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Computer Organization and Architecture: Presented by Er. Amandeep Kaur CSE Department CEC, Jhanjeri

Computer organisation and architecture

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rajdeepmulae
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20 views

Computer Organization and Architecture: Presented by Er. Amandeep Kaur CSE Department CEC, Jhanjeri

Computer organisation and architecture

Uploaded by

rajdeepmulae
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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COMPUTER ORGANIZATION

AND ARCHITECTURE

Presented By
Er. Amandeep Kaur
CSE department
CEC,Jhanjeri
Register Transfer Language

 A digital computer system exhibits an


interconnection of digital modules such as registers,
decoders, arithmetic elements, and Control logic.
 These digital modules are interconnected with some
common data and control paths to form a complete
digital system.
 Moreover, digital modules are best defined by the
registers and the operations that are performed on
the data stored in them.
 The operations performed on the data stored in
registers are called Micro-operations.
Register Transfer Language

 The internal hardware organization of a digital


system is best defined by specifying:
 The set of registers and the flow of data between
them.
 The sequence of micro-operations performed on the
data which are stored in the registers.
 The control paths that initiates the sequence of
micro-operation
Register Transfer Language

 The Register Transfer Language is the symbolic


representation of notations used to specify the
sequence of micro-operations.

 In a computer system, data transfer takes place


between processor registers and memory and
between processor registers and input-output
systems. These data transfer can be represented by
standard notations given below:
Register Transfer Language

 Notations R0, R1, R2..., and so on represent


processor registers.
 The addresses of memory locations are represented
by names such as LOC, PLACE, MEM, etc.
 Input-output registers are represented by names
such as DATA IN, DATA OUT and so on.
 The content of register or memory location is
denoted by placing square brackets around the
name of the register or memory location.
Register Transfer

 The term Register Transfer refers to the availability


of hardware logic circuits that can perform a given
micro-operation and transfer the result of the
operation to the same or another register.
 Most of the standard notations used for specifying
operations on various registers are stated below.
 he memory address register is designated by MAR.
 Program Counter PC holds the next instruction's
address.
 Instruction Register IR holds the instruction being
executed.
 R1 (Processor Register).
 We can also indicate individual bits by placing them
in parenthesis. For instance, PC (8-15), R2 (5), etc.
 Data Transfer from one register to another register
is represented in symbolic form by means of
replacement operator. For instance, the following
statement denotes a transfer of the data of register
R1 into register R2.
 R2 ← R1
 Typically, most of the users want the transfer to
occur only in a predetermined control condition. This
can be shown by following if-then statement:
If (P=1) then (R2 ← R1); Here P is a control signal
generated in the control section.
 It is more convenient to specify a control function
(P) by separating the control variables from the
register transfer operation. For instance, the
following statement defines the data transfer
operation under a specific control function (P).
 P: R2 ← R1
 The following image shows the block diagram that
depicts the transfer of data from R1 to R2.
 Here, the letter 'n' indicates the number of bits for
the register. The 'n' outputs of the register R1 are
connected to the 'n' inputs of register R2.

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