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Number and Number Sense

presentation about numbers and number sense

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facera105
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316 views

Number and Number Sense

presentation about numbers and number sense

Uploaded by

facera105
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Number and number sense

Chapter 1: Whole Numbers


Lesson 1:

Place Value
Our numeration system is called Hindu-
Arabic or Decimal System. Unlike other
numeration systems such Roman numeration,
the Hindu-Arabic System uses place value
which makes it easier to read numbers.
Place Value Chart
THOUSANDS HUNDREDS TENS ONES
1000 100 10 1

In four-digit number, the places


value of each digit from left to right
are: thousands, hundreds, tens
and ones
The place value chart below shows the
number 4 728. How do we read this number?

Place Value Chart


Place Value THOUSANDS HUNDREDS TENS ONES
in Words
Place Value 1000 100 10 1
in Figures
Given 4 7 2 8
Number
Digit Place Value Chart Value
word figure
8 ones 1 8x1=8
2 tens 10 2 x 10 = 20
7 hundreds 100 7 x 100 = 700
4 thousands 1 000 4 x 1 000 = 4 000
Lesson 2:

Addition of Whole Numbers


Addition is the process of putting two or
more numbers or things together.

• Addends are the numbers being added.


• Sum is the result in addition.
Originally, the Philippines has a total of 7 107
islands. Lately, 534 new islands are added which
makes our total number of islands as 7 641. It
means that 7 107 + 534 = 7 641.

7 107 + 534 are called addends


7 641 is called sum
Properties of Addition

1. Commutative Property of Addition (CPA)


The order of the addends does affect the sum.

4+3=7
3+4=7
2. Associative Property of Addition (APA)
It says that changing the grouping of the addends does not affect the
sum.

(8 + 7) + 2 = 8 + (7+2)
15 + 2 = 8 + 9
17 = 17

3. Identity Property of Addition (IPA)


States that sum of a number and zero is the same number.

8+0=8
0+1=1
0 + 30 = 30
Adding Two- to Three-Digit
Numbers
To add two- to three-digit numbers, follow the steps below.

Step 1: Arrange the numbers in column so that digits of the same place
value are aligned. For example, let's find the sum of 74 and 162.

Hundreds Place Tens Place Ones Place


+ 7 4
1 6 2
Step 2: Add the digits in the ones place, tens place, then the hundreds
place.

Hundreds Place Tens Place Ones Place


1
+ 7 4
1 6 2

2 3 6

The sum of 74 and 162 is 236.


Lesson 3:

Subtraction of Whole Numbers


Subtraction is the process of taking
away one number from another.

• Minuend the number being subtracted from the


other number, called the subtrahend or the
number used to subtract.
• Difference is the answer in subtraction.
difference

older

younger

6 is called minuend
4 is called subtrahend
2 is called difference or remainder
• Subtraction is the inverse operation of addition.

Subtraction Sentence Addition Sentence

6–4=2 2+4=6

or

4+2=6
Subtraction of Two- to Three-Digit
Numbers
James has ₱79. He bought a piece of sandwich at P25. How much
money does he have left?

Step 1: Arrange the numbers so that digits of the same place value fall on
the same column.
Tens Place Ones
7 Place
-
2 9
5
Step 2: Subtract the ones digits.

Tens Place Ones


- 7 Place
2 9
5
4
Step 3: Subtract the tens digits.
Ones Therefore, 79 - 25 = 54
Tens Place
Place or James had ₱54 left.
7
- 2 9
5
5 4
Lesson 4:

Multiplication of Whole
Numbers
Mutiplication is the process of calculating the total of one
number multiplied by another.

In the multiplication sentence, 830 x 2 = 1 660, 830 and 2 are


called factors while 1 660 is called product.
Multiplication as Repeated Addition

Find the sum of the following:

1. 4+4+4+4+4+4+4 =

2. 3+3+3+3+3+3+3+3 =

3. 8+8+8+8+8+8 =
Multiplication is called repeated addition since adding the
same number repeatedly may be expressed as multiplication
instead.
Addition Multiplication Answer

1. 4+4+4+4+4+4+4 = 28 7 groups of 4 or 7x4 28

2. 3+3+3+3+3+3+3+3 = 24 8 groups of 3 or 8x3 24

3. 8+8+8+8+8 = 40 5 groups of 8 or 5x8 40


Properties of Multiplication

1. Commutative Property of Multiplication (CPM)

When the order of the factors is changed, the product is still the same.

Example: 3 x 5 = 5 x 3
15 = 15

2. Associative Property of Multiplication (APM)

The grouping of the factors does not affect the product.

Example: (2 x 8) x 5 = 2 x (8 x 5)
16 x 5 = 2 x 40
80 = 80
3. Identity Property of Multiplication (IPM)

When the number is multiplied by 1, the product is the number itself.


Example: 10 x 1 = 10 1x6=6

4. Zero Property of Multiplication (ZPM)

Any number multiplied by zero is zero.

Example: 0 x 9 = 0 15 x 0 = 0
Lesson 5:

Division of Whole Numbers


 Division is the process of splitting numbers into equal parts.

The process of division can be expressed as:

10 ÷ 2 = 5 or 10 / 2

Where,
10 is called the dividened or the number being divided ;
2 is called the divisor or the number that divides; and
5 is called the quotient or the answer in the division.
Division as Repeated Subtraction

 Division is called repeated subtraction.

“How many 2s are in 10?”

To find the number of 2s in 10 using repeated subtraction, we subtract 2


from 10 repeatedly until the difference is 0.
10 – 2 = 8
8–2=6
6–2=4
4–2=2
2–2=0
Division as Inverse Operation of Multiplication

Division is inverse operation of multiplication. For


instance,
10 ÷ 2 = 5 may be written as or 2 × 5 = 10

It means that dividend divisor = quotient may be


written as divisor x quotient = dividend.
Division Sentence Multiplication Sentence Answer
7 2 ÷ 8 = ___ 8 x ___ = 72 Since 8 x 9 =72, then 72 ÷ 8 =
9.

56 ÷ 7 = ___ 7 x ___ = 56 Since 7 x 8 =56, then 56 ÷ 7 =


8
THANK YOU!

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