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RESPIRATORY

ITS PARTS AND FUNCTION

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Ashyy
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15 views

RESPIRATORY

ITS PARTS AND FUNCTION

Uploaded by

Ashyy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Respiratory

System
Parts and Functions
Function of the Respiratory System

The human respiratory system is a series


of organs responsible for taking in
oxygen and expelling carbon dioxide. The
primary organs of the respiratory system
are the lungs, which carry out this
Nose and Mouth (Nasal
Cavity)
The nose is what we normally use to
inhale and exhale. It has two holes
called nostrils through which air
passes. The skin lining both nostrils is
embedded with tiny hairs called cilia,
which act like a filter to catch dust and
other small particles in the air we
breathe. The mouth is what we use to
breathe when we need more air than
what can be taken in through the
nostrils, as when we pant or puff when
we are exhausted.
Olfactory Nerves – responsible for our sense of smell
Pharynx
The pharynx is the opening just behind
the nose and mouth and is part of both
the respiratory and digestive
systems. Both food and air pass through
the pharynx; it is lined with tissues called
tonsils which can partially obstruct the
passage of either of the two. Like when
swallowing, respiration is interrupted. The
pharynx ends in the esophagus and the
larynx.
Larynx
The larynx is also known as the
"voice box" because it houses
the vocal chords and the different
muscles used in producing sounds.
The epiglottis, a cartilage found
at the top of the larynx, aids in
closing it tightly to prevent the
passage of food or liquids.
Epiglottis

The main function of the epiglottis is to


seal off the windpipe during eating, so
that food is not accidentally inhaled.
Trachea
The trachea, also referred to as the
windpipe, is a tube through which
respiratory gas transport takes
place. It is lined with ciliated cells to
push particles out, and cartilage
rings to guard it against pressure
when breathing.
Bronchi

The end of the trachea is split into


two tubes called the bronchi,
which also have several thin-walled
branches called bronchioles.
These bronchioles lead to air sacs
called alveoli, where most of the
gas exchange happens.
Lungs
The lungs are the most essential
organ for respiration. They consist
of a cluster of bronchioles and
alveoli, blood vessels, and elastic
tissue. Their main function is to
transfer oxygen into the
bloodstream, and to excrete
carbon dioxide into the air.
Mechanism of BREATHING
Breathing in Breathing out
(Inhalation)
When you breathe in (inhale), your
(Exhalation)
diaphragm contracts (tightens) and When you breathe out (exhale), your
moves downward. In this way, it could diaphragm relaxes and moves upward
provide a bigger space for your lungs to into the chest cavity. The intercostal muscles
expand in the chest cavity. Also, the also relax to decrease the area in the chest
intercostal muscles help widen the area in cavity. As the space in the chest cavity
the chest cavity. They contract to pull your reduced, carbon dioxide is pushed out of
rib cage both upward and outward when you your lungs and windpipe, and then out of
breathe. As your lungs expand, air enters your nose or mouth.
the nose and mouth, traveling towards your
windpipe and into your lungs.
How do the balloons get inflated and deflated
when we pull or push the rubber sheet?
How this co-
relates to the
breathing
system?
Now let us see what happens in our
body.
Inhalation
and
Exhalation

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