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Fracture Toughness Testing

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khamarsipin
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25 views

Fracture Toughness Testing

Uploaded by

khamarsipin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Fracture toughness

testing
Fatigue
Creep
B Y :K H A M A R I S
IPIN
Fracture Toughness
Testing
Fracture toughness testing
evaluates a material's
resistance to crack
propagation under stress. It's
vital in aerospace, automotive,
and civil engineering for
designing safe structural
components.
Various standardized tests
exist to measure fracture
toughness values for structural
materials. Test procedures and
specimen configurations are
complex and vary for different
materials.
ASTM stands for the
"American Society for
Testing and Materials.
Specimens are of specified geometry
and size and typically contain a
preexisting defect, often a sharp crack.

The test apparatus applies loads to the


specimen at a specific rate and
measures load and crack displacement.
Data collected from the tests undergo
analysis to ensure they meet
established criteria before determining
fracture toughness values.
These tests are primarily designed for
metals, but some have been adapted
for use with ceramics, polymers, and
Impact Testing
Techniques

Impact testing techniques are


methods used to assess how
materials respond to sudden, high-
velocity impacts or blows. These tests
are designed to measure the ability of
a material to absorb energy and
withstand dynamic loading.
The Charpy impact test involves
striking a notched specimen (usually
a small, rectangular metal bar) with a
swinging pendulum hammer. The
specimen is supported at the base,
and the notch acts as a stress
concentrator. When the hammer
strikes the specimen, it fractures at
the notch.
Similar to the Charpy test, the Izod
impact test assesses a material's
resistance to impact loading. It uses
a notched specimen, often with a
different notch configuration, and the
pendulum hammer strikes the
specimen at a specified distance
from the notch
The ductile-to-brittle transition

is a phenomenon observed in certain


materials, particularly metals, where
their fracture behavior changes with
decreasing temperature. This
transition is characterized by a shift
from a ductile mode of fracture to a
more brittle mode as the temperature
is reduced
The most infamous of these is the sinking
of the Titanic. The sinking of the titanic
was caused primarily by the brittleness of
the steel used to construct the hull of the
ship.
In the icy water of the Atlantic, the
steel was below the ductile to brittle
transition temperature.
Fatigue refers to the process of
gradual and cumulative damage
Fatigue that occurs in a material when it is
subjected to repeated or cyclic
loading. Fatigue failure is a
common and important mode of
material failure, especially in
components and structures that
experience dynamic loads.
Understanding and managing
fatigue is essential to ensure the
safety and reliability of various
products and systems.
Fatig
ue
Cyclic
Stresses The
S-N Curve
Crack Initiation and
Propagation Factors That
Affect Fatigue Life
Environmental Effects
Creep is a time-dependent and
permanent deformation that occurs
when a material is subjected to a
constant load or stress at elevated
temperatures. It is a slow, continuous,
and usually progressive deformation
that happens over an extended period.
Creep is particularly relevant for
materials used in high-temperature
applications, such as those found in the
aerospace, power generation, and
petrochemical industries.
Generalized creep behavior
refers to the overall pattern
or characteristics of how
materials deform and
behave under constant
stress at elevated
temperatures. It describes Primary Creep
the typical stages and Secondary
features of creep
deformation that materials Creep Tertiary
exhibit over time.
Creep
Thank
you

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