Scribd
Upload
81 views11 pages

Prenatal Development and Birth: From Zygote To Newborn Risk Reduction The Birth Process

From conception to birth, human development progresses through three main periods: germinal, embryonic, and fetal. During the embryonic period from 3-8 weeks, major organs develop and the embryo is less than 2 inches long. In the fetal period from 9 weeks until birth, sex organs develop and brain development increases significantly. At around 22 weeks, a fetus may be viable outside the womb with medical assistance. Childbirth involves stages like labor and delivery, with variations that may require medical intervention. Newborns are assessed after birth using the Apgar scale to evaluate health.

Uploaded by

Miss-Kionna
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
81 views11 pages

Prenatal Development and Birth: From Zygote To Newborn Risk Reduction The Birth Process

From conception to birth, human development progresses through three main periods: germinal, embryonic, and fetal. During the embryonic period from 3-8 weeks, major organs develop and the embryo is less than 2 inches long. In the fetal period from 9 weeks until birth, sex organs develop and brain development increases significantly. At around 22 weeks, a fetus may be viable outside the womb with medical assistance. Childbirth involves stages like labor and delivery, with variations that may require medical intervention. Newborns are assessed after birth using the Apgar scale to evaluate health.

Uploaded by

Miss-Kionna
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 11

Kathleen Stassen

Part
Berger

Chapter
I Four

Prenatal Development and Birth

From Zygote to Newborn

Risk Reduction

The Birth Process

Prepared by Madeleine 1
Lacefield Tattoon, M.A.
From Zygote to Newborn
• Prenatal development is divided
into three main periods
– germinal Period (0-2 weeks)
– embryonic Period (3-8 weeks)
– fetal Period (9 weeks-birth)

2
From Zygote to Newborn
• Embryo: from the third through the
eighth week
– embryonic period (3-8 weeks)
• major organs develop
• at eight weeks, organism is less
than 2˝ long

3
From Zygote to Newborn
• Fetus: From the Ninth Week
Until Birth
– Fetal Period (9 weeks-birth)
• Sex organs develop
• Brain development is significant
• Age of viability occurs around 22
weeks
– fetus
• a developing organism from the
ninth week after conception until
birth
4
From Zygote to Newborn
• The Third Month
– the fetus has all its body
parts
– weighs approximately 3
ounces, about 3 inches long
– growth is rapid
– fetus is too small survive
outside of the womb
5
From Zygote to Newborn
• The Middle Three Months: Preparing
to
– inSurvive
the fourth, fifth
and sixth months the
heartbeat becomes
stronger
– the cardiovascular
system more active
– the brain increases
about six times in
size
• age of viability
– twenty-two weeks after
conception a fetus can
survive outside the
mother’s uterus if
specialized medical
care is available
6
From Zygote to Newborn
• The Final Three Months: From
Viability to Full Term
– Viability
• life outside the womb is possible
• born in the seventh month requires
intensive hospital care and life-
support systems
• difference between preterm and
newborn is the maturation of
neurological, respiratory,
cardiovascular systems
7
The Birth Process
• The Newborn’s First Minutes
– Apgar scale
• a quick assessment of a
newborn’s body functioning.
– color
– heart rate
– reflexes
– muscle tone
– respiratory effort

8
The Birth Process
• Variations
– medical Intervention
•cesarean section
– fetus is removed through incisions
in the mother’s abdomen and uterus
• birth complications
– includes anything in the newborn, the
mother, or the birth process itself
that requires special medical
attention
– anoxia
•a lack of oxygen that, if
prolonged during birth, can
cause brain damage or death to 9
the baby
The Birth Process
• Low Birthweight (LBW)
– the average weight of a newborn is 7½
lbs.
• LBW is considered less than 5½ lbs.
• preterm is less than 35 weeks
– lifestyle choices
• e.g., cigarette smoking accounts
for 25% of LBW births worldwide!
– maternal malnutrition
– multiple births
– prescription drugs
– unknown causes

10
The Birth Process
• Social Support
– Mother, Father, and a Good Start
– Help from fathers
• parental alliance – cooperation between a
mother and a father based on their mutual
communication to their children… the
parents agree to support each other in
their shared parental roles
• Postpartum Depression
– 8-15% of women experience postpartum
depression, a sense of inadequacy and
sadness after birth.
– includes irritability, sleep and eating
disruptions, sadness, feeling overwhelmed
and inadequate as a mom, no interest or
overly worried about baby.
11

You might also like