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Multiple Alleles

multiple alleles ppt with example and explanation

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24 views28 pages

Multiple Alleles

multiple alleles ppt with example and explanation

Uploaded by

hojimakilanmarilaggg
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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NON-MENDELIAN

GENETICS
By:
JILMA U. SEVILLA
Grade 8- SCIENCE
Short Prayer
Review: Mendelian Genetics
 A way in which genes and their corresponding
traits are passed on from parents to offspring
 Involve only two alleles for every trait

 The two alleles or genes are either dominant or


recessive

 Phenotypic traits in pea plants are examples


The results of Mendel’s experiments
on pea plants led him to formulate
laws:
1. Law of Dominance
2. Law of Segregation
3. Law of Independent Assortment
NON-MENDELIAN PATTERNS
OF INHERITANCE
In Non-Mendelian, not all traits are controlled by a dominant
or recessive gene.

So, they are not patterned from Mendel’s principles.


Examples of Non- Mendelian Inheritance
MULTIPLE ALLELES
In multiple alleles, there may
be more than two types of
alleles available. This will lead
also to more than two
phenotypes expressed.
Example: ABO blood group
system in humans

In humans, how many blood groups


do you know?
Do you know your blood
group or blood type?

How important is knowing your blood


type?
It is important to know your
blood type because it is also
an inherited trait.

Blood types can be compatible or


incompatible with one another.
A short Game!
If you are the donor, are you eligible to
donate blood?

You are blood type A, the receiver is O.


Are you compatible or not?
Donor----------Receiver
Compatible? yes or no
AB ---------------B __
B ---------------A __
O ---------------B __
A ---------------O __
The ABO blood types are governed by
multiple alleles.
A, B, and O alleles are responsible for
this blood system
Table 1. Human ABO blood
types and genotypes
Blood Types of Genotypes of
Human Parents
A AA, AO
B BB, BO
AB aboAB

O OO
Activity:
1.
Solve for the unknown blood types of the father
given the blood types of the mother and the child

Mother’s Blood Father’s Blood Child’s Blood


Type Type Type
1.
A ? A
2..
B ? AB
2.
Solve for the possible blood types of their
children given the blood types of the
parents
Mother’s Blood Father’s Blood Child’s Blood
Type Type Type
1.
A B ________
2..
B O _________
3.
A man with type AB is married to a woman
also with type AB blood. What
proportion/percentage of their children will
have –
( Show a Punnett Square)
a. Type A blood-
b. Type B blood-
c. Type O blood-
d. Type AB blood-
4.
A woman with type O blood gave birth to a
baby, also with type O blood. She said that
a man with a type AB blood was the father
of the baby. Is this possible?
SUMMARY
The A and B allele are dominant over the O allele, which
is always recessive. When the A and B alleles are inherited
together, both alleles are expressed equally. This also
makes A and B codominants of each other.

Actually, there are 8 blood types in human: A+, A-, B+,


B-, AB+, AB-, O+, O- depending on the Rh factor found
on the surface of their blood. If your blood type is
negative, your blood cells lack Rh protein, if your blood
type is positive, your blood cells have the Rh protein.
Type O blood can be given to anyone,
considered the “universal donor”
Type AB blood are considered the “universal
recipient”
If you have type A blood, you can only receive
type A or O
If you have type B blood, you can only receive
type B or O
If you have type AB blood, you can
receive all types of blood
If you have type O blood, you can only
receive type O blood.
Blood Type Compatibility Chart

https://www.blood.ca/en/stories/blood-type-compatibility-which-blood-types-are-compatible-each-other#:~:text=Blood%20type
%20compatibility%20chart&text=For%20example%2C%20if%20you%20have,B%20or%20type%20O%20blood.
APPLICATION
Why is knowing your blood types
important?
1. In case of emergency, you need to receive
a blood transfusion. Your blood must match the
blood type you are receiving.
2. Use for legal purposes/ as evidence
(ex. claiming a child ) or for solving
historical crimes
Quiz: ½ crosswise
1. 1. What are the genotypes possible
for a person who has the following
blood types:
2. a.type A=
3. b.type AB=
4. c.type O=
5. d.type B=
2. Can a married couple produce a type
O child if the father is heterozygous for
type A blood and the mother is
heterozygous for type A bllod? Draw a
Punnett Square.
2. A man with type AB is arried to a
Assignment:
Know the blood types of parents,
your siblings and yourselfith type AB
blood. What proportion of their children
will have –
a.Type A blood-
b. Type B blood-
2. A Thank you…God bless us all!h type
AB is arried to a woman also with type
AB blood. What proportion of their
children wiype A blood-
b. Type B blood-
c. Type O blood-
d. Type AB blood-

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