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Transistor and Diode

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Mychelle Hidalgo
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17 views19 pages

Transistor and Diode

Uploaded by

Mychelle Hidalgo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Name the semimetals.
Silicon is the most widely used semiconductor material in the
electronics industry. Its popularity can be attributed to several
factors, including its abundance in the Earth's crust, its ability
to form high-quality insulating oxide layers, and its
compatibility with various fabrication processes.
Transistor as
a Switch
What is a Transistor?
• Semiconductors: ability to change
from conductor to insulator
• Can either allow current or prohibit
current to flow
• Useful as a switch, but also as an
amplifier
• Essential part of many technological
advances
TRANSISTOR
A transistor is a three-terminal semiconductor
device that can be used as a switch or amplifier.
The transistor as a switch is used to turn ON or
OFF a circuit. The transistor as an amplifier is
used to amplify the voltage or current.
The transistor as a switch is used in digital
circuits. The digital circuits are the ones that use
transistors to store the data in the form of bits (0
or 1)
The main advantage of using a transistor as a
switch is that it can control a large amount of
current with a small amount of current. This
property is called gain.
The transistor as an amplifier is used in audio
systems, radios, and televisions. The amplifiers
increase the strength of the signal. They are also
used in computers to amplify the signals from
the keyboard and mouse.
APPLICATION OF TRANSISTOR
Transistors can be used as a switch in various electronic
applications. Some of the most common applications are:
1. Switching lights on and off
Transistors can be used to control the flow of
electricity in a circuit, which makes them ideal for use as
switches. In most cases, transistors are used to turn
something ON or OFF. For example, you could use a
transistor to turn a light ON or OFF. When the light is OFF, the
transistor prevents current from flowing through the light bulb.
When the light is ON, the current can flow freely through the
circuit and illuminate the bulb.
APPLICATION OF TRANSISTOR
2.Controlling motors
Similarly, transistors can be used to control motors.
When the transistor is turned OFF, the motor will not be able to
operate. When the transistor is turned ON, the motor will be
able to run freely.
3. Regulating power in an electronic circuit
Transistors can also be used to regulate power in an
electronic circuit. For example, if a circuit is getting too much
power, the transistor can be used to turn OFF the flow of
electricity and prevent damage to the components. Transistors
are an essential part of many electronic devices and circuits!
CLASSIFICATION OF TRANSISTOR
CLASSIFICATION OF TRANSISTOR
There are two main types of transistor:
bipolar junction transistors (BJTs)
and field effect transistors (FETs).
A transistor is an active device with
three terminals, and these three
terminals are known as the Emitter (E),
the Base (B), and the Collector (C).The
Base is responsible for controlling the
transistor while the Collector is the
positive lead, and Emitter is the
negative lead.
CLASSIFICATION OF TRANSISTOR
1. Bipolar Junction Transistor
-Shortly termed as BJT is called so as it has two PN
junctions for its function. BJT is a current controlled
device.
-Then bipolar transistors have the ability to operate within
three different regions:
1. Active Region – the transistor operates as an amplifier
2. Saturation – the transistor is “Fully-ON” operating as a
switch
3. Cut-off – the transistor is “Fully-OFF” operating as a
switch
CLASSIFICATION OF TRANSISTOR
1. Bipolar Junction Transistor
-It has got two types of configurations NPN and PNP.

The NPN (Negative-Positive-Negative) transistor is made


1
by placing a ptype material between two n-type
materials.

The PNP (Negative-Positive-Negative) transistor is made


2 by placing an ntype material between two p-type
materials.
2. Field Effect Transistors
(FETs) is a three-terminal unipolar
semiconductor device. It is
a voltage controlled device. The
main advantage of FET is that it
has a very high input impedance,
which is in the order of Mega
Ohms. It has many advantages
like low power consumption, low
heat dissipation and highly
efficient devices.
CONCLUSION
As we have seen, a transistor can be used as a switch in a
circuit. When the base voltage is high, the transistor is turned
on and current can flow from the collector to the emitter. When
the base voltage is low, the transistor is turned off and no
current can flow. This switching action can be used to control
larger currents in a circuit. For example, a small base current
can be used to control a much larger collector-emitter current.
This is how transistors are used in digital circuits such as
computers. By controlling the flow of current with transistors,
we can create all kinds of logic gates that perform Boolean
operations on digital signals.
TRY THIS!
1. Define transistor
2. Discuss the applications of
transistor and diode as a switch
3. Compare BJT and FETs

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