Scribd
Upload
10 views

Life Processes 1

Uploaded by

advosunilsharma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
10 views

Life Processes 1

Uploaded by

advosunilsharma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 18

Bio Project

Life processes
Nutrition

Name - Vedansh Pandey


Class - XE
Roll no - 45
Define Nutrition
Nutrition is the process of taking food by an organism
and its utilisation by the body to build the body, for
growth, to repair the damaged parts of the body and
for energy.

There are two main modes of nutrition


- Autotrophic nutrition
-Heterotrophic nutrition
●Hetrotrophic Nutrition

In this nutrition organisms get their food directly or indirectly


from plants. Eg- animals, fungi, some bacteria and Humans

● Autotrophic Nutrition

In this nutrition organisms prepare their own food from simple


inorganic substances like carbon dioxide and water in the presence
of sunlight and chlorophyll. Eg- green plants and some bacteria.
types of hetrotrophic nutrition
Heterotrophic nutrition can be one of three types -:
holozoic
saprophytic
parasitic
holozoic nutrition
In this nutrition organisms take food directly and then
digests and absorbs it.
Eg :- amoeba, paramaecium, birds, fishes, human
beings etc.
saprohytic nutrition
In this nutrition organisms get their food from dead
and decaying organisms. They break down the food
material outside their body and then absorbs it.
Eg :- mushroom, bread mould, yeast, some bacteria
etc.
parasitic nutrition
In this nutrition organisms get their food from living
organisms (host) without killing them.

Eg -orchids, ticks, lice, round worm, tape worm,


plasmodium etc.
nutrition in plants
To get nutrition plants use a process known as
Photosynthesis

Photosynthes is the process by which plants prepare


food by using carbon dioxide and water in the
presence of sunlight and chlorophyll. Oxygen is
released in this process
process of photosynthesis
Photosynthesis takes place in three main steps. They
are :-

 i) Absorption of light energy by chlorophyll.


 ii) Conversion of light energy into chemical energy
and splitting up of water molecules into hydrogen and
oxygen.
iii) Reduction of carbon dioxide by hydrogen to form
carbohydrates.
Process of photosynthesis
what is chlorophyll ?
Chlorophyll is the green substance that absorbs
sunlight and uses its energy to synthesise
carbohydrates from CO2 and water. This process is
known as photosynthesis
Image of Chlorophyll under a microscope
what is stomata?
Stomata are tiny pores present in the leaves through
which exchange of gases takes place. Each stoma has a
pair of guard cells which controls the opening and
closing of the stomatal pore. When water enters the
guard cells, it swells and the pore opens and when the
guard cells lose water, it shrinks and the pore closes.
nutrition in animals
Nutrition in amoeba:- Amoeba is a unicellular animal
living in water. It takes in food by forming finger like
projections known as pseudopodia and forms a food
vacuole. Inside the food vacuole the food is digested
and absorbed.
nutrition in human beings :
Nutrition in human beings takes place in the digestive
system. It consists of the alimentary canal and glands
which produce enzymes which breaks down food into
smaller molecules. The main organs of the digestive
system are- mouth, oesophagus, stomach, small
intestine, large intestine & anus
The main glands are salivary glands, gastric glands,
liver, pancreas and intestinal glands.
human digestive system
In the mouth to the stomach
 The food is broken down into smaller particles by the
teeth and mixed with saliva from the salivary glands.
Then the food passes through the oesophagus into the
stomach
the gastric glands produce gastric juice which contains
the enzyme pepsin, hydrochloric acid and mucous.
Pepsin breaks down proteins. Hydrochloric acid makes
the medium acidic and helps in the action of pepsin.
Mucous protects the walls of the stomach from the
action of the acid. Then the food passes into the small
intestine.
In the small intestine
Small Intestine - Most of the Nutrients and Minerals
are absorbed from the food in this organ
The walls of the small intestine has several finger like
projections having blood vessels. It helps to increase
the surface area for the absorption of digested food.
The digested food is absorbed by the blood and
transported to all cells in the body.
The walls of the small intestine makes digestive juices
or enzymes to absorb nutrients from the food
It lies between the stomach and large intestine
in the large intestine
 Large intestine is also known as the large bowl.

In here the water from the food is digested and the
waste is then removed through the anus

You might also like