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Calculation of fabric weight based on

various dimensional property of fabric


NAME :- PUSKAR DATTA

STREAM :- TEXTILE TECHNOLOGY


SUBJECT:- Fabric Manufacturing II (PC TT 502)

ROLL NO:-11001422022

REG. NO:-221100110159

INSTITUTE NAME: GOVT COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TEXTILE


TECHNOLOGY, SERAMPORE
INTRODUCTION

Fabric weight, a crucial parameter in the textile industry, is determined by the mass of the
fabric per unit area. Surprisingly, this seemingly simple metric is influenced by a complex
interplay of various dimensional properties of the fabric.
By carefully considering factors such as yarn count, fabric construction (weave, knit, or
nonwoven), density (ends and picks per unit length), thickness, and other related parameters,
it's possible to estimate fabric weight with reasonable accuracy. These calculations are essential
for quality control, cost estimation, and product development in the textile sector.

The parameters are


1. EPI
2. PPI
3. Yarn linear density
4. Crimp %
Ends per inch(EPI) & Picks per inch(PPI)

• Ends per inch ( EPI ) is the number of warp


threads (the threads running lengthwise in a
fabric) per inch of woven fabric. In general, the
higher the ends per inch, the finer the fabric is.

• Picks per inch (PPI) is the number of weft


threads per inch of woven fabric. A pick is a
single weft thread, hence the term. In general, the
higher the picks per inch, the finer is the fabric.
Yarn linear density
• Yarn linear density is a measure of the thickness or fineness of a yarn. It is
defined as the mass (weight) of a specific length of yarn.
There are two main linear density systems: direct and indirect
Direct: Fix the length of the year and and measure its weight
Eg: TEX (weight in grams per 1000 meters)
DENIER ( grams per 9000 meters)
Indirect: fix the weight of the year and measure its length
Eg: Count system
 Linear density is high means it is a coarser yarn
 Linear density is low means it is a finer yarn
Crimp percentage

• It is defined as the mean difference between the straightened thread


length and the distance between the ends of the thread while in the
cloth, expressed as a percentage.

• Yarn Crimp% = 100 × (Straighten Yarn length - Yarn length in


fabric)/Fabric Length
Calculation of fabric weight

Input patameters:
•EPI=E
•PPI=P
•Warp count=Nw
•Weft count=Nf
•Warp crimp%=Cw
•Weft crimp%=Cf
Warp weight per 1 square meter
Total no.of warp=E×39.37……………….(i)
Total length of warp in 1 square meter= E×39.37×(1+ )
=39.37E×1× (1+ ) …………(ii)

Warp Linear Density=590.6/Nw ( tex)

Total weight in gram for warp in sq- metre:


1000 m.................. g
1 m................. g
39.37× ()............ g
= g ...............(iii)
Similarly total weight of weft in 1sq meter fabric:
g .............................................(iv)
Hense GSM of fabric is (iii)+(iv)
+
Conclusion

Accurately calculating fabric weight hinges on precise dimensional


measurements. Factors like fabric width, length, thickness, and density
significantly influence the final weight. By employing formulas that
incorporate these parameters, manufacturers can determine fabric weight
(GSM or other units), essential for quality control, pricing, and material
consumption estimation. However, variations in fabric construction and fiber
properties can introduce complexities, necessitating standardized
measurement protocols for reliable results.

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