a
Dashboard? You can share dashboards,
have conversations about them
both in the Service or in Teams.
You can even subscribe
yourself and others to email
alerts regarding dashboards.
 Gives users ability to stream data and update
dashboards in real-time.

Module 8: Data can be from various sources

Streaming • Social Media, Online Forms
Real-time
Data Real-time datasets are created in the Service
 Push Datasets
• API
Module 8:
Three Types Streaming Dataset
of Real-time • Azure Stream

Datasets PubNub Dataset

 Capability Push Streaming PubNub
Dashboard Yes. Yes. Yes.
updates in For visuals built For custom For custom streaming tiles added
real time as via reports and streaming tiles directly to dashboard
data is pinned to added directly
pushed in dashboard to dashboard

Dashboard No. Yes. Yes.

Module 8: tiles update
with
smooth

Comparison animation

Data stored Yes. No. No.

of Dataset permanentl
y in Power
BI for
Data is
temporarily
stored for one

Types historic
analysis.
hour to render
visuals.

Build Power Yes. No. No.

BI Reports
atop the
data.
 Creates database
• Maintains history

Power BI visualizations can be used

Module 8:
Real-Time Real-Time in Dashboards
• No need to refresh visuals
Push Dataset
Cannot pin live page
 Create a Dashboard
• Pin Visuals

Real-time Dashboards
• Create a Form and Use Power Automate

Enhance a Dashboard
• Themes
• Video

Module 8: Configure a Dashboard Tile Alert

• Only for guage, card, and KPI visuals

Recap Use Q&A and Quick Insights for Analysis

• Add results to Dashboard

Set Featured and Favorite Dashboards

Configure for Mobile View

 Paginated reports are designed to be printed
and/or published. They can also be exported
Module 9: to PDF or PowerPoint. They are formatted to
fit well on a page. They display all the data in
Create a table even if it spans multiple pages.
Paginated Paginated reports are only available in
Premium workspaces.
Reports in We will be accessing a sample dataset from
Power BI within the Power BI Service.
 Report Builder is the only authoring tool for paginated reports

Use Power BI Report Builder:

• Develop reports

Module 9: • Preview reports

• Publish reports to the Service

Report Report Builder is a developer tool

Builder • Not a report consumption tool

Report Builder can be downloaded from within the Service or from the link in
the Website Links for Additional Information document in the video description.
 Use Power BI Report Builder
• Create Paginated Reports

Design a Multi-Page Report Layout

Module 9: • Define a Data Source
Lessons • Define a Dataset

Export a Report to PDF

 Explain Paginated Reports

Create Paginated Reports

Create and Configure a Data Source and Dataset

Module 9: Work with Tables
Recap Publish a Report

Print and Export Options

 This module introduces you to additional features
to enhance reports for analytical insights into the
data. You will be able to use reports for actual
Module 10: data analysis. You will learn how to perform
advanced analytics using AI visuals on the report
Perform for deeper and meaningful data insights.

Advanced We will be working in Power BI Desktop after a

brief task in the Service and will be using the
Analytics Sales and Marketing Sample.pbix file which we
will grab from the Service.
 Advanced Analytics
• Grouping
• Binning
• Drill Down/Up
• Analyze

Data Insights Through AI Visuals

Module 10: • Key Influencers

Lessons Create Animated Scatter Charts

Use a Visual to Forecast Values

Create Custom Advanced Analytics Visual

 Explore Advanced Analytics
• Grouping, Binning, Drill Down/Up, Analyze

Conduct Time-Series Analysis

• Animated Scatter Chart

Module 10: Use AI Visuals

Recap • Identify Outliers in Data using Key Influencers

Use the Advanced Analytics Custom Visual

• Shows Distribution of Data
 This module focus on managing
workspaces in the Power BI
Module 11: Service. You will learn how to
Manage share content, including reports
and dashboards, and how to
Workspaces distribute an App.
 Sharing and Managing Assets

Map Security Principals to Dataset Roles

Module 11:
Lessons Publish an App
 Admin

Member
Module 11:
Workspace Contribute
Roles
Viewer
 Capability Admin Member Contributor Viewer
Update/Delete WS Yes
Add/Remove Users, Yes
including other
Admins
Allow contributors Yes
to update the app

Module 11: for the WS

Add members with Yes Yes
lower permissions
Workspace Publish, unpublish,
and change app
Yes Yes

Roles permissions
 Capability Admin Member Contributor Viewer
Update an app Yes Yes If allowed
Share an item/app Yes Yes If allowed If allowed
Allow others to Yes Yes
reshare items
Feature apps on Yes Yes
colleagues’ Home
Module 11: Manage dataset
permissions
Yes Yes

Workspace
Roles
 Capability Admin Member Contributor Viewer
Feature Yes Yes Yes
dashboards/reports
on colleagues’
Home
Create/edit/delete Yes Yes Yes
content in WS
Publish reports to Yes Yes Yes
Module 11: the WS/delete
content
Workspace Create report in
another WS based
Yes Yes Yes

Roles on a dataset in this

WS
Copy a report Yes Yes Yes
 Capability Admin Member Contributor Viewer
Create goals based Yes Yes Yes
on a dataset in the
WS
Schedule data Yes Yes Yes
refreshes via the on-
premises gateway
Modify gateway Yes Yes Yes
Module 11: connection settings
View/interact with Yes Yes Yes Yes
Workspace an item
Read data stored in Yes Yes Yes Yes
Roles WS dataflows
 Understand Workspace Collaboration

Understand Workspace Roles

Module 11: Share a Dashboard
Recap
Distribute an App
 This module will teach you the
concepts of managing Power BI
Module 12: datasets, including setting
Manage parameters and dataset refresh.
Datasets in We will be using the Sample
Superstore-OD Desktop file that
Power BI was created in Module 2.
 Parameters

Module 12: Datasets

Lessons
Configure Dataset Refresh
 A parameter serves to easily store and manage
a value that can be reused.
Parameters give you the flexibility to
dynamically change the output of your queries
Module 12: depending on their value, and can be used for:
Parameters Changing the argument values for particular
transforms and data source functions.
Inputs in custom functions
 Understand Parameters

Module 12: Manage Datasets

Recap
Configure Dataset Refresh