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Unit 3 - Belt Drives

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Erich Okoth
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21 views

Unit 3 - Belt Drives

Lecture notes

Uploaded by

Erich Okoth
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Belt Drives

What are Belt Drives?


• The belts or ropes are used to transmit power from one shaft to another by
means of pulleys which rotate at the same speed or at different speeds.
• The amount of power transmitted depends upon the following factors:
1. The velocity of the belt.
2. The tension under which the belt is placed on the pulleys.
3. The arc of contact between the belt and the smaller pulley.
4. The conditions under which the belt is used.
Selection of a Belt Drive
• Following are the various important factors upon which the selection of a belt
drive depends:
1. Speed of the driving and driven shafts,
2. Speed reduction ratio,
3. Power to be transmitted,
4. Centre distance between the shafts,
5. Positive drive requirements,
6. Shafts layout,
7. Space available, and
8. Service conditions.
Types of Belt Drives
Light drives. These are used to transmit small powers at belt speeds upto about 10
m/s, as in agricultural machines and small machine tools.
Medium drives. These are used to transmit medium power at belt speeds over 10
m/s but up to 22 m/s, as in machine tools.
Heavy drives. These are used to transmit large powers at belt speeds above 22
m/s, as in compressors and generators.
Types of Belts

Flat belt. Fig. (a), is mostly used in the factories and workshops, where a moderate amount of power is to be transmitted, from
one pulley to another when the two pulleys are not more than 8 metres apart.

V-belt. Fig. (b), is mostly used in the factories and workshops, where a moderate amount of power is to be transmitted, from one
pulley to another, when the two pulleys are very near to each other.

Circular belt or rope. Fig. (c), is mostly used in the factories and workshops, where a great amount of power is to be transmitted,
from one pulley to another, when the two pulleys are more than 8 metres apart.
Material used for Belts
• The material used for belts and ropes must be strong, flexible, and durable. It
must have a high coefficient of friction.
1. Leather belts.
2. Cotton or fabric belts.
3. Rubber belt.
4. Balata (substitute for rubber) belts.
Types of Flat Belt Drives
1. Open belt drive
Types of Flat Belt Drives
2. Crossed or twist belt drive.
Types of Flat Belt Drives
3. Quarter turn belt drive.
Types of Flat Belt Drives
4. Belt drive with idler pulleys.
Types of Flat Belt Drives
5. Compound belt drive.
Types of Flat Belt Drives
• 6. Stepped or cone pulley drive.
Types of Flat Belt Drives
• 7. Fast and loose pulley drive.
Velocity Ratio of Belt Drive
Velocity Ratio of a Compound Belt Drive
Slip of Belt
• Motion of belts and shafts assumes a firm frictional grip between the belts and
the shafts.
• However, sometimes, the frictional grip is insufficient. This may cause some
forward motion of the driver without carrying the belt with it.
• This may also cause some forward motion of the belt without carrying the driven
pulley with it.
• This is called slip of the belt and is generally expressed as a percentage.
• The effect of slip is to decrease the speed of the belt on the driving shaft, and to
decrease the speed of the driven shaft.
Slip of Belt
Length of an Open Belt Drive
Length of a Cross Belt Drive

H
Power Transmitted by a Belt
Ratio of Driving Tensions For Flat Belt Drive
Ratio of Driving Tensions For Flat Belt Drive
Ratio of Driving Tensions for V-belt
CENTRIFUGAL EFFECT ON BELTS
• While in motion, as a belt passes over a pulley, the centrifugal effect due to its
own weight tends to lift the belt from the pulley.
• Owing to symmetry, the centrifugal force produces equal tensions on the two
sides of the belt, i.e., on the tight side as well as on the slack side.
MAXIMUM POWER TRANSMITTED BY A BELT
• If it desired that a belt transmits maximum possible value power, two conditions
must be fulfilled simultaneously.
1. Larger tension must reach the maximum permissible value for the two belt.
2. The belt should be on the point of slipping. i.e., maximum frictional force is
developed in the belt.
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