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Earth and LIfe Science PPT Week 2

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17 views

Earth and LIfe Science PPT Week 2

Uploaded by

russellrada104
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INTRODUCTION TO

USING HAZARD MAPS,


IDENTIFY AREAS
PRONE TO HAZARDS
BROUGHT ABOUT BY
EARTHQUAKES,
VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS,
AND LANDSLIDES
Hazard maps
Indicate settlement areas that are at risk
from floods, avalanches, landslides and rock fall
. A separate map exists for each of these hazard
categories. The maps can be used to identify
areas that could be flooded by the next storm,
locations where avalanches could be released
and slopes where a landslide could arise.
Uses of a hazard map
 Hazard maps created for flooding are also
used in insurance rate adjustments. Hazard
maps can also be useful in determining the
risks of living in a certain area. Hazard
maps can assist people become aware of
the threats they might face from natural
disasters in a specific range or area.
IDENTIFY HUMAN
ACTIVITIES THAT SPEED
UP OR TRIGGER
LANDSLIDES
Landslides
Are a downward movement of
geological materials such as soil and rock. It
occurs in response to a variety of both
natural and manmade triggering events, such
as, earthquake heavy rainfall, volcanic
activity, or road and building construction.
It happens when the sum of downward
driving forces (gravity, seepage,
earthquake forces, etc.) is greater than
the sum of the resisting forces (strength
of the material, lateral confining forces
due to a retaining wall).
How to Prevent a Landslide?
➢ Remove loose soil and ➢ Use sandbags
replace it with more dense
material.
➢ Build a retaining wall at the
base of a slope to protect your
home.
➢ Plant trees and shrubs on
hills to keep the soil packed
and protected
What are the practical ways of coping a
landslide?
➢ Be prepared to evacuate and do so immediately if
necessary.
➢ If you are inside, remain where you are and take
cover under a sturdy piece of furniture.
➢ If you are outside, run to the nearest high ground
away from the landslide or debris flow.
➢ If escape is not possible, curl into a tight ball to
protect your head.
WHAT HUMAN
ACTIVITIES CAN
TRIGGER OR SPEED UP
LANDSLIDES?
Quarrying
An excavation or
pit, that is commonly
open to the air, from
which building stone,
slate, or, is obtained by
blasting, cutting, and
etc.
Mining
Refers to the use of
explosives underground
are like mini earthquakes.
This can cause a
landslide. Also, historic
mining can cause a
ground level gaps of 6-8ft.
Land Pollution
Is the degradation of
earth’s land surfaces
are often triggered by
human doings/
activities and its
misuse.
Excavation
Is the processing,
exposure, and recording
of archaeological
remains. The excavation
site or “dig” is a site being
studied.
Land Use
Involves the
management and
modification of natural
environment or wilderness
into built environment
examples are construction
of houses, roads and etc.
Describe Various
Hazards that May
Happen in the
Wake of Tropical
Cyclones,
Monsoons,
Floods, or Ipo-Ipo:
Tropical Cyclone
Is a low-pressure
system that generally
forms over the tropics with
wind and thunderstorm
activity. It is a huge, violent
whirlwind that happen in
many parts of the world.
➢ Tropical cyclones with maximum
sustained surface winds of less
than 62kph are called tropical
depressions, those that reaches
winds of at least 62kph are
called tropical storm.
Monsoon
Is a seasonal
shift in wind direction
and pressure
distribution that
causes a change in
precipitation.
Tornado
Locally known as
ipo-ipo are rapidly
rotating columns of air
that extend from the base
of a thunderstorm and
make contact with the
ground.
FLOODING

A flood is a
body of water
that covers land
which is normally
dry.
Marine and Coastal
Processes and Their
Effects
Coastal Erosion
Is the wearing
away of the land
by the sea and is
done by
destructive waves.
Five common
processes that cause
coastal erosion:
Corrosion/
Corrasion
Solution

Abrasion Attrition
Hydraulic
action
Corrasion
Is when waves
pick up beach
materials and
hurl them at the
base of a cliff
Abrasion
Happens when
breaking waves
containing sediment
fragments erode the
shoreline, particularly
headland. It is also
referred to as the
sand paper effect.
Hydraulic action.
The effect of waves
as they hit cliff
faces, the air is
compressed into
cracks and is
released as waves
rushes back
seaward.
Attrition
Is the process
when waves bump
rocks and pebbles
against each other
leading to the
eventual breaking of
the materials.
Corrosion/solution
involves dissolution by
weak acids such as
when the carbon
dioxide in the
atmosphere is
dissolved into water
turning it into a weak
carbonic acid.
Coastal deposition
When waves lose their capacity to
carry or transport sediments because of a
reduction in energy, they can and will "drop"
or deposit its sediment load. Waves that do
not have the capacity to transport sediments
and which results to sediment deposition and
accumulation are called constructive waves.
Sediment movement
Along coasts as wave crashes on the
shore, the water pushes sediment up the
beach and then pulls it back down the
beach as the water slides back down. If
the waves do not come in parallel to the
beach longshore transport (littoral drift) of
sand occurs.
THANK
YOU !.

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