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Computer Hardware Presentation

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24 views

Computer Hardware Presentation

Uploaded by

wanjikukibui4
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Computer hardware

presentation
Table of contents
Definition and components
Computer hardware refers to the physical or the tangible parts of a component that provide support to
functions such as input, processing ,output etc.
Computer hardware consists of 5 major components;
• Input devices
• Processing devices
• Storage devices
• Output devices
• Communication devices
Input devices
These are devices that help one to communicate information to the computer. i.e; they help one to key in information t
computer. E.g mouse, keyboard.
• Mouse
A device used to point and select items on the screen.
Usually has 2 buttons; the primary button(left button) and the secondary button( right button)
Some have a scroll wheel which enables you to move up and down the document.
Some functions one can perform using the mouse ;left clicking, right clicking
examples of mouse are;
Opto-mechanical type- has a round ball that makes contact with two rollers.
Optical mouse- looks the same as any other computer mouse except there is no mouse ball, instead the mouse uses a s
mouse pad and a beam of laser light.

• Keyboard
It is the major input device.
Has three types of keys;
• alphanumeric f to type all alphabets , numbers and special symbols like $, % etc.
• function keys such as f1 to f12 that are used to give special commands depending upon the software used
• special keys such as shift, ctrl, alt, home that are used to perform special functions.
Processing devices
to process data to information
Used

The system unit houses the processing components of the computer system.
Include ;
Cpu- refers to the brain of the computer. Part of the computer that processes data;
consists of the control unit and the arithmetic and logical unit and the buses.
Control unit

• Controls execution of programs


• Directs sequence of operations
• Fetches instructions from memory, interprets and send the instructions to other components.
Fetch-decode-execute cycle
Communicates with input-output devices for transfer of data from storage
Arithmetic logic unit
Performs actual processing of data using program instructions i.e arithmetic and logical operations
Registers
Temporary storage areas for instructions or data inside the cpu and that can keep up with the processors
Main memory
• This is the primary storage though its not part of the cpu but closely related.
• Cache memory
• It is a memory used by the cpu to reduce the average time to access the memory.
• It stores copies of the data from frequently used main memory locations
• Leve1 – inbuilt in the processor (internal)
• Level 2 – external cache memory fitted on the motherboard
• N:B COPROCESSOR IS A SPECIAL PURPOSE PROCESSING UNIT THAT ASSIST THE CPU IN
PERFORMING CERTAIN TYPES OF OPERATIONS.E.G; A MATH CO PROCESSOR
PERFORMS MATHEMATIMATICAL COMPUTATIONS.
• GRAPHICS PROCESSING UNIT
• Also called the vpu
Output devices
• Are devices that are used to display the result. They translate the machine readable information into human readable information.
• Results are taken from main storage and fed to an output device e.g printer converts information to a printed form called hard copy.
• Output is human readable information
• Data.
• Information
• examples of output devices
• Printers –output printouts on paper referred to as hard copy
• Categorized into
• Printing capacity
• Character printers- print one character ata a time
• Line printers- print one line ata time
• Page printers- print a whole page at a time
• Mode of printing
• Impact printers which create image by using a mechanism to physically press an inked ribbon against the page, causing the ink to be deposited on the page in
the shape desired
• .dot matrix and daisy wheel printer
• Non-impact printers- print by shooting or burn tiny droplets of ink or toner onto paper
• Ink jet printers- form images by shooting tiny droplets of ink on paper. They offer good image quality, relatively quite than dot max
• Laser jet printers- form images using copier technology
• Thermal printers- produces a printed image by selectivity heat

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