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Parabolic Trough Design SP PROJECT

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10 views27 pages

Parabolic Trough Design SP PROJECT

Uploaded by

n1f2
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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PARABOLIC

TROUGH DESIGN
“ Minor Project “ Solar Energy Applications

prepared by:
PARABOLIC TROUGH

 Parabolic Trough : is a type of solar thermal collector that is straight in one


dimension and curved as a parabola in the other two, lined with a polished metal
mirror, its plane of symmetry is focused along the focal line.

 Advantage:

1) The low cost


2) Parabolic troughs generate very high temperatures
Differences between Flat Plate Collectors and Parabolic Trough Collectors

Flat Plate Solar Collector Parabolic through Solar Collector


These collectors are also called non-concentrating type solar
These collectors are also called focusing type solar collectors.
collectors.
In this type of solar collector, the collector area is very large
In this type of solar collector, the collector area is equal to the
sometimes hundreds of times more than that of the absorber
absorber area.
area.
The intensity of insolation is small. The intensity of insolation is very large.
The reflecting surfaces require more material. The reflecting surface requires less material.
The working fluid in this type of collector does not attain a high The working fluid in this type of collector attains very high
temperature. temperatures.
There is no use of mirrors and lenses to concentrate the sun's For focusing the sun's radiation, an arrangement of lenses and
rays. mirrors is designed.
The efficiency of the flat plate collector is low. The efficiency of concentrating type collector is high.
These collectors are cheaper. These collectors are expensive.
Surface treatment required to reduce heat losses and to improve Surface treatment required to reduce heat losses, and to improve
collector efficiency is not economical. the collector efficiency is economical.
The absorber gets uniform solar flux. The absorber gets non-uniform solar flux.
PARABOLIC TROUGH DESIGN
 Problem statement:
 A cylindrical parabolic collector located in
Mumbai, operating in tracking mode II, is
used for heating a thermic fluid.
 The concentrator has an aperture of 1.25 m and
a length of 3.657 m, while the absorber tube
(3.81 cm inner and 4.135 cm outer diameter)
has a concentric glass cover (5.60 cm inner and
6.30 cm outer diameter) around it.
 A twisted tape with a tape twist ratio of 4 is
used inside the absorber tube.
PARABOLIC TROUGH DESIGN

 Values of other design parameters of the collector are as follows:

 Specular reflectivity of concentrator surface : 0.85


 Glass cover transmissivity for solar radiation : 0.85
 Glass cover emissivity/absorptivity : 0.88
 Absorber tube emissivity/absorptivity : 0.95
 Intercept factor : 0.95
PARABOLIC TROUGH DESIGN

 Values of the operational and meteorological parameters are as follows:

 Date : April 15

 Time : 1230 h (LAT)

 : 705 W/m2

 : 949 W/m2
 Wind heat transfer coefficient :

 Ambient temperature : 31.9°C

 Wind speed : 5.3 m/s

 Mass flow rate of thermic fluid : 0.0986 kg/s

 Inlet temperature : 150°C


PARABOLIC TROUGH DESIGN

 Calculate:

1) The slope of the aperture plane and the angle of incidence on the aperture plane.
2) The absorbed flux S
3) The convective heat transfer coefficient on the inside surface of the absorber tube.
4) The collector heat-removal factor and overall loss coefficient.
5) The exit temperature of the thermic fluid.
6) The instantaneous efficiency.
7) The pressure drop.
1) Slope of the Aperture Plane and Angle of Incidence

 Solution:
In tracking mode II, the slope of the aperture plane and angle of incidence are
given by Eqs (6.9) and (6.10)
From table 1.6.1
-April 15, n=105

-Latitude of Mubami

=19.12
1) Slope of the Aperture Plane and Angle of Incidence

 We need determine the Declination:

= 9.415
 Estimation of solar time by the following equation :

where E is the equation of time :


1) Slope of the Aperture Plane and Angle of Incidence

 °

 Hour angle:
1) Slope of the Aperture Plane and Angle of Incidence

 Now we can calculate slop of aperture

9.705

 Angle of Incidence:

= 0.9942158521
= 6.165
2) The absorbed flux S

 Calculate

= 1.015960368
2) The absorbed flux S

 Now For S

=0.85 , =0.95 , =0.85 , =0.04135 m , = 1.25 m


= 750 W/m2 , = 1.015960368

540.889989 W / m2
3) convective heat transfer coefficient hf

 Properties will be taken at mean fluid temperature of 150C:

 3 ,
= 2.42 × 10-6 m2/s , Cp = 2.449 kJ/kg-k , k = 0.119 W/m-k

 Average Velocity : , = 0.0986 kg/s , D it= 0.0381 m


 = = 0.1152662424 m/s

 Reynolds No.: = = 1814.728858

 Prandtl No.: = = 37.36733592


3) convective heat transfer coefficient hf

 Where X = Tape twist ratio (4)

 = 61.69744153

 = 61.69744153
4) The collector heat-removal factor and overall loss coefficient

 Assume
 The collector efficiency:

 Heat removal factor:

 L= 3.657 m
4) The collector heat-removal factor and overall loss coefficient

 Concentration ratio
 Useful heat gain rate: )] , = 150 ,
 )] = 1437.91077 W
 Rate of heat loss:
4) The collector heat-removal factor and overall loss coefficient

 Now calculate the value of corresponding to this value of and show that it is equal to the assum
value.
 Assume
 For natural convection inside enclosures at
 Properties will be taken at mean fluid temperature of 11C:

 3 ,
v = 2.42 × 10-6 m2/s , Cp = 1.02 kJ/kg-k , k = 0.03195 W/m-k
 , = 0.056 m
4) The collector heat-removal factor and overall loss coefficient

 Properties will be taken at mean fluid temperature of 4C:

 3 ,
v = 0.000017 m2/s , Cp = 1.006 kJ/kg-k , k = 0.027 W/m-k , Pr=0.7231

 C1=0.174 , n= 0.618


4) The collector heat-removal factor and overall loss coefficient

 =0.88 , =0.95 , = 5.67 W/m2-k4

 , = 34.119 , =31.9+273=304.9 k , 𝑻𝒔𝒌𝒚 = 𝑻𝒂 − 6 = 298.9 k

 The two value of match with each other.


4) The collector heat-removal factor and overall loss coefficient

 The corresponding value of is given by :

 Which is close to the original guess.


5) The Exit Temperature

 Equating the heat gained by the fluid to the useful heat


gain rate, we get:
6) The instantaneous efficiency

 Calculate :

 = 0.9930 ,
6) The instantaneous efficiency

𝑞𝑢 1437. 91077
𝜂𝑖𝑏= = =0. 43916839
7) The pressure drop

 = 13.0964

 2366048
7) The pressure drop

 , Average Velocity = 0.1152662424 m/s


THANK
YOU

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