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On INTERNET....

Foundation of Internet.....

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saranshsrimbhs
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19 views

On INTERNET....

Foundation of Internet.....

Uploaded by

saranshsrimbhs
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 16

INTRODUCTION

AND
BASIC CONCEPTS
BY SARANSH SRIVASTAVA

INTERNET
Introduction { index }

 History of internet
 A Technical Viewpoint
 How the Internet works??
 What is Modem??
 Working of the Modem
 ISP
 URL
INTERNET IS WORLDWIDE
HISTORY OF INTERNET

 In 1969, the Department of Defence


[DOD] of United States of America
started a network called ARPANET
{ Advanced Research Projects
Administration Network }. It was
started with one computer in
California and three in Utah.
 Later, the military allowed
universities to join the network for
sharing the hardware and software
A Technical viewpoint
 Internet is a network of thousands of computer
networks. Every network and every computer on
these networks exchange information according
to certain rules called ‘PROTOCOLS ‘. Two
computers working with different operating
systems can communicate because of the same
protocol. Two protocols used for working with
the internet are INTERNET PROTOCOL or IP and
TRANSMISSION CONTROL PROTOCOL or TCP.
You’ll often see these mentioned together as
TCP/IP when references are made to the
software needed to make an Internet
connection.
How the internet works ??
 When information is passed from one computer system
to another it is broken up into pieces called packets
using the TCP protocol. Using the IP protocol, a message
consisting of not more than 1500 bytes or characters is
put into a packet. Each pocket has the address of the
sender and the destination. These addresses are called
IP addresses.
 The packets are passed from one network to another
until they reach their destination. At the destination the
TCP software reassembles the packets into a complete
message. If packets are lost or damaged, a request is
send to resend them. It is not necessary for all the
packets in a single message to take the same rout
through the internet or for the same message to take
the same route each time it is sent..
What IS MODEM??
 A modem is a computer peripheral that allows
you to connect and communicate with other
computers via telephone lines.
 Internal Modem:- An internal modem slips into
an expansion slot provided in the computer. The
phone- cord is plugged into a jack, accessible
through the back of the computer. The internal
modem is less expensive than an external
modem.
 External Modem:- An external modem is
placed outside a computer. The modem rests
near the telephone that hooks the computer to
the outside world.
MODEM
WORKING OF THE
MODEM
Ordinary telephone lines connections carry analog
information. Modem changes digital data from
your computer into analog data, a format that can
be carried by telephone lines. In a similar manner,
the computer receiving the data converts analog
data to digital data through a modem. The process
of converting a digital signal to analog signal is
called modulation and converting an analog signal
to digital signal is called demodulation.
 Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) is a line
by which data is transmitted over digital
telephone lines. ISDN is two or four times quicker
than fastest modem…
Isp
internet service provider
 Internet connections are provided by
Internet Service Providers who install
a main server and through the server
they give connections to users.
Server is a computer with high
storage capacity and memory. It is in
turn connected to other servers
installed at different places in the
world through satellites. Connections
issued through the server are alloted
private place on the servers in order
Examples of isp
 VSNL (Videsh Sanchar Nigam
Limited)
 MTNL (Mahanagar Telephone Nigam
Limited)
 Mantra Online
 NetCracker
 Satyam
 Note :- Internet Service providers
give us the facility to gain access to
the Internet against a fee..
Internet related
terminology
 WWW
 Web page
 Web browser
 Web site
 Web server
 HTTP
 HTML
 Web address
 URL
www
 WWW stands for World Wide Web .
 WWW is a series of servers that are
interconnected through Hypertext. Hypertext
is a method presenting information in which
certain text is highlighted that, when selected,
displays more information on that particular
topic. These highlighted items are called
hyperlinks and allow the user to navigate from
one document to another that can be located
on different servers. The user can use browser
softwares like the Internet Explorer, Netscape
Navigator, etc to navigate the web..
Web page

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