Section 1

Introduction to Islam
 Concept of Islam.
 Importance of Din in Human Life.
 Difference between Din and Religion.
 Distinctive Aspects of Islam.
 Islamic Beliefs & its Impact on Individual & Society and the
Fundamentals of Islam
 Islamic Worships: Spiritual, Moral and Social Impacts
 Past Paper Questions
 What is the difference between Deen and Religion? Describe the importance of
Deen in human life with arguments. (2016)
 Define the meaning of prayer and its different categories. Also describe the
spiritual, moral and social impact of prayers. (2016)
 Who are entitled to receive Zakat according to the Quran? Elucidating social
impact of Zakat, clarify how can poverty be alleviated with its distribution in
Islamic Society? (2017)
 Write a comprehensive note on Zakat system of Islam and its spiritual, moral
and social impacts. (2018)
 Write a comprehensive note on Hajj (the pilgrimage) system of Islam and its
spiritual, moral and social impacts. (2019)
 What is belief in the Day of Judgment ? Explore its effects on individual and
collective lives of human beings. (2021)
 Past Paper Questions
 Describe the importance of Deen (Doctrine of life) in human life. Differentiate
between Deen and Religion. (2022)
 What is the Qur’anic argument on the Life Hereafter? What are its impacts on
the individual and collective life of a human being? (2023)
 Concept of Islam

- Islam comes from the Arabic root word ‫سلم‬

- In literal sense, it means to surrender, yield, submit etc.
- Another literal translation is peace.
- Terminologically, it means to submit one’s will to the will of the Almighty
- One who submits their will to the Almighty, Allah will grant them with peace and
contentment.
- “Embrace Islam (submit) and you will get salvation.” (Bukhari & Muslim)
- “Islam has been built on five [pillars]: testifying that there is no deity worthy of
worship except Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah,
establishing the salah (prayer), paying the zakat (obligatory charity), making the
hajj (pilgrimage) to the House, and fasting in Ramadhan.” (Bukhari & Muslim)
One day while Allah's Messenger SAW was sitting with the people, a man came to him walking and said, "O
Allah's Messenger, what is Belief?" The Prophet said, "Belief is to believe in Allah, His Angels, His Books,
His Apostles, and the meeting with Him, and to believe in the Resurrection." The man asked, "O Allah's
Messenger ,what is Islam?" The Prophet replied, "Islam is to worship Allah and not worship anything
besides Him, to offer prayers perfectly, to pay the (compulsory) charity i.e. Zakat and to fast the
month of Ramadan." The man again asked, "O Allah's Messenger, what is Ihsan (i.e. perfection or
Benevolence)?" The Prophet said, "Ihsan is to worship Allah as if you see Him, and if you do not achieve
this state of devotion, then (take it for granted that) Allah sees you." The man further asked, "O Allah's
Messenger, when will the Hour be established?" The Prophet replied, "The one who is asked about it does
not know more than the questioner does, but I will describe to you its portents. When the lady slave gives
birth to her mistress, that will be of its portents; when the bare-footed naked people become the chiefs of the
people, that will be of its portents. The Hour is one of five things which nobody knows except Allah. Verily,
the knowledge of the Hour is with Allah (alone). He sends down the rain, and knows that which is in the
wombs." (31.34) Then the man left. The Prophet said, "Call him back to me." They went to call him back but
could not see him. The Prophet said, "That was Gabriel who came to teach the people their religion.
(Bukhari)
 Difference between Deen & Religion
(Mazhab)
Mazhab
- In literal sense, it means a path/road.
- In terminology, it refers to a set of beliefs, rituals and social customs.
- Concerns a person’s individual and personal life.
- Has relatively a narrower scope than ‘deen’.

Deen
- In literal sense, it refers to a number of meanings such as, religion, belief, anything
through which God is worshipped, government, judgment, Day of Judgment, way of life
etc.
- In terminology, it refers to Islam; the way of life chosen for mankind by Allah SWT.
- It consists of a set of beliefs, rituals, social customs and a complete code of life
- Whenever Allah SWT has referred to Islam in the Quran, He has used the word ‘deen’,
instead of ‘mazhab’ due to its wider scope.
“This day I have perfected your deen for you, completed my favor upon you, and
have chosen Islam for you as your deen.” (Al-Maidah – 3)
“Surely the true deen in the sight of Allah is Islam.” (Aal e Imran – 19)
“He is the One who has sent down His Messenger with guidance and the faith of
truth (deen), so that He makes it prevail over every other faith, no matter how the
idolaters hate it.” (At-Tawbah – 33)

Conclude by saying;
- Islam not only provides a set of beliefs and rituals, but also a complete code of life
consisting of a social, political, economic, judicial and administrative system for the
humanity to follow so that they may be successful in both the worlds.
- The motive of our lives as described by the Quran is to worship Allah;
“I did not create the Jinns and the humans except for the purpose that they should worship
me.” (Az-Zariyat – 56)
- However, worshipping Him all our lives is not possible if worship is limited to a set of rituals
as we, as humans, have humanely needs.
- That is why Allah has gifted us with Islam; a complete code of life.
- It guides us with a complete manual, and provide us with all kinds of systems needed to lead
our lives.
- If one wishes, he can perform every act, worldly or spiritual, according to the teachings of
Islam, and thus, worship Allah all their life.
 Importance of Din in Human Life
1. Provides Guidance
“ Surely this Quran guides to that which is most upright and gives good news to the
believers who do good that they shall have a great reward.” (Bani Israel – 9)

2. Defines the Primary Motive of this Life

“I did not create the Jinns and the humans except for the purpose that they should worship
me.” (Az-Zariyat – 56)

3. Helps us Distinguish between Right & Wrong

- With the help of Quran & Sunnah
- If everyone was to decide themselves, there would be limit to people’s minds
4. Provides a Code of Life
The word ‘Deen’ itself means a general and comprehensive code of life. Not only does it provide us with
a set of rituals and beliefs, but also provides us with guidance to lead a happy and productive life.

5. Provides All Kinds of Systems

- Judicial, Economic, Administrative, Political, Social etc.
(Mention the above systems in general without any specific details)

6. A Spiritual Cure for All Times

“And We reveal of the Quran that which is a healing and a mercy to the believers, and it adds only to the
perdition of the unjust.” (Bani Israel - 82)

7. Source of Wisdom & Enlightenment

“And Allah has revealed to you the Book and the wisdom, and He has taught you what you did not know,
and Allah’s grace on you is very great.” (An-Nisaa – 113)
- How Quran is being interpreted from the time of the Prophet SAW till date and every new
commentary on the Quran sheds light on something new
- Along with the scientific & technological advancements, how Quran & Sunnah are being interpreted in
new manners
 Distinctive Aspects of Islam
1. A Universal Religion
- For all mankind regardless of race, color, language etc.
“And We have not sent you except to all mankind as a bringer of good tidings and
a warner.” (Saba – 28)

2. An Eternal Religion
- This is the chosen deen till the Day of Judgment
“This day I have perfected your deen for you, completed my favor upon you, and
have chosen Islam for you as your deen.” (Al-Maidah – 3)

3. Quran; Protected by Allah Himself

- Cannot ever be changed or fabricated
“We Ourselves have sent down the Zikr (Quran), and We are there to protect it.”
(Al-Hijr – 9)
4. A Complete Code of Life
- The word ‘deen’ instead of mazhab is used to refer to it in the Quran,
- Not merely a set of beliefs and rituals, but a complete way of life.
- Encompasses a number of systems and laws.
“This day I have perfected your deen for you, completed my favor upon you, and
have chosen Islam for you as your deen.” (Al-Maidah – 3)
“Surely the true deen in the sight of Allah is Islam.” (Aal e Imran – 19)

5. A Moderate Religion
“In the same way We made you a moderate Ummah.” (Al-Baqarah – 143)
“A group of three men came to the houses of the wives of the Prophet asking how the Prophet
worshipped (Allah), and when they were informed about that, they considered their worship
insufficient and said, "Where are we from the Prophet as his past and future sins have been forgiven."
Then one of them said, "I will offer the prayer throughout the night forever." The other said, "I will fast
throughout the year and will not break my fast." The third said, "I will keep away from the women and
will not marry forever." Allah's Messenger came to them and said, "Are you the same people who said
so-and-so? By Allah, I am more submissive to Allah and more afraid of Him than you; yet I fast and
break my fast, I do sleep and I also marry women. So he who does not follow my tradition in religion,
is not from me (not one of my followers).” (Bukhari & Muslim)
6. Convenience
“A'isha, the wife of Allah's Apostle said that whenever he had to choose between two
things he adopted the easier one, provided it was nor sin, but if it was any sin he was the
one who was the farthest from it of the people; and Allah's Messenger never took
revenge from anyone because of his personal grievance, unless what Allah, the Exalted
and Glorious, had made inviolable had been violated.” (Muslim)
"Religion is very easy and whoever overburdens himself in his religion will not be able to
continue in that way. So you should not be extremists, but try to be near to perfection
and receive the good tidings that you will be rewarded; and gain strength by worshipping
in the mornings, the afternoons, and during the last hours of the nights.“ (Bukhari)
“Make things easy and do not make them difficult, cheer the people up by conveying glad
tidings and do not repulse them.” (Bukhari & Muslim)

7. Promotes Peace
- The Prophet’s peaceful nature
“And we have not sent you but as mercy for all worlds.” (Al-Anbiyaa – 107)
- The last sermon at Hajj
- Abu Moosa R.A. says: “I asked the Messenger of Allah - Who is the most excellent
among the Muslims?" He said, "One from whose tongue and hands the other
Muslims are secure.” (Bukhari & Muslim)

8. Encouraged to Use Logic & Reason

- The concept of Ijtihad
- The Prophet’s habit of seeking consultation
“Do they not then ponder about the Quran/ Had it been from someone other than
Allah, they would have found in it a great deal of discrepancy.” (An-Nisaa – 82)

9. Ummah Given the Duty of the Prophets

- The Prophet SAW ordered his companions in his last sermon to convey his message to the
ones who were not yet exposed to it.
“You are the best Ummah ever raised for mankind. You bid the fair and forbid the
unfair, and you believe in Allah.” (Aal e Imran – 110)
 Islamic Beliefs & Their Impacts
1. Tawhid – Oneness of Allah

- There is no deity except for the Almighty Allah

- He is alone worthy of worship & all kinds of praise
- He has no beginning and no end
- He has created everything from scratch without the help of any other being, and He
provides sustenance for all living creatures
- Tawhid can be categorized into three types

1. Tawhid/Oneness in Person (‫)توحيد في الذات‬

- He is the One and Only and has no partner
- Refer to Surah Ikhlas
2. Unity/Oneness in Attributes (‫)توحيد في الصفات‬
- He alone is worthy of all the attributes
- “And to Allah belong the best names, so invoke Him by them.” (Al-A’araf - 180)
- “God, there is no god but He, His are the Most Beautiful Names.” (Taha – 8)
- Mention some of His attributes such as; The King, The Most Merciful, The Almighty, The
Creator etc.

3. Unity/Oneness in Actions (‫)توحيد في االفعال‬

- He alone is the Creator and Sustainer of everything
- He takes help from no one
- “To God belongs the sovereignty of the heavens and the earth and what lies in
them, and He has power over everything.” (Al-Maidah – 120)
- He alone manages everything that He has created alone
 Impacts on an Individual & Society
1. Gives a Primary Purpose to Life
- That One Supreme Entity has created me and put me on top of all other living beings.
There must be a reason for my existence.

2. Inculcates Self-Respect
- A sense of pride that Allah has created me. And He says;
“We have honored the Children of Adam, and carried them on land and sea, and
provided them with good things, and greatly favored them over many of those We
created.” (Al-Israa – 70)

3. Inculcates Humility & Modesty

- Who am I in front of the Almighty.
- He is watching my every step and is aware of what goes in my head.
“Allah says: ‘Pride is My cloak and greatness My robe, and whoever competes with Me
with regard to either of them, I shall throw him into Hell.” (Ibn Maajah)
4. Induces a Sense of Self-Accountability
- He will gather everyone one day and ask them about their deeds.
“We will set up the scales of justice for the Day of Resurrection, so that no soul will
suffer the least injustice. And even if it be the weight of a mustard-seed, We will bring it
up. Sufficient are We as Reckoners.” (Al-Anbiyaa – 47)
“Whoever has done an atom's weight of good will see it. And whoever has done an
atom's weight of evil will see it.” (Az-Zilzaal 7-8)

5. Inculcates Trust & Hope in Allah

- If He is capable of so many majestic actions, He sure will take care of me.
“And why should we not trust in God, when He has guided us in our ways? We will
persevere in the face of your persecution. And upon God the reliant should rely.”
(Ibrahim – 12)
“Say, “O My servants who have transgressed against themselves: do not despair of
God’s mercy, for God forgives all sins. He is indeed the Forgiver, the Clement.” (Az-
Zumar – 53)
6. Instills Peace & Contentment
- One who believes in only one God, is granted peace, satisfaction and focus.
“Those who believe, and whose hearts find comfort in the remembrance of God. Surely, it
is in the remembrance of God that hearts find comfort.” (Ar-Ra’d – 28)

7. Eternal Success
- Only a believer in One God will grant the believer with eternal success
“Those who believe, and those who are Jewish, and the Christians, and the Sabeans—
any who believe in God and the Last Day, and act righteously—will have their reward with
their Lord; they have nothing to fear, nor will they grieve.” (Al-Baqarah – 62)

8. Equality Among all Humans

- Everyone is equal in the eyes of the Almighty
- No one is superior on the basis of color, race and creed.
“He is dearer to Allah who is more pious.” (Al-Hujuraat 13)
9. Instills Brotherhood
- Creates a sense of uniformity
“Certainly all Muslims are brothers.” (Al-Hujuraat – 10)
 Belief in Angels
- Allah has created Angels out of light
- They do not have any sort of humanly desires
- They do not have free will
- They cannot disobey Allah in any way whatsoever
“they do not disobey Allāh in what He commands them but do what they are
commanded.” (At-Tahrim - 6)
- Four superior angels; Jibreel, Mikaeel, Israfeel, Israail
- Millions of others ready to obey Allah SWT
- Bait ul Ma’moor – House of Allah in the skies. 70,000 angels perform tawaaf around it
everyday. Those who perform it once, never get to perform it ever again.
- Kiraaman Katibeen – The scribes who note down every deed of humans
- Munkar Nakeer – The ones who question the deceased once he is placed in the grave.
 Belief in Akhirah; The Life Hereafter
- Muslims believe that this life is temporary and is merely a test for all mankind
- The life hereafter (Aakhirah) is permanent and everlasting. It will never end as death itself
will be abolished.
“While the Hereafter is much better and much more durable.” (Al-A’la – 17)
- Only two destinations; Jannah; Allah’s guesthouse for His obedient servants
Jahaanam; Where Allah will punish the non-believers and
those who go against his commands.
- The fate of every human being will be decided on the basis of their deeds.
“Then for the one who had rebelled, and preferred the worldly life (to the Hereafter),
Hell will be the abode. Whereas for the one who feared to stand before his Lord, and
restrained his self from the evil, Paradise will be the abode.” (An-Nazi’at – 37 – 41)
“The as for him whose scales (of good deeds) are heavy, he will be in a happy life. But
he whose scales are light, his abode will be Abyss. And what may you know what
Abyss is. A blazing Fire!” (Al-Qari’ah – 6 – 11)
- It is only logical to believe in Aakhirah
- 100% justice can never be provided in this life
- Many pass away without paying the price of their bad deeds, or getting the true reward
of their good deeds.
- This world is merely an examination hall
- Rewards and punishments will only be handed out in the Hereafter
- Allah SWT is just and fair. It cannot be imagined from Him that He will not account for
the actions of His creatures who are given free will.
 Impacts of Belief in Aakhirah
1. Sense of Self Accountability
2. Helps in leading a meaningful life
3. Helps in leading a humble life
4. Helps in promoting justice
5. Makes a person patient. Helps in facing the problems of this life in a brave
manner.
- How the companions were able to face hardships
- The Prophet’s motivation of Jannah to Ammar R.A. and his family
6. Does not let a person get too immersed in this life
7. Makes a person grateful
8. Helps stay steadfast in the actual purpose of this life
 Islamic Worships (Ibaadah) & Their Impacts
- Ibaadah literally refers to servitude – ‫عبوديت‬
- We are servants to our Creator, therefore, must do as we are told by our master, and lead
our lives according to the purpose given to us by Him.
- Purpose; “I did not create the Jinns and the humans except for the purpose that they
should worship me.” (Az-Zariyat – 56)
- We are blessed with a set of different worships that help us stay in constant touch with
Allah.
- Some are to be performed daily, some once a year, and some once in a lifetime.
- Worships can be categorized into three types:
1. Physical – Salaat, Saum
2. Financial – Zakaat
3. Physical & Financial - Hajj
 Prayer (Salaat)
- In literal sense, the word ‘salaat’ refers to dua/prayer
- In terminology, it refers to the obligatory five daily prayers
- It is an important pillar of Islam, and the only worship obligated to be offered daily
- Five obligatory prayers
- Obligated in the 10th year of Prophet hood when the Prophet SAW was called upon the
skies (Mairaj)
- The first and only worship to be obligated in Makki era
- Fajr – Dawn to Sunrise
- Zuhr – After noon until the shadow of everything is thrice its size
- Asr – From the time the shadow of everything is thrice its size until sunset
- Maghrib – From sunset until complete darkness
- Isha – From complete darkness until dawn
Importance of Salaat
- The word; ‘salaat’ has been mentioned in the Quran more than 60 times
- It is the first deed which will be accounted for on the Day of Judgment
“The first deed a man would be accounted for on the Day of Judgment is Salaat. If it
turns out good, all his other deeds will also turn out good. And if it turns out bad, all
his other deeds will also turn out bad.” (Tabraani)

- It is a distinguishing factor between a Muslim and a non-Muslim

“Between man and polytheism and disbelief is the abandonment of salaat.” (Muslim)

“The companions of the Prophet SAW did not consider the abandonment of any good
deed as disbelief, except for salaat.” (Tirmizi)
 Impacts of Salaat on an Individual &
Society

1. Spiritual Elevation
- A source of getting close to Allah
“The nearest a servant comes to his Lord is when he is prostrating, so increase your
prayers (in this state).” (Muslim)

2. Cleansing from Sins

- Salaat is a source of atonement of sins
“Abu Dharr said that the Prophet went out in winter time when the leaves were
falling, and took two branches of a tree whose leaves began to fall. He then
addressed Abu Dharr who replied, “At your service, Messenger of God.” He said, “A
Muslim observes prayer for God’s sake and his sins fall from him as these leaves fall
from this tree.” (Mishkat)
3. Source of Purification for the Body
- Through wuzu
“O you who believe! When you rise to pray, wash your faces and your hands and arms
to the elbows, and wipe your heads, and your feet to the ankles. If you had intercourse,
then purify yourselves.” (Al-Maidah – 6)

4. A Connection between Allah and Man

- The best mean of communicating with Allah SWT
“And your Lord says; Call on Me, I will answer your prayer.” (Al-Momin - 60)
- The nearest a person is with his Lord

5. A Way to Seek Help from Allah

“O you who believe! Seek help through patience and salaat.” (Al-Baqarah – 45)

6. Helps Stay Away from Evil

“Surely salaat restrains one from shameful and evil acts.” (Al-Ankaboot – 45)
7. Makes one punctual
“Prayer is enjoined upon believers at a stated time.” (An-Nisaa – 103)

8. Sense of contentment and satisfaction

“Surely, it is in the remembrance of God that hearts find comfort.” (Ar-Ra’d – 28)

Social Impacts
(Conditional with Prayer in Congregation)

1. Strengthens social setup

2. Instills modesty
3. Instills love & affection for other Muslim brothers
4. Tolerance towards others
5. Helps in strengthening unity
 Zakat
- In literal sense, the word zakat has two meanings; to purify, and growth/increase
- In terminology, it is the amount to be taken out by a Muslim from his wealth every year,
provided that it reaches the prescribed amount (i.e. wealth equivalent to 52.5 tolas of
silver).
- A person must calculate all his wealth at the end of each lunar year, and pay 2.5% of it as
zakat.
- It is one of the five pillars of Islam
- Was obligated in the second year of Hijrah
- Allah SWT has commanded us to pay zakat along with offering the five daily prayers
“And perform the prayer, and give alms (zakat).” (Al-Baqarah – 110)
- Allah ordered His Prophet to collect zakat from the people.
“Receive contributions from their wealth, to purify them and sanctify them with it; and
pray for them.” (At-Taubah – 103)
- It is to be distributed to one of the eight prescribed categories of people mentioned in the
Quran
 The Eight Categories
- Mentioned in the Quran
“Charities are for the poor, and the destitute, and those who administer them, and
for reconciling hearts, and for freeing slaves, and for those in debt, and in the path
of God, and for the traveler in need—an obligation from God. God is All-Knowing,
Most Wise.” (At-Taubah – 60)

1. Faqir – One who has insufficient means of survival / poor

2. Miskeen – One who has nothing / extremely poor
3. ‘Amileen – Zakat collectors
4. Muallafat ul Quloob – New reverts to Islam. To keep them steadfast
5. Riqab – For the freedom of slaves
6. Gharimeen – Those in debt
7. Fi Sabil Lillah – In the path of Allah
8. Ibn us Sabeel - Travelers
 Impacts of Zakat

1. Spiritual Elevation
“Receive contributions from their wealth, to purify them and sanctify them with it; and
pray for them.” (At-Taubah – 103)

2. Cleanses a Person’s Wealth

- It literally means to purify and cleanse.
- Plus the above verse

3. Removes the Love of Wealth

- The more a person spends something, the more his love for it decreases. Whereas,
accumulating something without spending it, makes a person greedy for it.
4. Instills Modesty & Humbleness
- Will result in an interaction with the poor and needy, leading towards humbleness

5. Instills Gratefulness
- The payer will realize the blessing of Allah SWT on him if he acknowledges that he is
paying instead of receiving.

6. Increase and Barakah in the Remaining Wealth

“God condemns usury, and He blesses charities.” (Al-Baqarah – 276)
“Say, “My Lord extends the provision to whomever He wills of His servants, or
withholds it. Anything you spend, He will replace it. He is the Best of providers.” (Saba
– 39)
“The usury you practice, seeking thereby to multiply people’s wealth, will not multiply
with God. But what you give in charity, desiring God’s approval—these are the
multipliers.” (Ar-Rum – 39)
 Social Impacts

1. Circulation of Wealth
- Redistribution from the rich to the poor and needy

2. Balanced Society
- Will help in reducing the gap between rich and poor

3. Poverty Alleviation
- Everyone will at least have access to all the basic needs of life

4. Eradication of Crimes such as Theft

- Most of the robberies and thefts are committed when one does not have means of
sustenance. Zakat will solve this problem.
5. Eradication of Social Evils such as Jealousy, Envy etc.
- The poor will not get jealous of the rich earning and having more wealth than them

6. Helps Strengthening Unity & Brotherhood

- The poor will acknowledge the fact that the rich do not keep their wealth to themselves.
 Saum (Fasting)

- Saum is one of the five pillars of Islam

- In literal sense, ‘saum’ means to refrain from something
- In terminology, it means refraining from food, water and intercourse from dawn
till sunset in the month of Ramadan
- It was made obligatory in the second year of Hijrah along with zakat
- It is a worship designed to keep the negative human emotions under check
- The month, Ramadan, is an opportunity for Muslims to train themselves for
good deeds, and prepare for the coming year.
- The month of Ramadan is a great opportunity for Muslims to earn handsome
amounts of rewards for the life Hereafter as the reward for every good deed is
multiplied.
“When there comes the month of Ramadan, the gates of mercy are opened,
and the gates of Hell are locked, and the devils are chained.” (Muslim)
 Impacts of Fasting
1. Spiritual Elevation
“O you who believe! Fasting is prescribed for you, as it was prescribed for those
before you, that you may become righteous.” (Al-Baqarah – 183)

2. Protection from Sins

“Whoever among you has the means, let him get married, for it is more effective in
lowering the gaze and guarding one’s chastity. And whoever cannot, then fasting
will be a shield for him.” (Nasai)

3. Highest Reward
“The Fast is for Me and I will give the reward for it, as he (the one who observes the
fast) leaves his sexual desire, food and drink for My Sake. Fasting is a screen (from
Hell) and there are two pleasures for a fasting person, one at the time of breaking his
fast, and the other at the time when he will meet his Lord. And the smell of the
mouth of a fasting person is better in Allah's Sight than the smell of musk.”
(Bukhari)
4. Instills Patience & Tolerance
- Leaving basic bodily needs grants a person with patience which is a desirable attribute

5. Helps in Avoiding Haraam

- Leaving halaal activities for the sake of Allah for a month helps a person in leaving haraam
activities for the rest of the year

6. Acceptance of Prayers
“There are three whose supplication is not rejected: The fasting person when he breaks
his fast, the just leader, and the supplication of the oppressed person; Allah raises it up
above the clouds and opens the gates of heaven to it. And the Lord says: ‘By My might, I
shall surely aid you, even if it should be after a while.” (Tirmizi)

7. A Mean of Seeking Allah’s Pleasure

“And the smell of the mouth of a fasting person is better in Allah's Sight than the smell of
musk.” (Bukhari)
 Social Impacts

1. Increased Care for the Poor & Needy

- Staying hungry and thirsty for the whole day will help in realizing the problems faced by
the poor.

2. Helps in Building a Tolerant and Patient Society

- Fasting teaches people to be patient. This will reflect in the society.

3. Positive Behavioral Changes Towards Each Other

4. Increased Hospitality Between Neighbors

5. A Display of Unity & Uniformity

 Hajj (Pilgrimage)
- A financial & physical worship
- In literal sense, ‘hajj’ means to intend a journey.
- In terminology, it is an act of worship obligatory only once in a lifetime on those who can
afford, to travel to Makkah in the month of Zil Hijjah and perform some specific rituals from
8th – 13th Zil Hijjah.
- It is only obligatory on those who can afford to travel, and only when the travel routes are
safe.
“It is obligatory on the people to perform Hajj of the House – on everyone who has the
ability to manage his way to it.” (Aal - e – Imran – 97)
- An act of love from man towards his creator as he travels from home to visit His house,
and worship Him as He Himself has prescribed.
- Its importance can be derived from the hadith;
“The Prophet SAW was asked, "Which is the best deed?" He said, "To believe in Allah
and His Apostle." He was then asked, "Which is the next (in goodness)?" He said, "To
participate in Jihad in Allah's Cause." He was then asked, "Which is the next?" He
said, "To perform Hajj-Mabrur.” (Bukhari)
 Impacts of Hajj
1. Spiritual Elevation
- Spending wealth and enduring the physical hardships results in strengthening the
faith of the pilgrim.

2. Cleansing from Sins

“The Prophet SAW said, "Whoever performs Hajj for Allah's pleasure and does
not have sexual relations with his wife, and does not do evil or sins then he will
return (after Hajj free from all sins) as if he were just born.” (Bukhari)

3. Remembrance of Death
- The clothing, the venues etc. help the pilgrim remember death and that he will be
resurrected By Allah SWT very soon.
4. High Reward
“The Prophet SAW said: 'Hajj al-Mabrur brings no reward other than Paradise, and
from one 'Umrah to another is expiation for what came in between.” (Nasaai)

5. Instills Patience

6. Teaches How to Sacrifice for Allah SWT

 Social Impacts

1. A Great Display of Muslim Brotherhood and Unity

2. A Mean of Socializing & Interacting with Other Muslim Brothers

3. Establishes Harmony & Peace Between Muslims

4. Increases belief in equality among all ethnic groups

5. Promotes favorable attitudes towards women