Structure of a report

Results Concludi Bibliogra

Introduction of Review of The
Research
ng phy
Preliminary Part the Report Literature
Methodolo Remarks
•Cover •Introduction •Books review •Processing •Findings
gy
•The • Appendices
•Title •Review of theoretical of data
•Preface •Background •Conclusions
articles framework
•Acknowledg of the published in (variables) •Hypothesis /
ement research books, journals, model •Shortcoming
periodicals, etc s
study •Model / testing
•Table of •Review of hypothesis
contents •Statement articles •Data •Suggestions
of the published in
•Instruments analysis and to the
leading
•List of tables problem interpretatio problems
newspapers for data
collection n
•List of •Brief outline •Working •Direction for
papers / further
graphs of the •Data •Tables and
discusssion
chapters figures research
paper / study collection
reports

•Articles on
authorised
websites
Structure of a report
Results Concludi Bibliogra
Introduction of Review of The
Research
ng phy
Preliminary Part the Report Literature
Methodolo Remarks
•Cover •Introduction •Books review •Processing •Findings
gy
•The • Appendices
•Title •Review of theoretical of data
•Preface •Background •Conclusions
articles framework
•Acknowledg of the published in (variables) •Hypothesis /
ement research books, journals, model •Shortcoming
periodicals, etc s
study •Model / testing
•Table of •Review of hypothesis
contents •Statement articles •Data •Suggestions
of the published in
•Instruments analysis and to the
leading
•List of tables problem interpretatio problems
newspapers for data
collection n
•List of •Brief outline •Working •Direction for
papers / further
graphs of the •Data •Tables and
discusssion
chapters figures research
paper / study collection
reports

•Articles on
authorised
websites
Preliminary Part

• The preliminary part may have seven major components – cover, title,
preface, acknowledgement, table of contents, list of tables, list of graphs.
Long reports presented in book form have a cover made up of a card sheet.
The cover contains title of the research report, the authority to whom the
report is submitted, name of the author, etc.
• The preface introduces the report to the readers. It gives a very brief
introduction of the report. In the acknowledgements author mention names of
persons and organisations that have extended co-operation and helped in the
various stages of research. Table of contents is essential. It gives the title and
page number of each chapter.
Introduction of the Report

• The introduction of the research report should clearly and logically

bring out the background of the problem addressed in the research.
The purpose of the introduction is to introduce the research project
to the readers. A clear statement of the problem with specific
questions to be answered is presented in the introduction. It
contains a brief outline of the chapters.
Review of Literature

• The third section reviews the important literature related to the study. A
comprehensive review of the research literature referred to must be made.
Previous research studies and the important writings in the area under study
should be reviewed. Review of literature is helpful to provide a background for
the development of the present study.
• The researcher may review concerned books, articles published in edited
books, journals and periodicals. Researcher may also take review of articles
published in leading newspapers. A researcher should study working
papers/discussion papers/study reports. It is essential for a broad conclusion
and indications for further research.
The Research Methodology

• Research methodology is an integral part of the research. It should

clearly indicate the universe and the selection of samples,
techniques of data collection, analysis and interpretation, statistical
techniques, etc.
Results

• Results contain pilot study, processing of data, hypothesis/model

testing, data analysis and interpretation, tables and figures, etc. This is
the heart of the research report. If a pilot study is planned to be used,
it’s purpose should be given in the research methodology.
• The collected data and the information should be edited, coded,
tabulated and analysed with a view to arriving at a valid and authentic
conclusion. Tables and figures are used to clarify the significant
relationship. The results obtained through tables, graphs should be
critically interpreted.
Concluding Remarks

• The concluding remarks should discuss the results obtained in the earlier sections,
as well as their usefulness and implications. It contains findings, conclusions,
shortcomings, suggestions to the problem and direction for future research.
Findings are statements of factual information based upon the data analysis.
• Conclusions must clearly explain whether the hypothesis have been established and
rejected. This part requires great expertise and preciseness. A report should also
refer to the limitations of the applicability of the research inferences. It is essential
to suggest the theoretical, practical and policy implications of the research. The
suggestions should be supported by scientific and logical arguments. The future
direction of research based on the work completed should also be outlined.
Bibliography

• The bibliography is an alphabetic list of books, journal articles,

reports, etc, published or unpublished, read, referred to, examined
by the researcher in preparing the report. The bibliography should
follow standard formats for books, journal articles, research reports.
• The end of the research report may consist of appendices, listed in
respect of all technical data. Appendices are for the purpose of
providing detailed data or information that would be too
cumbersome within the main body of the research report.